1、Unit 1 Asia 知识点归纳汇总讲解Comic1. Wow, the Great Wall is amazing, isnt it? 哇,长城真是令人惊叹,不是吗?(1)此句是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句的几个特殊形式: 不定代词everyone,someone,somebody,everybody等作陈述句的主语时,附加问句的主语在正式语体中用he,在非正式语体中用they。例:Someone went home, didnt he/they? 有人回家了,不是吗? this,that,something,everything,anything,nothing以及动词不定式(短语)、现在
2、分词(短语)等作陈述句的主语时,附加问句的主语常用it。例:This isnt a good book, is it? 这不是一本好书,是吗?Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都准备好了,不是吗? 当陈述句中出现had better时,附加问句用 hadnt。例:Youd better ask the policeman, hadnt you? 你最好问问警察,好不好? 当陈述句中带有never,hardly,few,little,nothing,nobody,none等这类否定词时,附加问句要用肯定形式。例:Theyve never been there bef
3、ore, have they? 他们以前从未去过那里,是吗? 当陈述部分为祈使句时,附加问句一般用“will you?”。例:Open the window, will you? 把窗户打开,好吗? 以Lets(包括听话人在内)开头的祈使句,附加问句常用“shall we?”;但以Let us(不包括听话人在内)开头的祈使句,附加问句常用“will you?”。例:Lets meet outside the school gate, shall we? 咱们在学校大门外见面,好吗?Let us go swimming, will you? 让我们去游泳,好吗? There be句型中的附加问句
4、用“be there/be not there?”。例:There is little milk in the glass, is there? 玻璃杯里几乎没有牛奶,是吗? 当陈述句部分是“I think/believe. + that从句”时,附加问句的主语和谓语应与从句的人称、数和时态保持一致。例:I think she is right, isnt she? 我认为她是对的,不是吗?(2)amazing是形容词,意为“令人惊讶的”,含主动意味。如果有些事情发生得出乎意料,难以置信,也可以用amazing来形容。Its just an amazing journey. 这是一个奇妙的旅程
5、。【注意】 amazed adj. (某人)感到惊奇的,含被动意味。重用词组:be amazed by/at 意为“对感到惊奇”。 amazing修饰物,而amazed与人连用。例:We are all amazed at the amazing views here. 我们都对这里令人惊奇的风景感到惊讶。【拓展】 amaze vt. 使惊得;使惊讶。例:He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他通过了驾驶考试使每个人都惊讶。 amazement n. 惊奇;惊愕;惊讶。例:She looked at him in amazement.
6、她惊愕地望着他。2. Its tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt. 爬台阶太累了,我的脚疼。(1)tiring是形容词,意为“使人疲劳的;累人的”。例:Its very tiring work. 这是很累人的工作。【辨析】tiring,tiredtiring意为“使人疲劳的”,表示主动意义,一般用来修饰事物,表示事物的性质或特征。tired意为“感到疲劳的”,表示被动意义,主语一般是表示人的名词或代词,常构成系表结构。类似的形容词有:amazing/amazed;exciting/excited;boring/bored;interesting
7、/interested。【拓展】 tire vt. 使疲倦,使厌烦;vi. 疲劳,厌倦。例:He felt he would never tire of listening to her stories. 他觉得他永远也不会厌倦听她的故事。 tireless adj. 不知疲倦的,不疲劳的 tireless work孜孜不倦的工作【固定搭配】be tired with 因而疲劳be tired of. 对感到厌烦(2)hurt(hurt,hurt,hurting,hurts) vt.使受伤,损害。例:Shehurtherselfwhenshefelldown.她跌倒时伤了自己。Shehurtm
8、yfeelings.她伤害了我的感情。 vi.感到疼。例:Myleghurts.我的腿很疼。 n. 痛苦。例:Theexperienceleftmewithafeelingofdeephurt.这段经历给我心灵留下了严重的创伤。3. Im taking a rest. 我要休息一下。此处是用现在进行时表示即将进行的动作,即说话之前已经计划好的事情。英语中,一些表示位 置移动的动词(如:go,come,leave,stay,arrive,fly,start,begin,plan,move,walk,ride,drive,take等)通常用现在进行时来表示已经计划好的、将要发生或即将发生的动作。例
9、:The Blacks are leaving for Beijing. 布莱克一家要动身去北京。I hear you are driving to Suzhou for your holiday. 我听说你要驾车去苏州度假。4. Theres still a long way to go. 仍然有很长的一段路要走。(1)still adv. 仍然,仍旧,还是。例:Theres still time to change your mind. 还有时间改变你的想法。(2)stilladj. 静止的,平静的,寂静的。例:Keep still while I comb your hair. 我给你梳
