沪教牛津版八年级下Unit-3-讲解及练习.doc

沪教牛津版八年级下Unit 3 讲解及练习沪教牛津版八年级下Unit 3 讲解及练习基础知识：短语1.a kind of. 一种 2.paper cutting 剪纸3.up to到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有 4.set off 出发、动身5.tie.around 拴.在.的周围 6.a piece of一片、一条7.up and down起伏、上下波动 8.at the front of 在.的前面9.throw.into 把.扔进 10.after dark天黑后、黄昏后11.no more 不再、再也不 12.look up 抬头看、查询13.bring up 抚养、养育、教养 14.million of 数百万15.make.from.用.做成 16.all the time一直17.turn.into把.变成 18.put on 上演19.cut out 剪成 20.be made of 由.做成21.in the shape of 以.的形状 22.close to 靠近23.get ones attention得到某人的关注 24.put up张贴、挂句型1.used to do sth过去常常做某事 2.use sth to do sth 用.去做某事3.be good at doing sth擅长做某事 4.get ready for sth 为.做好准备5.keep sb/sth adj 使某人/某物.6.be used to do sth 被用来做某事7.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事8.make sb/sth adj 使某人/某物.9.as+adj原级+as 和.一样语法：被动语态1.No nets are required for this type of fishing.这种捕鱼方式不需要网。2.Cormorant fishing was once pratised in lots of places in South-East China.曾经中国东南部很多地方从事鸬鹚捕鱼业.3.A music show will be held in the school hall at 4p.m. on Tuesday, 4 May.5月4日星期二下午4点，将在学校大厅举行音乐表演。说明：句1是一般现在时的被动语态，句2是一般过去时的被动语态，句3是一般将来时的被动语态。英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1.基本构成be+过去分词Football is played all over the world. 足球风靡世界。Is it made of bamboo? 它是用竹子做的吗？2.基本变法?主动语态谓语 其余部分?被动语态主语 谓语 宾语 其余部分宾语提前做主语，主语变为介词by的宾语，谓语变为be+过去分词，时态根据主动语态来确定。3.省去by的几个条件(1)不知道、没必要或不想说出动作的执行者。Rice is grown well there.(2)强调说明动作的承受者I was sent to teach them English.(3)汉语中有“据说、大家说”等It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.4.各种时态的被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+过去分词I am often given gifts by Tom.The things on show are all made in China.Is the room cleaned everyday?(2)一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词Jim was asked to go there.The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the mountain by the heavy snow.(3)一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词或者am/is/are+过去分词Lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year.The children wont be allowed to go out at night.Is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year?5.特殊情况：复合宾语的被动语态感官动词和使役动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时必须加上to. 主动：The boss made her work for 10 hours a day.被动：she was made to work for 10 hours a day.词组：一，be made of 用制成（物理变化,看得出原材料） 例如：be made of wood 由制成be made from 由制成（化学变化,看不出原材料） 例如：The wine is made from grapes. 酒是用葡萄酿造的be made by 由（人）制成 例如： The table was made by the carpenter. 这张桌子是木匠做的.be made into 被制成 例如：The wood was made into desks. 木头被制成了课桌.be made up of 由组成 例如：Our class is made up of 45 students. 我们班由45名学生组成.二，be used to do的意思是被用来做某事;be used to doing的意思是习惯于做某事. to是介词,后需加名词或动名词.used to + do：过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在.A pair of scissor is used to cut paper.Tom is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)Mother used not to be so forgetful.Tom used to take a walk.(过去常常散步)练习：1.-Didnt you see the sigh “No Parking!” on the right?-Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here.A.wasnt allowed B.isnt allowed C.wont allow D.doesnt allow2.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited3.-A new park _ in our hometown next year.-Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A.will build B.will be built C.is built4.-Excuse me, Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself.-Sorry. The book you ask for is _ out.A.is selling out C.is sold C.was selling D.will be sold5. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world. Its really time for us to do something.A.was wasted B.is wasted C.wasted D.will be wasted6.Flowers _ along the road last year.A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted7. It is said a new museum _ in our city next year.A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built8.-Does she like singing English songs?-Yes, she_ to sing English songs in her room.A.often does B.is often heard C.often hears D.often heard练习：一、根据提示完成单词1. What does your mother look like? Can you d_ her?2. Tom often takes exercise, so he is very f_.3. You need a pair of s_ to make paper cuttings.4. The flight will r_ Beijing at 9:00. Lets pick her up at the airport.5. My grandfather is a f_. He makes a living by fishing.二、用所给词语的适当形式填空6. Tom often practises _ (speak) Chinese with his friend.7. There are two _(fisherman) on the boat.8. Glass is _(made) into bottles.9. Young trees require _(plant) in Spring.10. I like the kite very much. Its very _(love).三、单选11. Half an hour _ , they returned school.A.late B.after C.later D.in12.-Frog, Moyans novel, please.-Sorry, it_ just now. But it will e out again soon.A.had been sold out B.is sold out C.has sold out D.was sold out13. Today, the forests have almost gone; we must stop people _ down too many trees.A.to cut B.cut C.from cutting D.from cut14. _ people e to Jilin to visit Mount Changbai every year.A. Millions of B. Million of C. Millions D. Million15. I know _ about Japanese. You may go and ask him.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little16.-Your classroom is really bright and clean.-It_ after school every day.A.is cleaned B.cleaned C.was cleaned D.cleans17.-How soon _ all the work_?-In a week.A.will;finish B.is;going to finish C.will;be finished D.are;going to be finished18.-The bed looks very nice. Whats it made _?-Wood, and it is made _ Shanghai.A.from;in B.of;in C.from;on D.of;at19.-Look at the _,madam. The red skirt is smaller than the blue one.-Yeah. The read one suits me better, I think.A.colour B.size D.weight D.price20. Uncle Wang used to _ a newspaper at home after supper. But now he is used to _ out for a walk. A.read;go B.reading;go C.reading;going D.read;going