高考3500词高频词汇详细讲解-(2).doc

高考3500词
A（106）
1. abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 
abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 
He abandoned himself to despair（绝望）.
2. ability n. 能力; 才能 
the ability to walk 行走的能力
to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力 
He completed the job to the best of his ability.
3.abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 
They thought his behavior was abnormal.
反义词：normal
4. aboard prep. adv.在船(飞机，火车)上，上船(飞机，轮船)
all the people aboard 机上的人
5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处
a) be about to do sth…(when) 正要做某事，这时......
I was about to go out when it began to rain.
b) look about/around/round 
c) How/What about…询问情况或建议
6 . above prep 在…上面 
above all 首先;尤其
7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 
a) go /study /live abroad 
b) at home and abroad在国内外
8. absence n. 不在，缺席
absence from work/ school 
The decision was made in my absence.
in the absence of 在缺少...…条件下 
The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 
be absent from 缺席......
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进(液体，气体等) 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
absorb information/ knowledge 
be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…...
11. abuse v. / n. 滥用，谩骂 
abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
12. accept vt. 接受，承认
accept the gift/invitation/plan 
accept sb/sth as…
13. access n.方法，通路，机会
The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high officials have access to the emperor.
We students have access to the school library.
accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的
Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事
by accident/chance 偶然，无意中;不小心
15. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 
accompany sb. to the school/supermarket
accompany the singer on/at the piano 
Lightening（闪电）usually accompanies thunder
16. accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现 
accomplishment n. 成就，成绩
accomplish the task/purpose/goaluuuuuuuuuuu
17. according to 根据 
According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. accuse vt. 指控，指责 
accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…...
19. accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的
be/get/become accustomed to doing 
He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n 疼痛
headache / toothache 
My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 达到;取得 
achieve success/victory/one’s goal
22. achievement n. 成就，业绩;完成(任务等) 
make great achievements
23. acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases（温室气体）.
Yaoming is acknowledged as/to be the best player in China.
I acknowledged financial（财政的）support from the local government.
24. across  prep./adv. 穿过，横穿 
cross  v. 穿过，横穿
cross a street
come/run across偶然碰到
25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事
act as 充当扮演 
act out 把…...表演出来
26. action n. 行动 
take action to do sth 
put sth into action 把…付诸实施
27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 
take an active part in/be active in 积极参加
28. activity n. 活动 
outdoor activities 户外运动
29. actual a.实际的 
actually adv. 
in (actual) fact 实际上
30. adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编  vt. 使适应 

