专八改错练习资料资料讲解.doc

专八改错练习资料

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专八改错练习第一篇：
More people die of tuberculosis than of any other disease caused by a single agent. This has probably been the case in quite a while. During the __1__
early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh __2__
deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From __3__
now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble __4__
going into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death and
infection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and __5__
20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened the
trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to __6__
poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.
They are wrong. In the mid1980s the frequency of infections and deaths __7__
started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came__8__
back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The World__9__
Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earth’s
population)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,
population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 __10__
million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poor
countries.

参考答案(反白可见):
1 将in改为for; for quite a while 作 “相当长时间”讲.

2 将seventh改为seven

3 将were改为was
这个谓语动词的主语是单数短语 one in every seven deaths, 因此要使用单数.

4将now 改为then

5将Europe前的the 去掉

6 将imported改为exported
根据上下文,应该是向穷国出口抗生素,而不是从这些国家进口抗生素.

7 将are 改为were

8 在vanished 前加had
这里要表达的是 “结核病原来消失的地方,又爆发了结核病”,所以要使用过去完成时.

9 将better改为worse
在结合病没有消失的地方,这种病更加严重了,因此要用worse.

10 将constantly改为constant
在 “keep sb/ sth adj”结构中的形容词作补语.

专八改错练习第二篇：
One of America’s most important export is her modern music. __1__
American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed __2__
by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, __3__
nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for
its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.
The music has many origins in the United States. Country music,
coming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one __4__
source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing
day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people
appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country __5__
music songs.
A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted __6__
mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It
is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with __7__
all Americans.
Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring
fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country
music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950’s. Since then there __8__
have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock,
disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are
young musicians.
American popular music is marketed to a demanding audience.
Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some
songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing __9__
in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages.
The words may coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. __10__

参考答案(反白可见):

1 改export为exports

export作可数名词时指出口商品,同时根据one of 结构也可以知道这里export要用复数结构

2 改playing为played

动词play和句子主语American popular music是逻辑动宾关系,必须用被动语态.

3 改Because为Though或者Although

此句为让步状语从句

4 改suburban为rural

这里属于词义用错,suburban为城市郊区,乡村音乐显然来自乡村地区.

5 改为because of

6 改depicted为depicts

本句错在时态.句意为 “blues大多抒发哀伤情感,反映美国黑人的艰难生活.”为与全文主导时态一致,不能用过去时.此外,blues现在的风格依旧,故用现在时

7 将not去掉

8 改is为was

此句有过去时间状语 in the 1950’s, 陈述过去的一个事实,故用一般过去时态

9 改sing为sung

sung 引导过去分词短语作宾语补足语,表被动意思

10 改coincide为differ（在may后加not也可以）

此句含有连词but,整个句意含有转折语气

专八改错练习第三篇：
Cities can be frightened places. The majority of__1__
the population live in noisy massive tower blocks. The
sense of belonging to a community tends to appear__2__
when you live thirty floors up in a skyscraper. Strange__3__
enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one
street all knew each other, nowadays people on the
same floor in tower blocks even say hello to each __4__
other.
Country life, on the other hand, differs from this
kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community
generally keep the inhabitants of a small village together. __5__
People have the advantage of knowing that there is
always someone to turn to when they need help. So __6__
country life has disadvantages too. For example,
shopping becomes a major problem and for anything
slightly out of the ordinary you have to go for an expe- __7__
dition to the nearest large town. The country has the
advantage of peaceful and quiet, but suffers from the __8__
disadvantages of being cut off. The city has noise and
population which do harm to human health. But one of
their main advantages is that you are at the centre of __9__
things and that life doesn’t come to an end even at ten
at night. Some people have found a compromise be-
tween the two: they expressed their preference for the
quiet life by leaving for the city and moving to the __10__
country within commuting distance of the large city.

参考答案及解析(反白可见):
1.把frightened改为frightening
frightened是“受到惊吓的”，表明心理状态，而frightening表示“令人害怕的”，表示事物性质。
2.把appear改为disappear
“当你住在摩天大厦的三十层里”，可以推测这里要表达的是归属感的消失，而不是产生归属感。
3.把Strange改为Strangely
Strangely enough，是固定短语，经常用作插入语，意思是“说也奇怪，最奇怪的是”。
4.在say前面加上don’t
此处说的是，现在住在同一层楼的人甚至见面都不打招呼。
5.把keep改为keeps
in that 引导的句子主语应该是 a sense，故谓语应为单数。本句的意思是，农村生活与这种隔绝孤立的生活不同，因为一种归属感把小村里的居民联系在一起。
6.把so 改为but/yet
上文提到了乡村生活的好处，下文是转折，要用but或者yet。
7.把for改为on
“去远征”应该用go on a expedition，而go for 的意思是“去找，努力获取，拥护”。
8.把peaceful改为peace
of 后面不应该用形容词，所以应该改为peace。这里需要注意的是quiet既是名词又是形容词，不要被迷惑。
9.把their改为its
此处的代词应该指代上文的 the city。
10.删除leaving后面的for，或者把for改为from
leave表示“离开某地”，而leave for表示“离开某地去另外一