10、头时你不要动。(3)still v. 静止,平静,安静。例:The wind stilled. 风停了。【固定搭配】still less更不必说;still more还有(更多)。例:I cant speak English, still less Japanese. 我不会说英语,更别说日语了。There was still more bad news to come. 随后还传来了更多的坏消息。【注意】still用于肯定句中;yet用于否定句和疑问句中。He is still a child. 他还是个孩子。He is not yet an adult. 他尚未成年。5. Wed bett
11、er keep moving. 我们最好继续前进。(1)had better意为“最好”,常用来表示对别人的建议、劝告或表达一种愿望。had better后接动词原形,其否定式为had better not do sth.,意为“最好不要做某事”。had better可与前面的代词缩写为d better。例:Youd better go to school at once. 你最好立即去上学。(2)keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”,相当于 keep on doing sth.。例:He kept (on) coughing last night. 他昨晚一直在咳嗽。
12、【固定搭配】 keep busy 保持忙碌keep healthy/fit 保持健康keep together 待在一起keep safe 保证安全keep up with 跟上keep off 使避开,不接近keep out (of) 关在外面,不让进入keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. /sth. doing sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事keep sb. /sth. done 使某人/某事被keep sb. /sth. + adj. 保持某人/某物6. Wake me up on your way back. 在你返回的路上把我叫醒。wak
13、e up意为“叫醒,唤醒,醒来”,是“动词+副词”型短语,当宾语是名词时,宾语放在up前后均可;但当宾语是副词时,宾语只能放在wake和up 之间。例:Please wake Tom up at 7 oclock = Please wake up Tom at 7 oclock. 请在7点钟叫醒汤姆。Your dad is sleeping. Dont wake him up. 你的爸爸在睡觉,别叫醒他。【拓展】常见的含up的短语有:pick up 检起give up 放弃put up 举起,搭建eat up 吃完,吃光look up 向上看,查阅move up 向上移动open up 开启,
14、打开set up 建立,设立wash up (饭后)洗餐具clean up 清理pull up 拔出Welcome to the unit1. Im planning to travel around China. 我正在计划游遍中国。plan是及物动词,意为“计划”。plan to do sth. 意为“计划做某事”,动词不定式to do sth.作动词 plan的宾语。例:Where do you plan to spend this weekend? 你打算在哪里度过这个周末?【拓展】(1)plan n. 计划,打算。常用结构:make a plan制订计划。例:We should ma
15、ke a plan for our study. 我们应该为学习制订一个计划。(2)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词还有:ask,like,love,want,decide,hope,wish,need,help,remember,forget,try,expect,begin,agree,offer,refuse,would like等。例:I dont like to be late for school. 我不喜欢上学迟到。We all want to have a try. 我们都想试一试。2. Since you are in Beijing now, why dont you start
16、 from here? 既然你现在在北京,为什么不从这里开始呢?(1)since是连词,意为“由于,既然”,相当于 because或now that,用来引导原因状语从句,说明原因。例:Since you are so sure of it,hell believe you. 既然你对此这么有把握,他会相信你的。【拓展】 since conj. 自从,自从以来,用来引导时间状语或状语从句。例:I have been here since three oclock this afternoon. 从今天下午3点起,我一直待在这儿。 【辨析】because,since,as,forbecause因
17、为引起主句结果的直接原 因,一般位于主句之后,常用于回答why引起的 问句。since既然表示已经知晓、无需加以说明的原因或事实,也可以表示自然结果,常置于句首。as由于,鉴于主从并重,从句说明原因,主句说明结果。for因为用作并列连词,不表示直 接原因,表明附加或推断的理由,常置于主句之后。例:He was late for school because he got up late. 因为他起床晚了,所以他上学迟到了。Since you ask, I will tell you. 既然你问了,我就告诉你吧。As everybody is here, we can set off. 由于人到
18、齐了,我们可以出发了。I must go now, for my sister is waiting for me. 我现在得走了,我姐姐在等我呢。(2)Why dont you.?意为“你为什么不呢?”,常用来提出建议,后接动词原形,相当于“Why not?”。Why dont you/ Why not go fishing with me this weekend? 这个周末你为什么不和我一起去钓鱼呢? 【拓展】英语中表示建议或征询对方意见的方法有多种,现归纳如下: 当主语是第一人称I或we时,我们可以用 “Shall I/ we+ 动词原形?”来提出建议或征求对方意见,意为“我(们)好吗
19、? ”。例:Shall we go to the zoo to see the pandas? 我们去动物园看熊猫好吗?Shall he carry the box for you? 让他替你拿这只箱子,好吗? 用“Lets+动词原形”来提出自己的建议,意 为“让咱/我们做吧!”,或用“Lets+动词原形,OK/ all right/ right/ shall we?”来征求对方的意见和看法,意为“咱们做,好/行吗? ”。例:Lets make it half past seven. 咱们定在七点半吧。Lets meet outside the school gate, OK? 我们在校门外集