adapt to change/the city life
adapt oneself to the new surroundings 
adapt the novel for a film 
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说(that)
add(…)to 添加 
add up 把…加在一起 
add up to总计为; 总数为
a) His illness added to our trouble. 
b) He added that he would come again.
c) Please add these figures（数字）up. 
d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址;向…...讲话(尤指演讲)
address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 
The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33. adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应 
adjust your speed/the volume（音量）/the camera
adjust to the dark/the single life 
adjust yourself to the student life 
adjustment n. 调整，调节
34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕
admire sb for sth 
I admire John for his courage.
35. admit vt (admitted ,admitted)
1) 承认 
admit one’s mistakes
admit doing/having done
He admitted having stolen the money.
2) 准许(入场，入学，入会) 
admit sb to/into→sb be admitted to
He has been admitted to Beijing University.
36. adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child 
the adopted son/daughter
adopt a new policy/a suggestion/a plan/an attitude
37. advance vi. 推进，促进;前进 
advanced adj.  先进的/ 高级的
in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker
38. advantage n. 优点好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用 
have an advantage over 优于…...
to sb’s advantage 对(某人)有利
39. advertise vt. 为…...做广告
1)为…做广告 
advertise a product 
2)登广告征求/寻找…...
advertise for a new sales manager
40. advice n. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议 
take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 
a piece of advice 一条建议
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do
advise doing
advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等
Smoking affects health. 
People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth 
I can’t afford a book/to buy the book
43. afraid a. 害怕的;担心的
be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…...
be afraid of doing 害怕...…
She was afraid to go out alone at night. 
She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 对着，反对, 违背，靠着，迎着，衬着
stand against the wall (靠墙站着) 
go against nature
be against sth 
They are strongly against the plan. 
The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
45. age n.年龄;时代 vi. 变老 
for ages 多年
at an early age
at the age of … 
of the same age=of an age 
After his wife’s death he aged quickly.
46. agree vi. 同意;应允
1)agree with 
①同意
agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.
②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：
The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2)agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
3)agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。
Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree to do sth 
He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 
6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 
ahead of time 提前 
go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧
48. aid n. 援助;救护;辅助工具 v. 帮助，促进 
first aid 急救 
in aid of 支持
by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助 
come/go to one’s aid 帮助某人
aid (sb/sth) in/with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…...
49. aim at
① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.
② (向某方面)努力 She's aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.
③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.
50. alike adj. 相像的，十分相似的 adv. 相似地，相同地  
We are alike in many ways.
They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 
catch …alive 活捉 
keep…alive 
be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish. 
Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)
52. allow v 准许，允许 
allow doing/sb to do
allow for 把......考虑进去 
Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv. 几乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody came to the party. 
There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj./adv. 单独，孤独
1) 形容词She is alone at home. (她独自一人在家。)
2) 副词I like to work alone. (我喜欢独自一人工作。)
3) “只有，仅仅” The shoes alone cost $200. 
let /leave sb/sth alone 别打扰......
let alone 更不用说
lonely
1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man/island.
2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely  
He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大声地 
read aloud 大声朗读
think aloud 自言自语
56. amaze vt. 使惊奇/惊叹/惊异
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊异的 
amazing adj.令人惊奇的/惊异的
57. amount n. 数额(尤指数量，大小等) vi. 总计，合计 
a large amount of=large amounts of +不可数名词 
amount to
1) (数量上)达到，总计
Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为1357个工作日。
2)等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58.  amuse vt. 使发笑/愉快 
The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/with 被…逗乐 
amuse oneself 自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves by drawing. 
59. amusement n. 
1) 娱乐,发笑 
to one’s amusement 让某人发笑
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。
2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements
60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily/angrier )
be angry at (about) 因为..…而生气 
be angry with sb 生某人的气
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision/plan/intention 
announce sth to sb 
announce that
At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
make an announcement
62. announcement n. 通告，通知
63. annoy vt. (使)烦恼 
be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth.
What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
annoyed adj. 略感烦恼(生气)的 
annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的

64. answer n/v. 
the answer to the question 
answer a question/the door/the phone
answer for 对… 负责 
You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.
65.  anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心
anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的; 担心的; 渴望的，急切的
be anxious about sth for sb
be anxious to do sth
67. apologize v. 道歉，歉意 
apology n.道歉，歉意　　
make an apology/apologies to sb for sth 
apologise to sb for sth
68. appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
The design has appealed to people of all ages. 
I appeal to you to protect the environment.
have/hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 
lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
69. appear 
1) vi. 出现，露面 
2) 系动词 似乎，好像 
appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎
It appears (to sb) that /as if... 
He appeared to be happy in the news.
It appears to me that he will win.
It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。
Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70. appearance n. 出现，露面;容貌 
judge by appearances 以貌取人
71. application n.申请 
make an application for
72. apply v. 申请;应用
apply for 申请;请求
apply sth to …运用，应用 
apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事
73. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定
1) 任命，委派
A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。 
He was appointed as chairman.
2). 约定，确定 
Everyone got there at the appointed time.
In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n.约定，任命
make an appointment 约定，任命
his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
75. appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激 
appreciate your concern 
appreciate doing sth
appreciate your abilities/fine works of art 
I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
76. approach 
1). v. 接近;靠近;走进
As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.
2). n. 接近;方法;途径;通路
He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.
His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
77. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 
approve of 赞成，同意 
approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. 
approve the plan/ proposal 通过/批准计划/提议
approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument 
1) argue for/against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事
80. arise （arose arisen）vi. 
1) 出现，发生，产生 
A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。
2)起床，起身，起立 
He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.argument n. 
1)争论，辩论 
have an argument with sb about/over sth
2) 论点，论据 
a powerful argument against smoking
82. arm
n. 手臂,支架 武器(复) 
arm in arm 手挽手 
take up arms 拿起武器
vt. 以…装备/武装起...来 arm…with…
Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. 
be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约
around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 
around the clock 昼夜不停地
84.arrange vt. 安排，布置
arrange an appointment 安排预约 
Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。
The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
arrangement n. 安排，布置 
make arrangements for…
85. arrest vt./n. 逮捕，拘捕 
He got arrested for careless driving.
put/place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
86. arrive v. arrival n. 到来;达到 