专八改错练习第四篇：
Planning is a very important activity in our lives. Itcan give
pleasure, even excitement, and it can cause quitesevere headaches. __1__
The most significant the task ahead, the more carefulthe planning __2__
required. Getting to school or to work on time is a taskrequiring few __3__
or no planning, it is almost routine. A month’s touring holiday abroad,
or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether. If the
matter involve a church wedding, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, __4__
and returning a new home, this requires even more planning to make __5__
sure that it is successful. Planning is our way of trying to ensure success
and of avoiding costly failures we can not suffer. It is equally essential __6__
to individual nations and families; the scale may be vary, but the degree __7__
of importance does not. In the essence, a nation planning its resources __8__
and needs do not differ from the familiar weekly shopping or monthly __9__
household budget. Both are designed to ensure an adequate supply of
essentials, and if improperly carried out, will avoid shortages, wastage __10__
and over-expenditure.

参考答案及解析(反白可见):
1 将and 改为 or
or表示“或者”，因为前后是两种截然不同的可能性，所以应该用or。
2 将most改为 more
3 将few改为little
4 将involve 改为 involves
因为主语 the matter 为单数，例如：
Although planning involves material investment, even more important is theinvestment in man.
虽然作机会应该包括物资投资，但最重要的是对人的投资。
5 在returning后加介词to
6 将suffer改为afford
7 去掉be。
vary是动词，可与助动词或者情态动词构成谓语，也可以独立构成谓语，例如：
The weather varies from hour to hour in some mountain districts.
8 去掉the
in essence 是固定习语，意为“本质上，实质的"
9 将do改为 does
主语是动名词复合结构 a nation planning its resources and needs, 应视为单数，例如：
Looking after children requires patience.
10 将improperly改为 properly.

专八改错练习第五篇：
Tracing missing persons can take much patientdetective work. But a special kind of “private eye” cantrace the missing ancestors of whole peoples by
studying the clues buried by words. __1__
These philologists, such as the language detectives arecalled, have traced __2__
the word trail back from peoples in Europe, India,South Africa, the Americas,
and the Pacific islands in a tiny nameless, and forgotten tribe that roamed central__3__
Eurasia 5000 to 6000 years ago, before the dawn of writing history. __4__
Since a long time scholars have been puzzled over the striking __5__
difference of words in different languages. In Dutch, vader; in Latin, pater;in __6__
old Irish, athir; in Persian, pidar;in the Sanskrit of distant India, pitr.
These words all sounded likely and meant the same thing—“father” __7__
Where did it happen that widely separated peoples used such __8__
close related sound symbols? The problem baffled linguists for years. The more so__9__
because “father” was but one of a host of such coincidences. Towards the end
of the 18 century it dawned on scholars that perhaps all these words stemmed__10__
from some common language.

参考答案及解析(反白可见)：

1. 将by改为in
(be) buried in 意思为 “被…所掩盖,掩蔽于…”
2. 将such去掉
在这里as是连词,引导状语从句.
3. 将第一个and改为to (这个句子长,小心上当呀)
以便和前文的from构成搭配 “from…to…”,表示 “从……到……”.
4. 将writing改为written`
“有文字记载的历史”英语为 “written history”.
5. 将Since改为 For
因为since做介词, 表示 “自从……起” 之意时,后面一般不跟表示一段时间的名词.
6. 将difference改为similarity
从后面的例子我们可以看出,作者在这里讲述的是文字的惊人的相同之处,而不是不同之处.
7. 将likely改为alike
likely 意思为 “很可能的”,不做 “相同的,相似的”解.
8. 将where改为why
这里不是问地点而是问原因,从后面的because也可以看出.
9. 将close改为副词closely
因为形容词close不能修饰过去分词related.
10. 将18改为 18th.
The more so because “father” was but one of a host of such coincidences.
这句话的the more so because是什么意思呢, 以为人家出版社错了,不过看两本资料都这么写. 有谁看得懂么?还是说真的是出错了.
原来the more so because意思为: 更何况.