20、合,好吗? 用“What/How abont +名词、代词或动词-ing形式? ”来提出建议、征求对方意见、询问对方的看法等,意为“怎么样? ”。例:What/How about playing football after school? 放学后踢足球怎么样? 用“Whatdo you think of.?”或“How do you like?”来询问别人的意见,意为“你认为怎么样? ”。例:What do you think of the people here? 你觉得这儿的人怎么样? 用“Wouldyou like+名词或动词不定式?”来征求对方的意见,意为“你想要吗? ”。例:Wou
21、ld you like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival? 中秋节你来我家好吗? 用“Will/Wouldyou please +动词原形?”来提出看法,意为“请你好吗?”。例:Would you please open the window? 请你把窗户打开好吗? “Help yourself/ yourselves to十食物或饮料”意为“请随便吃/喝”,这是就餐时主人向客人提出建议的常用语。例:Help yourselves to some dumplings, children. 孩子们,请随便吃些饺子。 用“Youdbet
22、ter (not) +动词原形”来提出委婉的建议,意为“你最好(不要)做”。例:Youd better take a bus. 你最好乘公共汽车去。 用“Dont+动词原形”来表示语气强烈的看法,意为“不要做”。例:Dont feed the animals in the zoo. 在动物园里不要喂那些动物。3. Thank you for your suggestions. 感谢你的建议。suggestion作名词,意为“建议,意见”,是可数名词。例:Daniel came out with a most useful suggestion. 丹尼尔提出了一个非常有用的建议。【拓展】 sug
23、gest vt. 建议,提议。常用结构:suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事;suggest (sb.s) doing sth.意为“建议(某人)做某事”。例:I suggested going there by bike. 我建议骑车去那儿。He suggested a visit to his farm to us. 他建议我们去他的农场参观。【辨析】suggestion,advice,advisesuggestion和advice都是名词,但前者是可数名词,而advice是不可数名词,a suggestion相当于a piece of advice, some sugg
24、estions相当于some advice。advise是动词,意为“建议,向提出建议”,advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。例:The doctor advised my father to stop smoking. 医生建议我父亲戒烟。I shall act as you advise. 我将按你的建议去做。Reading1. In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City. 在北京古城的中部是故宫博物院,也叫紫
25、禁城。middle是名词,意为“中间,中央”。in the middle of意为“在中间”,既可用于空间,也可用于时间或活动等。例:At the age of 18 he graduated from middle school. 他18岁时中学毕业。A dog is lying in the middle of the road. 一条狗正躺在路中间。【辨析】middle,centremiddle指长形物的中央、道路两侧的中间 或某期间,表示的位置没有centre 精确,只与介词in连用。centre指圆、球或城市的中心,只用于空间,可与介词in或at连用。2. The emperors
26、of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there. 明朝和清朝的皇帝们过去居住在那里。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,通常指过去的习惯动作。例:My grandparents used to walk after supper. 我的爷爷奶奶过去经常在晚饭后散步。【辨析】used to do sth.,be used to do sth.,be used to doing sth.used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,指过去经常做而现在不做了,是一般过去时。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做
27、某事”,相当于 be used for doing sth.,是被动结构。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”,可用于任何时态,其中的to 是介词,后接名词或动 词-ing形式。例:I used to get up late, but now Im used to getting up early every day. 我过去常常晚起,但现在我习惯 于每天早起。Computers can be used to play games.= Computers can be used for playing games. 电脑可以用来玩游戏。3. It was turned
28、 into a museum in 1925. 在1925年,它被改造成了博物馆。turn. into 相当于change. into.,意为“把变成”。例:Ice can be turned/ changed into water. 冰可以变成水。【拓展】含turn的短语还有:turn on 打开turn off 关掉turn up 开大turn down 把关小turn to转到,把转向(to是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式等)turn left/ right 向左/右转turn over 翻转turn around 转向,转过去turn in 上交take ones turn
