高考3500词高频词汇详细讲解-(2).doc

高考3500词A（106）1. abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃abandon the baby/ child/ friendabandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hopeabandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于He abandoned himself to despair（绝望）.2. ability n. 能力; 才能the ability to walk 行走的能力to the best of ones ability 竭尽全力He completed the job to the best of his ability.3.abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的They thought his behavior was abnormal.反义词：normal4. aboard prep. adv.在船(飞机，火车)上，上船(飞机，轮船)all the people aboard 机上的人5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be about to do sth(when) 正要做某事，这时.I was about to go out when it began to rain.b) look about/around/roundc) How/What about询问情况或建议6 . above prep 在上面above all 首先;尤其7. abroad ad.到(在)国外a) go /study /live abroadb) at home and abroad在国内外8. absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ schoolThe decision was made in my absence.in the absence of 在缺少.条件下The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.9. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from 缺席.absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的10. absorb vt.1) 吸收，吸进(液体，气体等) 2) 理解，掌握absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energyabsorb information/ knowledgebe absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于.11. abuse v. / n. 滥用，谩骂abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权12. accept vt. 接受，承认accept the gift/invitation/planaccept sb/sth as13. access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library.accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public.14. accident n.事故，意外的事by accident/chance 偶然，无意中;不小心15. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompany sb. to the school/supermarketaccompany the singer on/at the pianoLightening（闪电）usually accompanies thunder.16. accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现accomplishment n. 成就，成绩accomplish the task/purpose/goaluuuuuuuuuuu17. according to 根据According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.18. accuse vt. 指控，指责accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告.19. accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的be/get/become accustomed to doingHe was soon accustomed to getting up early.20. ache vi./n 疼痛headache / toothacheMy back aches so much.21. achieve vt 达到;取得achieve success/victory/ones goal22. achievement n. 成就，业绩;完成(任务等)make great achievements23. acknowledge v. 承认，致谢It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases（温室气体）.Yaoming is acknowledged as/to be the best player in China.I acknowledged financial（财政的）support from the local government.24. across prep./adv. 穿过，横穿cross v. 穿过，横穿cross a streetcome/run across偶然碰到25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事act as 充当;扮演act out 把.表演出来26. action n. 行动take action to do sthput sth into action 把付诸实施27. active adj. 积极的;主动的take an active part in/be active in 积极参加28. activity n. 活动outdoor activities 户外运动29. actual a.实际的actually adv.in (actual) fact 实际上30. adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应adapt to change/the city lifeadapt oneself to the new surroundingsadapt the novel for a film31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说(that)add()to 添加add up 把加在一起add up to总计为; 总数为a) His illness added to our trouble.b) He added that he would come again.c) Please add these figures（数字）up.d) These numbers add up to 100.e) He added some salt to the water.32. address n.地址 vt.写地址;向.讲话(尤指演讲)address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信The letter was wrongly addressed.The president addressed the public.33. adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应adjust your speed/the volume（音量）/the cameraadjust to the dark/the single lifeadjust yourself to the student lifeadjustment n. 调整，调节34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕admire sb for sthI admire John for his courage.35. admit vt (admitted ,admitted)1) 承认admit ones mistakesadmit doing/having doneHe admitted having stolen the money.2) 准许(入场，入学，入会)admit sb to/intosb be admitted toHe has been admitted to Beijing University.36. adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳adopt a childthe adopted son/daughteradopt a new policy/a suggestion/a plan/an attitude37. advance vi. 推进，促进;前进advanced adj.先进的/ 高级的in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用have an advantage over 优于.to sbs advantage 对(某人)有利39. advertise vt. 为.做广告1)为做广告advertise a product2)登广告征求/寻找.advertise for a new sales manager40. advice n. