初中英语语法冠词教案.doc

第4单元冠词（一）不定冠词a,an1表示人或事物的某一类(含义相当于一类事物的任何一个)例My father is a driver. Do you like an apple or a pear?She is a girl.A horse is an animal. An elephant is bigger than a horse.A monkey can climb trees.2a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。例a university， an hour， an honest boy 3用于表示数量、时间的名词前，表示“每一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。例The plan will be ready in a day or two.4 有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”时，须加不定冠词例a heavy snow, a strong wind, make a fire, have a good time5用于某些固定短语中例a lot of, in a hurry, leave a message, half an hour, a moment ago, have a rest （二）定冠词1特指某个或某些人或事物，或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提过的人或事物。例How do you like the film?I have got a picture. The picture is very nice. 2用于指世界上独一无二的事物。 例 the sun the moon the earthThe earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. 3定冠词the用于序数词前或表示方位的名词前和形容词最高级前或“same/only/very+名词”前。例the first the best in the south in the same classHe is the only person who knows the secret. 4用在形容词前表示一类人或事物。例The old The rich The poor The young etc. 5用于江湖、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前面。例the Yellow River, the Himalayas 6在复数姓氏前加the，表示某某一家人，常看成复数例The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. =The Brown family are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. The Smiths are watching TV. 7乐器名称前用定冠词the例play the piano, play the violin,John played the piano very well. 8在一些专有名词和习惯用语中常用定冠词the。例 the Great Wall, by the way, in the morning,the Peoples Republic of China, the White house （三）不用冠词的情况1专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词(一般指物质名词和抽象名词)前一般不用冠词。 例 in summer, in August, on Sunday, China, Grade Two, Mr. Li, Dr. Liu, meat2球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。 例in purple, in red, Japanese, Britain, play football, have breakfast3名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any, no等代词作定语时，不用冠词。4在表示家庭成员名称，称呼语，表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。5表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。 注意下列词组的区别： in fort of=一个物体在另一个物体的前面， in the front of=在一个整体里，特指前面部分； in hospital= 住院， in the hospital=在医院里； a number of children=许多小孩, The number of children =孩子的数量