合力曲线省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第四章第四章 协力曲线、运动方程协力曲线、运动方程及时分解算及时分解算1第1页本章主要内容本章主要内容n协力曲线图绘制协力曲线图绘制n列车运动方程列车运动方程n列车速度时分计算列车速度时分计算(分析法分析法)n列车速度时分曲线绘制列车速度时分曲线绘制(图解法图解法)n线路纵断面化简线路纵断面化简2第2页1 协力曲线图绘制及应用协力曲线图绘制及应用 n协力可表示为：协力可表示为：n牵引运行时牵引运行时 C=F-W0f1(v)n惰行时惰行时 C=-W0f2(v)n制动运行时制动运行时 C-(W0+B)f3(v)n作用在列车上协力作用在列车上协力(N)与列车所受重力与列车所受重力(kN)之比称为单位协力，以小写字母之比称为单位协力，以小写字母c来来表示，即表示，即:(N/kN)3第3页一、单位协力曲线图绘制一、单位协力曲线图绘制 n把列车在不一样运行工况单位协力与运把列车在不一样运行工况单位协力与运行速度改变关系绘成曲线行速度改变关系绘成曲线c=f(v)。n绘制列车单位协力曲线图，应先编制列绘制列车单位协力曲线图，应先编制列车在平直道上单位协力曲线计算表，即车在平直道上单位协力曲线计算表，即列表计算出列车在不一样速度下相对于列表计算出列车在不一样速度下相对于牵引、惰行、制动等三种工况时所受到牵引、惰行、制动等三种工况时所受到单位协力。单位协力。4第4页1)关系式关系式n 牵引运行单位协力牵引运行单位协力 (N/kN)n惰行时单位协力惰行时单位协力 (N/kN)n惯用制动单位协力惯用制动单位协力 (N/kN)5第5页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引123456789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制6第6页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.823456789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制7第7页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23456789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制8第8页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.818456789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制9第9页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.87656789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制10第10页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制11第11页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.92789惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制12第12页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.8089惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制13第13页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制14第14页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制15第15页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10c=-W0 103/(P+G)g=-w0 (N/kN)-1.05-1.05-1.14-1.26-1.41-1.43-1.46-1.54-1.58-1.64-1.73-1.78-2.01-2.27制制动动111213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制16第16页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10c=-W0 103/(P+G)g=-w0 (N/kN)-1.05-1.05-1.14-1.26-1.41-1.43-1.46-1.54-1.58-1.64-1.73-1.78-2.01-2.27制制动动110.3770.2230.1820.1630.1530.1520.1500.1470.1460.1440.1420.1410.1370.1341213SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制17第17页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10c=-W0 