29、轮流by turns 轮流地。4. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit. 它里面有令人惊叹的建筑和艺术珍品,很值得参观。worth是形容词,意为“有价值,值钱”,其后可接名词,但在接动词时,应用该动词 的-ing形式或该动词不定式的被动形式,即be worth doing sth.或 be worth to be done,意为“值得做”。例:If you answer the question correctly, its worth two points. 答对了这道题可以得
30、2分。The mobile is worth buying/ to be bought. 这部手机值得买。【拓展】 (1)worth是表语形容词,不可以放在名词前作定语。表示“很值得”应用副词well修饰worth,不可用too,very,quite等副词修饰。例:The coat is well worth buying. 这件外套很值得买。 (2)be worth后的动词-ing形式表示的动作常带有含蓄性和泛指性,其前一般不用形容词性物主代词。例:这本书值得一看。误 The book is worth our reading.正 The book is worth reading.(2)b
31、e worth后的动词如果是不及物动词,其后应加上适当的介词。例:His speech is well worth listening to. 他的演讲很值得一听。5. Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag. 许多游客喜欢在清晨聚 集在那里看升国旗。(1)tourist是可数名词,意为“旅游者,观光者”。例:Suzhou is full of tourists all the year round. 苏州全年满是观光者。【拓展】tour
32、n. 旅行,观光,参观;v. 旅行,观光,参观;tourer n. 游客,游览车。【辨析】trip,travel,journey,tourtrip常指短距离的旅游或往返的旅行。travel常用于口语中,指到远方去的或长期的旅行。journey常指远距离的陆地旅游,较为正式。tour指“周游”途中在许多地方做短暂性 停留的观光旅游。例:I made many new friends during the trip. 这次旅行中我结交了许多新朋友。Do you still remember the travel in Australia? 你还记得澳大利亚之旅吗?They decided to m
33、ake a journey to the northwest of China. 他们决定到中国西北地区去旅游。Do you have a morning tour? 你们有上午的观光游吗?(2)句中动词不定式短语 to watch the raising of the national flag 作目的状语。例:The teacher spoke loudly enough to make the students hear what he said. 老师说话声音足够大,以 使学生们听到他的话。(3)raising是名词,意为“升髙”。例:He is watching the raisin
34、g of the balloon. 他正在观看气球的升高。【拓展】 raise vt. 筹集,招募,相当于collect。常用结构:raise for.意为“为筹集”。例:We are raising books and clothes for the students in poor areas. 我们正在为贫困地区的学生筹集书籍和衣物。I will raise enough money for my holiday. 我将筹够钱去度假。 raise vt. & vi. 举起,抬起,提高;养育,种植。例:If you have any question, raise your hand, p
35、lease. 如果你有问题,请举手。Do you know how people in the south raise rice? 你知道南方人如何种植水稻吗?【辨析】raise,riseraise是及物动词,意为“举起,升高,提高”,主要指借助外力在原有基础上的升高。rise是不及物动词,意为“升起,上涨”,主要指凭借自身力量由低到高移动,常用来表示一些自然现象和价格等的上涨。6. Another famous attraction is the Great Wall. 另一个著名景点是长城。attraction是名词,意为“吸引,吸引力,吸引人的事物”。例:My favourite att
36、raction is Lijiang River. 我最喜欢的名胜是漓江。【拓展】(1)attract v. 吸引(某人的注意力、兴趣、情感等),引起(兴趣、关注等),使喜爱,后面的宾语可以是人,也可以是物;如果与介词to连用,则表示“把吸引到”。例:The teacher attracts his students because of his excellent teaching. 这位老师吸引他的学生是因为他 出色的教学。(2)attractive adj. 有吸引力的,吸引人的,有魅力的,引人注目的。例:She is a very attractive lady. 她是一位非常有魅力的
37、女士。7. It is one of the wonders of the world. 它是世界奇观之一。(1)one of.意为“中的一个,之一”,其中的one可指人,也可指物,介词of后接复数名词或代词;当名词前有形容词修饰时,常用形容词的最高级形式。该短语作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式。例:Sun Yue is one of the best basketball players in China. 在中国孙悦是最好的篮球运动员之一。One of them is for you, David. 大卫,它们中的一个是给你的。(2)wonder是可数名词,意为“奇迹”。例:the Seve