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议take/follow/accept ones advice 接受某人的建议ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议a piece of advice 一条建议give sb some advice on sthadvise sb (not) to doadvise doingadvise that (should)+doOur teacher advised that we should study hard.41. affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等Smoking affects health.People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sthI cant afford a book/to buy the book43. afraid a. 害怕的;担心的be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做.be afraid of doing 害怕.She was afraid to go out alone at night.She was afraid of waking him up.44. against prep 对着，反对, 违背，靠着，迎着，衬着stand against the wall (靠墙站着)go against naturebe against sthThey are strongly against the plan.The pine tree were black against the morning sky.45. age n.年龄;时代 vi. 变老for ages 多年at an early ageat the age of of the same age=of an ageAfter his wifes death he aged quickly.46. agree vi. 同意;应允1)agree with同意agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对适宜”：The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。2)agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .3)agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。4) agree to do sthHe agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement6) I cant/couldnt agree more.47. ahead ad. 在前，向前ahead of time 提前go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧48. aid n. 援助;救护;辅助工具v. 帮助，促进first aid 急救in aid of 支持by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过的帮助come/go to ones aid 帮助某人aid (sb/sth) in/with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做.49. aim at 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. (向某方面)努力 Shes aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship. 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.50. alike adj. 相像的，十分相似的adv. 相似地，相同地We are alike in many ways.They tried to treat their children alike.51. alive a. 活着的，存在的catch alive 活捉keepalivebe alive with= be full ofThe lake was alive with fish.Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)52. allow v 准许，允许allow doing/sb to doallow for 把.考虑进去Has everything been allowed for in your plan?53. almost adv. 几乎，差不多Almost no one/nobody came to the party.There was almost no snow that winter.54. alone adj./adv. 单独，孤独1) 形容词She is alone at home. (她独自一人在家。)2) 副词I like to work alone. (我喜欢独自一人工作。)3) “只有，仅仅” The shoes alone cost $200.let /leave sb/sth alone 别打扰.let alone 更不用说lonely1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man/island.2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.55. aloud ad.大声地read aloud 大声朗读think aloud 自言自语56. amaze vt. 使惊奇/惊叹/惊异What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊异的amazing adj.令人惊奇的/惊异的57. amount n. 数额(尤指数量，大小等) vi. 总计，合计a large amount of=large amounts of +不可数名词amount to1) (数量上)达到，总计Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为1357个工作日。2)等于，意味着Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。58. amuse vt. 使发笑/愉快The funny drawings amused the kids.be amused by/at/with 被逗乐amuse oneself 自娱自乐The boys amused themselves by drawing.59. amusement n.1) 娱乐,发笑to ones amusement 让某人发笑They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily/angrier )be angry at (about) 因为.而生气be angry with sb 生某人的气61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布announce a decision/plan/intentionannounce sth to sbannounce thatAt the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.make an announcement62. announcement n. 通告，通知63. annoy vt. (使)烦恼be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth.What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.annoyed adj. 略感烦恼(生气)的annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的64. answer n/v.the answer to the questionanswer a question/the door/the phoneanswer for 对 负责You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.65. anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的; 担心的;渴望的，急切的be anxious about sth for sbbe anxious to do sth67. apologize v. 道歉，歉意apology n.道歉，歉意make an apology/apologies to sb for sthapologise to sb for sth68. appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求The design has appealed to people of all ages.I appeal to you to protect the environment.have/hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力lose ones appeal 失去吸引力69. appear1) vi. 出现，露面2) 系动词 似乎，好像appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎It appears (to sb) that /as if.He appeared to be happy in the news.It appears to me that he will win.It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。70. appearance n. 出现，露面;容貌judge by appearances 以貌取人71. application n.申请make an application for72. apply v. 申请;应用apply for 申请;请求apply sth to 运用，应用apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事73. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。