103/(P+G)g=-w0 (N/kN)-1.05-1.05-1.14-1.26-1.41-1.43-1.46-1.54-1.58-1.64-1.73-1.78-2.01-2.27制制动动110.3770.2230.1820.1630.1530.1520.1500.1470.1460.1440.1420.1410.1370.13412b=1000 h h (N/kN)105.6062.3751.0045.7542.7342.4542.0641.1240.7740.3239.7139.3938.3737.5813SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制18第18页工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=Fy-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10c=-W0 103/(P+G)g=-w0 (N/kN)-1.05-1.05-1.14-1.26-1.41-1.43-1.46-1.54-1.58-1.64-1.73-1.78-2.01-2.27制制动动110.3770.2230.1820.1630.1530.1520.1500.1470.1460.1440.1420.1410.1370.13412b=1000 h h (N/kN)105.6062.3751.0045.7542.7342.4542.0641.1240.7740.3239.7139.3938.3737.5813 c=-(0.5b+w0)(N/kN)-53.8-32.2-26.6-24.1-22.8-22.7-22.5-22.1-22.0-21.8-21.6-21.5-21.2-21.1SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦协力曲线计算方法及绘制协力曲线计算方法及绘制19第19页n协力曲线图协力曲线图20第20页二、单位协力曲线图应用二、单位协力曲线图应用 1)考虑加算坡道影响考虑加算坡道影响 n方法：将速度坐标轴方法：将速度坐标轴ov向上向上(ij为正时为正时)或或向下向下(ij为负时为负时)平移平移ij值值(因为因为wjij)。n速度坐标轴平移后，曲线上各点单位协速度坐标轴平移后，曲线上各点单位协力力c值即发生了对应增减。值即发生了对应增减。21第21页n协力曲线图协力曲线图22第22页2)确定列车在各坡道上均衡速度确定列车在各坡道上均衡速度n定义：列车上协力定义：列车上协力c c=0=0速度称为速度称为均衡速均衡速度度。n曲线图曲线图23第23页n协力曲线图协力曲线图24第24页3)判断列车运动状态判断列车运动状态 n由单位协力曲线图分析列车在某种工况和由单位协力曲线图分析列车在某种工况和速度时运动状态：速度时运动状态：加速、减速或匀速加速、减速或匀速。(1)依据协力值判断。依据协力值判断。(2)依据均衡速度判断。依据均衡速度判断。n在牵引或惰行工况时，不论什么坡道，列在牵引或惰行工况时，不论什么坡道，列车速度总是趋向于该工况均衡速度。车速度总是趋向于该工况均衡速度。n惯用制开工况均衡速度惯用制开工况均衡速度v均均是很不稳定。是很不稳定。25第25页n协力曲线图协力曲线图26第26页三、惯用制动限速三、惯用制动限速 n惯用制动均衡速度实质上是因制动而受惯用制动均衡速度实质上是因制动而受限制最高允许速度，它也是一个制动限限制最高允许速度，它也是一个制动限速，称为惯用制动限速。速，称为惯用制动限速。n紧急制动限速：按计算制动距离标准计紧急制动限速：按计算制动距离标准计算紧急停车所允许最高速度算紧急停车所允许最高速度 。27第27页2 列车运动方程列车运动方程n依据动能定律：系统动能微分等于作用依据动能定律：系统动能微分等于作用于该系统协力微功，能够导出列车运动于该系统协力微功，能够导出列车运动微分方程式。微分方程式。n依据动能增量和协力功相等。依据动能增量和协力功相等。n计算公式：计算公式：Ek mv2/2+I2/2 nWf CSCVtnEk Wf 28第28页列车运动方程列车运动方程n由动能动量定理可得：由动能动量定理可得：ndv/dt =120c (kmh2)n或或 dv/dt =2c (km(hmin)n或或 dv/dt =c/30 (km(hs)29第29页列车运动方程列车运动方程又：又：(h)n对对上上式式两两边边积积分分，便便得得到到求求解解列列车车运运行行时分方程：时分方程：n (h)n考虑到考虑到 (km)n对对上上式式积积分分，即即得得到到求求解解列列车车运运行行距距离离方程：方程：n (km)30第30页n在实际计算时，通常在实际计算时，通常采取简化方法：采取简化方法：n把列车速度范围划分把列车速度范围划分为若干个为若干个速度间隔速度间隔，n并假定在每个速度间并假定在每个速度间隔内单位协力为隔内单位协力为常数常数，等于该速度间隔内平均等于该速度间隔内平均速度所对应单位协力速度所对应单位协力cp。列车运动方程列车运动方程31第31页列车运动方程列车运动方程n所以所以n (h)n n列车在每个速度间隔内运行时间列车在每个速度间隔内运行时间n (h)32第32页n同理，同理，n (km)n因而列车在每个速度间隔内运行距离因而列车在每个速度间隔内运行距离S为：为：n (km)(m)列车运动方程列车运动方程33第33页3 列车速度时分曲线计算列车速度时分曲线计算(分析法分析法)n例例：SS1型电力机车牵引型电力机车牵引G=3000t重货物重货物列车，在如图所表示区间运行，计算经列车，在如图所表示区间运行，计算经过甲乙车站时运行时分。