38、n Wonders of the World 世界七大奇迹【拓展】 wonder n. 惊奇,惊叹,惊异,是不可数名词。例:The whole film is full of wonder. 整部电影充满了惊奇。 wonder v. 想知道,觉得奇怪,其后可接宾语从句,相当于want to know;也可接介词at/about构成wonder at/about,意为“对感到惊讶”。例:I wonder ( = want to know) how you knew the answer. 我想知道你是怎样知道答案的。Sometimes I wonder at/about Daniels beha
39、viour. 有时,我对丹尼尔的行为感到惊讶。 wonderful adj. 极好的,美妙的。例:What a wonderful present! 多好的礼物啊! wonderfully adv. 极好地,精彩地。例:The young trees grow wonderfully. 这些小树长得极好。8. It lies on the two sides of Lijiang River. 它位于漓江的两岸。lie是动词,意为“位于”,相当于be或stand,其 过去式是lay,过去分词是lain。例:Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。【拓
40、展】(1)lie vi. 认躺,平卧,其现在分词形式是 lying,过去式是lay,过去分词是lain。常用结构:lie on. 意为“躺在上面”。例:He often lies on bed to read. 他经常躺在床上看书。(2)lie vt. & vi. 说谎,撒说,其过去式和过去分词都是lied;lie作名词,意为“谎言,谎话”,tell a lie 意为“说谎”。例:Lies cant cover the facts. 谎言掩盖不了事实。(3)lay vt. 放;产(卵),下(蛋)。例:The hen lays an egg every day. 这只母鸡每天产一只蛋。9. Ma
41、ny visitors come and visit Guilin because of its fantastic landscape. 许多参观者来到桂林是因为它的奇异景色。because of是介词短语,意为“由于,因为”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,引导原因状语,可置于句首或句末。例:I cant go to school because of sickness. 我因病不能上学。【拓展】because是连词,意为“因为”,常引导原因状语从句,用来回答why的提问,或解释原因。例:He didnt go to school today because he was ill.= H
42、e didnt go to school today because of his illness. 他今天因为生病没有去上学。10. some hang down, and others point upwards. ,有的向下悬垂,还有一些向上伸展。(1)hang是动词,意为“垂下,悬挂”。例:My mother hung the washing on the line to dry. 我的母亲把洗好的衣服挂在绳子上晾干。【拓展】hang vt. & vi. 上吊,绞死。例:He hanged himself two hours after arriving at a mental hos
43、pital. 他到达精神病院两小时后上吊自 杀了。(2)point是不及物动词,意为“指,指向”。例:I asked him where the post office was and he pointed across the street. 我问他邮局在哪里,他指向 大街的对面。Its rude to point at others with your fingers. 用手指指着别人是不礼貌的。【固定搭配】point at 指着(近处)point to 指向(远处)point out 指出,指明【拓展】point n. 点,小数点,要点,尖端,(体育 比赛中的)得分,是可数名词;poin
44、ted adj.尖的,尖锐的,明确的;pointedly adv. 尖锐地,明确地。例:Our team scored six points in the game. 在比赛中我们队获得了 6分。He said, pointedly, your idea was not right. 他尖锐地说出你的想法是不对的。11. I hope you can visit my city one day! 我希望有一天你能参观我的城市!句中one day意为“有一天,有朝一日”,指将来的某一天。one day也可以用来表示过去的“某一天”,一般用于讲故事或叙述过去的事情,且放在句子开头。例:You wi
45、ll understand what I said one day. 总有一天你会明白我所说的话的。One day, a boy got lost on his way home. 有一天,一个男孩在回家的路上迷路了。12.Guilin is in eastern China. 桂林在中国东部。eastern是形容词,意为“东部的,东方的”。例:Shanghai is an eastern city in China. 上海是中国的一个东方之城。【拓展】表示方位的名词和形容词对应如下:eastn.东方easternadj.东方的,东部的westn.西方westernadj.西方的,西部的sou
46、thn.南方southernadj.南方的,南部的northn.北方northernadj.北方的,北部的例:Hainan lies in southern China. 海南位于中国南部。13. Guilin is famous for its beautiful landscape. 桂林以其美丽的景色而著称。be famous for意为“因/以而著名”,相当于 be well-known for。例:Suzhou is famous for its silk. 苏州以它的丝绸而闻名。【辨析】be famous for,be famous as,be famous tobe famous for意为“以/因著名/出名/闻名”, for表示人或物之所以闻名的原因, 其后常接表示特点、特长的名词。be famous as意为“以(身份)而著名”,as 后接表示职业的名词。be famous to意为“对来说是著名的”,to 后常接人。例:Gong Li is famous for her fine acting. 巩俐以她的精湛演技而著称。Qi Baishi was famous as an artist in the world. 齐白石作为画