87. article n. 文章;东西;物品;冠词 
an article of clothing 一件衣服
88. ashamed adj. 惭愧，害臊
89. asleep adj. 睡着的，熟睡的(表语形容词) 
fall asleep 入睡 
He seems to be fast asleep.
90. assist v. 帮助，协助 
assist sb. in doing/with sth.
We’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. 
technical/military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. assume v. 假定，假设 
It is assumed that…普遍认为......
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assuming (that)… 假设，假如
assumption n.
92. ashamed 感到羞愧的　　
a) be ashamed of 为......感到羞愧 
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 
ashamed & shameful
ashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊
shameful 指事物或本身可耻不道德。 
He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
93. astonish v. 使震惊 
astonished 感到震惊的
astonishing 令人震惊的
94. attach v. 贴上，系上，附加
attach …to...
95. attempt v./n.  试图，尝试
attempt to do sth
He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth 
The plane crashed（坠毁）while attempting an emergency landing.
make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍;出席，参加 
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意，照料
I have a few other things to attend to.
attend on sb 看护，照料 
97. attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to doing(sth)
draw one’s attention to doing(sth)　　
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on
attract one’s attention
98. attract v. 吸引，引起 
Like attracts like. 物以类聚
99. available adj. 可利用的，可得到的，有效的

100. average adj 平均的;普通的 n. 平均数 
on (the)average 平均
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101. avoid v.避免，躲避
avoid doing
102. awake v. 唤醒;(awoke/ awoken) adj 醒着的
Is he awake or asleep? 
awake to sth 意识到/醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. 
103. award n.奖品  v.授予
104. aware adj.意识到的 
be aware of...
105. away adv.离开;远离 
keep away from 保持距离
far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上
give away 泄露，赠送
106. awful adj.可怕的; 糟糕的; 非常的; 极坏的 adv.非常，极　

B（53）
1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背
back and forth 来回，往返
back to back 背靠背
look back 回顾
put back 放回去
turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
2. backward adv.向后地
backward and forward 来来回回
3. baggage n.行李
a piece of/an article of baggage 一件行李
4. balance
1) n. ① 平衡
keep a balance (between A and B)
lose one’s balance
disturb the balance of one’s mind
② 余额 (常用单数）
check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）
The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
be/hang in the balance 未定的， 悬而未决的
catch/throw sb. off balance 使...…失去平衡； 使…...不知所措
on balance 总的来说
2）v. ①保持平衡
~（sth）on sth
He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视
balance A with/and B
balance home life with career
③比较权衡
balance A against B
balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj.平衡的
be on a balanced diet
5. ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔
a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…...加以禁止
ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做....
6. bar
1) n. 条，块，障碍
a bar of chocolate/soap
Being a woman was a bar to promotion（晋升）.
2) vt. 封堵，阻止
All the doors and windows were barred.
bar sb. from...
bar players from drinking
7. bargain n.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价
Those shoes are a real bargain at such a l