动词的种基本形式市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

动词五种基本形式为：动词原形，第三人称单数，现在分词，过去式，过去分词。如：speak-speaksspeakingspoke spoken 第1页u第三人称单数改变规则a.普通情况在动词原形后加s在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如：stopstops s;makemakes sreadreads z;playplays zb.以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾动词后加es发音为iz 如：teachteaches iz;watchwatches izc.以辅音字母加y结尾动词，先将y变成i，再加es读iz 如：flyflies z；carrycarries zstudystudies z;worryworries d.以元音字母加y结尾动词后加splay-plays第2页e.以“o”结尾动词，加“es”，读z 如：gogoes z dodoes z 下面几个动词变为单数时，原词元音部分发音发生了较大改变，请注意记忆。如：1、do du:does dz2、say seisays sez以不发音字母以不发音字母“e”结尾开音节词，假如结尾开音节词，假如尾音是尾音是s，z时，加时，加“s”后字母后字母“e”发音，发音，与所加与所加“s”一起读做iz。如：closecloses iz be动词包含：am，is，are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用are，过去式为were.第3页现在分词改变规则a.在动词后加ing work-working sleep-sleeping study-studyingb.以不发音e结尾动词，去e再加ingtake-taking make-making dance-dancing c.以重读闭音节结尾词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加ingcut-cutting put-putting begin-beginning d.少数几个以ie结尾动词要变ie为y，再加inglie-lying tie-tying die-dying第4页规则动词过去式改变以下：1、普通情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：work-worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted 2、以不发音-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：live-lived move-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped 3、以辅音字母+y结尾动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：study-studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried 第5页4、以一个辅音字母结尾重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 5、不规则动词过去式改变规律性不强，须多加记忆。go went make made get got buy-bought come-came fly-flew 不规则动词过去式组成 1把动词原形中i改为a，变成过去式。如：beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam 2把重读开音节中i改为o，变成过去式。如：drivedrove，riderode，writewrote 3改动词原形中aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如：drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（动词show除外，showshowed）第6页4动词原形中e改为o，变成过去式。如：getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中ee改为e，变成过去式。如：feedfed，meetmet 6动词原形中eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 7动词原形中eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：breakbroke，speakspoke 8动词原形中ell改为old，变成过去式。如：sellsold，telltold 9动词原形中an改为oo，变成过去式。如：standstood，understandunderstood 第7页10以ought和aught结尾，且读音是:t过去式。如：bringbrought，buy bought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould结尾且读音为ud情态动词过去式。如：cancould，shallshould，willwould 12把动词原形中o改为a，变成过去式。如：comecame，becomebecame 13在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，而且发生音变。如：hearhi heardh:d，sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment 14动词过去式与动词原形一样。如：letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred 第8页15不符合上述规律动词过去式。如：am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell，feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have has had，holdheld，leaveleft，makemade，maymight，runran，seesaw，taketook 过去式“-ed”发音规则（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/id/音，want wanted（要）need needed（需要）（2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/t/音。help helped（帮助）laugh laughed（笑）look looked（看）kiss kissed（吻）wash washed（洗）watch watched（注视）（3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/d/音。call called（叫）staystayed（停留）crycried（哭）第9页过去分词改变规则a.动词原形加edworked,played,wanted,actedb.以辅音字母加y结尾动词，先将y变i，再加edstudied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptiedc.以e结尾动词，直接加dlived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped d.以重读闭音节结尾词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加ed.stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 第10页 注:不规则动词过去式改变规律性不强，须多加记忆。go-went make-made get-got buy-bought come-came fly-flew 第11页动词过去式,过去分词不规则改变 AB型 can could shall should will would may might AAA型 cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let must must must put put put set set set shut shut shut read read read 第12页AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become come came come run ran run 第13页ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought catch caught caught teach taught taught build built built lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent dig dug dug hang hung hung feel felt felt keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept leave left left smell smelt smelt spill spilt spilt lay laid laid pay paid paid say said said sell sold sold tell told told sit sat sat spit spat spat stand stood stood understand understood understood learn learnt learnt mean meant meant spoil spoilt spoilt shine shone shone win won won have had had make made made hear heard heard find found found hold held held 第14页ABC型 begin began begun drink drank drunk ring rang rung sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum blow blew blown fly flew flown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown draw drew drawn show showed shown break broke broken choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken wake woke woken drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen give gave given hide hid hidden ride rode ridden rise rose risen take took taken mistake mistook mistaken write wrote written am,is was been are were been do did done go went gone lie lay lain see saw seen wear wore worn第15页易错型 show showed shown draw drew drawn fall fell fallen feel felt felt hold held held help helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took taken talk talked talked get got got forget forgot forgottenmeet met met mean meant meant hit hit hit hide hid hidden ring rang rung bring brought brought eat ate eaten beat beat beaten lie lay lain lay laid laid find found found found founded founded buy bought bought bring brought brought learn learnt learnt hear heard heard第16页