He was appointed as chairman.2). 约定，确定Everyone got there at the appointed time.In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.74. appointment n.约定，任命make an appointment 约定，任命his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命75. appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激appreciate your concernappreciate doing sthappreciate your abilities/fine works of artId appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.76. approach1). v. 接近;靠近;走进As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.2). n. 接近;方法;途径;通路He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.77. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准approve of 赞成，同意approve of ones ideaHe doesnt approve of my leaving this year.approve the plan/ proposal 通过/批准计划/提议approval n.79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument1) argue for/against 赞成/反对2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事80. arise （arose arisen）vi.1) 出现，发生，产生A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。2)起床，起身，起立He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。81.argument n.1)争论，辩论have an argument with sb about/over sth2) 论点，论据a powerful argument against smoking82. armn. 手臂,支架 武器(复)arm in arm 手挽手take up arms 拿起武器vt. 以装备/武装起.来 armwithArmed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave.be armed to the teeth 全副武装83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来around the clock 昼夜不停地84.arrange vt. 安排，布置arrange an appointment 安排预约Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.arrangement n. 安排，布置make arrangements for85. arrest vt./n. 逮捕，拘捕He got arrested for careless driving.put/place sb under arrest 逮捕某人86. arrive v. arrival n. 到来;达到87. article n. 文章;东西;物品;冠词an article of clothing 一件衣服88. ashamed adj. 惭愧，害臊89. asleep adj. 睡着的，熟睡的(表语形容词)fall asleep 入睡He seems to be fast asleep.90. assist v. 帮助，协助assist sb. in doing/with sth.Well assist you in finding a place to live.She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.assistance n.technical/military assistance 技术/军事援助91. assume v. 假定，假设It is assumed that普遍认为.I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。assuming (that) 假设，假如assumption n.92.ashamed 感到羞愧的a) be ashamed of 为.感到羞愧c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧ashamed & shamefulashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊shameful 指事物或本身可耻不道德。He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.93. astonish v. 使震惊astonished 感到震惊的astonishing 令人震惊的94. attach v. 贴上，系上，附加attach to.95. attempt v./n. 试图，尝试attempt to do sthHe was charged with attempting to kill his wife.attempt sthThe plane crashed（坠毁）while attempting an emergency landing.make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍;出席，参加attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concertattend to sth处理，注意，照料I have a few other things to attend to.attend on sb 看护，照料97. attention n. 注意，关心pay ( much/no/little) attention to doing(sth)draw ones attention todoing(sth)fix ones attention/mind/eyes onattract ones attention98. attract v. 吸引，引起Like attracts like. 物以类聚99. available adj. 可利用的，可得到的，有效的100. average adj 平均的;普通的 n. 平均数on (the)average 平均I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。101.avoid v.避免，躲避avoid doing102. awake v. 唤醒;(awoke/ awoken)adj 醒着的Is he awake or asleep?awake to sth 意识到/醒悟到It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.103. award n.奖品 v.授予104. aware adj.意识到的be aware of.105. away adv.离开;远离keep away from 保持距离far away 在远处right away 立刻，马上give away 泄露，赠送106. awfuladj.可怕的; 糟糕的; 非常的; 极坏的adv.非常，极B（53）1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背back and forth 来回，往返 back to back 背靠背look back 回顾put back 放回去 turn ones back on 避开，不理睬2. backward adv.向后地 backward and forward 来来回回3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage 一件行李4. balance 1) n. 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose ones balancedisturb the balance of ones mind 余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.be/hang in the balance 未定的， 悬而未决的catch/throw sb. off balance 使.失去平衡； 使.不知所措 on balance 总的来说2）v. 保持平衡 （sth）on sth He balanced the cup on her knee.同等重视 balance A with/and B balance home life with career比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefitbalanced adj.平衡的 be on a balanced diet5. ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place under ban 对.加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做.6. bar 1) n. 条，块，障碍 a bar of chocolate/soap Being a woman was a bar to promotion（晋升）.2) vt. 封堵，阻止 All the doors and windows were barred.bar sb. from. bar players from drinking7. bargain n.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价Those shoes are a real bargain at such a l