过甲乙车站时运行时分。0500810005900012006800甲甲乙乙34第34页SS1型电力机车单位协力计算表型电力机车单位协力计算表P=138t,G=3000t,h=0.28,滚动轴承重车滚动轴承重车,v0=80km/h,中磷闸瓦中磷闸瓦工工况况栏栏号号项目项目速度速度01020304041.24347.95052.957.4607080牵牵引引1F (kN)415.2415.2387.4372.7363.6363.0301.2272.7261.6246.9224.6204.0149.1115.82Fy=0.9F (kN)373.7373.7348.7335.4327.2326.7271.1245.4235.4222.2202.1183.6134.2104.23w0=2.25+0.0190v+0.000320v2 (N/kN)2.4722.4722.7583.1083.5223.5763.6593.8944.0004.1514.3954.5425.1485.8184W0=(P w0)g10-3 (kN)3.3473.3473.7344.2084.7684.8414.9535.2725.4155.6195.956.1496.9697.8765w0=0.92+0.0048v+0.000125v2 (N/kN)0.9810.9811.0661.1771.3121.331.3581.4371.4731.5241.6071.6581.8692.1046W0=G w0g10-3 (kN)28.8628.8631.3734.6238.6139.1439.9542.2843.3444.8447.3048.7954.9961.927W0=W0+W0 (kN)32.2132.2135.1138.8343.3843.9844.9147.5548.7550.4653.2554.9461.9669.808C=F-W0 (kN)341.5341.5313.6296.6283.9282.7226.2197.9186.7171.7148.9128.772.234.49c=C103/(P+G)g (N/kN)11.0911.0910.199.6359.229.187.346.426.065.574.834.172.341.11惰惰行行10c=-W0 103/(P+G)g=-w0 (N/kN)-1.05-1.05-1.14-1.26-1.41-1.43-1.46-1.54-1.58-1.64-1.73-1.78-2.01-2.27制制动动110.3770.2230.1820.1630.1530.1520.1500.1470.1460.1440.1420.1410.1370.13412b=1000 h h (N/kN)105.6062.3751.0045.7542.7342.4542.0641.1240.7740.3239.7139.3938.3737.5813 c=-(0.5b+w0)(N/kN)-53.8-32.2-26.6-24.1-22.8-22.7-22.5-22.1-22.0-21.8-21.6-21.5-21.2-21.135第35页n协力曲线图协力曲线图36第36页分析法注意事项分析法注意事项n速度间隔普通取速度间隔普通取10整数倍，速度转折点整数倍，速度转折点要选取；要选取；n对应不一样坡度要移动协力曲线横轴；对应不一样坡度要移动协力曲线横轴；n注意限速，超出限速要改用其它工况；注意限速，超出限速要改用其它工况；n变坡点要试凑；变坡点要试凑；n试凑误差没有统一要求，普通在试凑误差没有统一要求，普通在2030m之间。之间。37第37页4 列车速度时分曲线绘制列车速度时分曲线绘制(图解法图解法)n图解法种类较多，惯用是图解法种类较多，惯用是垂直线垂直线法。法。n用用垂垂直直线线法法绘绘制制速速度度曲曲线线，是是依依据据列列车车单单位位协协力力曲曲线线c=f(v)，并并假假定定在在一一定定速速度度间间隔隔内内单单位位协协力力为为常常数数，用用画画垂垂直直线线方方法法，绘绘出出列列车车速度与运行距离关系曲线速度与运行距离关系曲线v=f(S)。n依据依据v=f(S)曲线，再用垂直线法，绘出运行时曲线，再用垂直线法，绘出运行时分与运行距离关系曲线分与运行距离关系曲线tf(S)。由。由t=f(S)曲线曲线可得出列车在区间运行所花费时间。可得出列车在区间运行所花费时间。38第38页(1)先先将将单单位位协协力力曲曲线线图图逆逆时时针针转转90，使使速速度度坐坐标标轴轴朝朝上上，成成为为纵纵坐坐标标轴轴，单单位位协力曲线坐标轴朝左，成为横坐标轴。协力曲线坐标轴朝左，成为横坐标轴。(2)在在图图右右方方绘绘上上v=f(S)曲曲线线图图两两个个坐坐标标轴轴：以以纵纵坐坐标标轴轴作作为为速速度度坐坐标标轴轴，横横坐坐标标作作为为距距离离坐坐标标轴轴，并并在在横横坐坐标标轴轴下下面面绘绘出出区间线路纵断面。区间线路纵断面。(3)将两图横坐标轴对齐。将两图横坐标轴对齐。一、速度曲线一、速度曲线v=f(S)绘制绘制39第39页序号序号名称名称单位单位百分比关系公式关系公式普通计算专题计算及专题计算及制动计算制动计算123451单位协力N/kNk mm代表代表1 N/kN61210122速度速度km/hm mm