英语16种时态表格.doc

英语共有16种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。另外四种时态较少使用。
一般现在时与一般过去时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
一般现在时
1 be动词用am/is/are表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。
sometimes;often；usually;every…；always;never;once/twice/… a week/month/year；on Sundays/Mondays/…。；
一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态
2行为动词用V原形或V—s/es，引导疑问句和否定句，用do或don’t；第三人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es。
一般过去时。
1．be动词用过去式was或 were表示。
yesterday；the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/….；… ago;a moment ago;just now；on/in+过去的时间;
在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
2行为动词用V—ed，陈述句,疑问句和否定句借助于did,有did出现动词用原形。
一般将来时与过去将来时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法

一般将来时
1 任何人称+will+V原形。
tomorrow,
the day after tomorrow；
soon;
next week/month/year/。。。;
the week/month/year/。。。 after next；
on/in +将来的时间;
in+一段时间；。
即将发生动作或状态。
陈述句:I will fly to HongKong tomorrow。
He will go with us。
We will arrive in Shanghai next week。
否定句:I will never believe you again.
He will not come tonight。
We will not buy a car next year.
一般疑问句:Will you go there by train？
Will he come tomorrow?
Will they live a five—star hotel？
2 is/am/are+going to+V原形,表示计划打算做什么事情.
陈述句:I’m going to go to Hongkong by air.　
否定句：We are not going to buy a house here。
一般疑问句：Are they going to change their jobs？　
特殊疑问句：How are you going to tell him?
过去将来时
was/were going to +V原形
多用在宾语从句中
在过去将会发生的动作.
陈述句：I was going to buy a computer.
They told me that they were not going to go abroad。
否定句：I was not going to buy a computer。
任何人称+would +V原形
He said he would come in in Shanghai。　
I said I would buy you a car one day.
现在进行时、过去进行时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法

现在进行时
is/am/are+V-ing　
now;
at present；
at the moment；
Look!(放在句首）;
Listen! （放在句首）；
表示现在（ 指说话人说话时） 正在发生的事情。
陈述句：I'm waiting for my boy friend。
He is doing the housework at home now。
We are enjoying ourselves.
否定句：He is not playing toys。
一般疑问句：Are you having dinner at home？
Is Tim cooking in the kitchen？
特殊疑问句：What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal?
过去进行时
was/were+V—ing
at that time；
at this time yesterday；
at+时间点+yesterday/last night；
at that moment;
过去一段时间正在发生的动作。
陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time.
We were having a party while he was sleeping。
否定句：He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句： Were you watching TV at that time?
特殊疑问句： What were you doing at that moment？
现在完成时、过去完成时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法

现在完成时
have/has+ p.p（过去分词）
already；just；before;
yet（否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/…
for+一段时间；
since +时间点;
since+一段时间+ago;
by+现在时间;
so far; up to now; till now; until now;
recently/lately；
during/over/in thepast/last….
用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系.动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。简单的说,就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。
陈述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter。
He has lived here for nearly 10 years。
否定句:I haven’t finished my homework..
Tim hasn’t come yet.
We haven't heard any news about him
一般疑问句： Has he worked here since he came here?
特殊疑问句： How long have you worked in this company？
特别注意：
1. have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词：总是或一直是什么样子。。。
He has always been a good father。 I have always been busy.
They have always been in America。
2。 have/has gone to:去了。。.
He has gone to Beijing.
They have gone to the cinema。
3。 have/has been to:表示去过或到过。。。
I have been to Canada。 Have you been to Hongkong?
Where have you been?I have never been here。
过去完成时
had + p。p（过去分词）
过去的过去：
by+过去的时间；
表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语。
动作发生在过去的过去。
陈述句：He said he had told Davy.
They told us they had finished the work.
He left the office after he had called Davy.
否定句：She hadn't had dinner before she went out.　
一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?
特殊疑问句：how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?
Simple Present

一般现在时

Simple Past

一般过去时
Simple Future

一般将来时

句子结构：主语+V

句子结构：主语+V—ed

句子结构：主语+will+V。   
句子结构：主语+be  going to+V

I study English everyday.

我每天都学习英语。

Two  years ago， I studied English in
America.

两年前,我在美国学英语。

If  you are having problems， I will help you  study English.

如果你在学习英语当中，遇到问题,我将帮助你。

   I'm going to study English next year。

我明年将开始学习英语.

Present  Continuous

现在进行时

Past  Continuous

过去进行时
Future  Continuous

将来进行时

句子结构：主语+be+doing

句子结构：主语+was/were+doing

句子结构:主语+will  be+doing
   句子结构：主语+be  going to+be+doing

I am studying English now.

我正在学习英语.

I was studying English when

you  called yesterday。

你昨天给我打电话的时候，我正在学习英语.
I will be studying English when you arrive tonight.

明晚你来的时候，我会正在学习英语.

   I'm going to be studying English when you arrive tonight.
Present  Perfect

现在完成时

Past  Perfect

过去完成时
Future  Perfect

将来完成时

句子结构:主语+have/has  done

句子结构：主语+had  done

句子结构:主语+will+have  done
   句子结构:
主语+be  going to+have done

I have studied English in several different countries。

在一些国家,我已经学习了英语。

I had studied a little English before I moved to the  U。S。

在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了一点英语。
I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this  course.

在我完成这个课程的时候，我已经能完成英语时态的学习了。
   I’m going to have studied every tense by the time I finish this  course.
Present  Perfect Continuous

现在完成进行时

Past  Perfect Continuous

过去完成进行时
Future  Perfect Continuous

将来完成进行时

句子结构:主语+have/has  been doing

I have been studying English for ten years。

我已经学习英语有十年的时间了。

句子结构:主语+had  been doing

I had been studying English for ten years before I moved to  the U.S.

在我搬去美国之前，我已经学习了十年的英语了.
句子结构:主语+will  have been doing
I will have been studying English for over three hours by the time  you arrive.

明晚你来的时候,我已经学习英语3个小时了。

句子结构:主语+be  going to have been doing

I’m going to have beenstudying  English for over three hours by the time you arrive

同上。