专八改错练习第六篇：

Why does the idea of progress loom so large in themodern world? Surely because progress of particularkind is actually taking place around us and is more and
more manifesting. Although mankind has underg- __1__
one no general improvement in intelligence or morali-
ty, it has made extraordinary progress in theaccumulation of
knowledge. Knowledge begins to increase as __2__
soon as the thoughts of one individual could be com-
municated to another by mean of speech. With the in- __3__
vention of writing, knowledge could be communicated
and stored. Libraries made education possible, and
education in turn added libraries: the growth of knowl- __4__
edge followed a kind of compound-interest law,
which was greatly enhanced by the invention of print-
ing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the
coming of science, the tempo was suddenly risen. __5__
then knowledge began to be accumulated according to
a systematic plan. However, as soon as new knowl- __6__
edge is acquired, it is now turned to practical ac-
count. What is called “modern civilization” is not the
result of a balanced development of all man’s nature,
but not of accumulated knowledge applied to practical __7__
life. The problem now facing humanity is: what is go-
ing to be done with all this knowledge? Like is often __8__
pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon which
could be used equally for good or evil. It is now being __9__
used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for
instance, be more grimly whimsical than that gunners __10__
using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at
hand, surgeons use it to restore them.

参考答案及解析(反白可见)：

1.把manifesting改为manifest
manifesting不能做形容词,而如果把它理解成现在进行词,后面又缺乏宾语,所以应该改为形容词manifest,表示 “显然的,明显的”.
2.把begins改为began
根据下一行出现的could可以判断本句是过去时.
3.把mean改为means. by means of 是固定用法.
4.在added后面加上to
如果add后面不加to,此句就表示 “把图书馆加到某个事物上去”,加上to,表示给图书馆增加了内容,符合句义.
5.把risen改为raised
rise是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态.
6.把However改为Moreover
此句的意思是:新知识一经获得,马上就得到实际应用.这是对上文的追加,不存在转折关系,因此应该用moreover.
7.删除but后面的not
8.把Like改为As
9.把could改为can
主句为现在时,而从句也不表示虚拟,所以应该用现在时.
10.在that后面加上of.
为了避免重复,这里用that指代spectacle,后面的gunner using是that 的内容.因此应该用介词of引出.

专八改错练习第七篇：

You will think about what kind of saving instru- __1__
ment to use or what kind of investment to make. By
putting your money in some kind of savings instrument
or investment, you can set aside small amount of mon- __2__
ey regularly and the money will earn interest or divi-
dends. Interest refers to the amount what your money__3__
earns when it is kept in a savings instrument. Divi-
dends are payments of part of a company’s earnings to
people hold stock in the company. A savings instru- __4__
ment has an “interest rate ” associated with it; this re-
fers to the rate which the money in the instrument in- __5__
creases during a certain period of time. Principal re-
fers to the facial value or the amount of money you __6__
place in the savings instrument on which the interest is
earned.
Every type of savings or investment has some risk
that the return will be less than needed or expected.
Federally insured savings accounts are safe and guar-
anteed up to $100,000 by the U.S. Government.
Therefore, they may have lower interest rates, making __7__
it hard to save large amounts of money for college. __8__
Bonds and stocks often have higher returns than sav-
ings accounts or EE saving bonds but are more riskier. __9__
You can reduce the risks of these kinds of investments
by starting to save early. The earlier we begin the less __10__
money you will have to put aside each month and the
more total savings you will accumulate.

参考答案及解析(反白可见):
1.把saving改为savings
saving表示“节约的”，和其复数形式savings意义不同。savings的意思是“存款，储蓄”。
2.在small前面加上a
a small amount of 表示“少量的”，冠词不可缺。
3.把what改为which或者that
amount在此是先行词，后面是一个定语从句，这个从句显然应该由关系代词that或者which引导。
4.在hold前面加who
先行词people后面是一个定语从句，因此需要有引导词。
5.在which前面加上at
关系代词which在此引导的同样是一个定语从句，并且在此应该用“介词＋关系代词”这个形式，因为前面的rate往往用于短语at a rate，此处的介词可以提前。
6.把facial改为face
票面价值应是：face value。
7.把Therefore改为However。
此处根据上下文来看，表达的是转折的含义，而不是因果关系。
8.把hard改为harder
这里存在一个隐含的比较，所以应该用hard的比较级形式。
9.删除more，或者把more改为much
riskier本身已经是比较形式了，再加上more是多余的。把more改为much，表示一种程度也可以。
10.把we改为you

补充：
第二题将amount改为amounts也是正确的
第四题把hold改为holding也是正确的
a small amount of 和small amounts of 用法的区别
a large（great，good）amount of ＋不可数名词，谓语动词一般用单数；但（large，great，good）amounts of ＋ 不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。
A large amount of damage ＜has been＞done by the earth quake．
Large amounts of money ＜were＞spent on the bridge．
这就是为什么第二题也可以把amount改为amounts而第八题不用改amount的原因啦.

专八改错练习第八篇：

One of our main arguments is that we in Western countries actually have part to play in causing the __1__
problems of the Third World. Many Third World
countries are saddle with immense debt burdens, for __2__
example. They were lent money with low interest rates __3__
in the 1970s, when money flooded into Western banks
from the oil-producing countries and was lent out to
the Third World. The interest rates have then been risen __