英语十六大时态总结.doc

英语十六大时态总结(表格）英语共有十六个时态 四个大体（主：四个体为-一般、进行、完成、完成进行） 时态名称定义时间状语结构一般疑问句否定句形式一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。often， usually， always， sometimes， every day/week/month etc.once a week，on Mondays， etc.1.be动词主语+be+表语2。实义动词(原形）主语+v。+宾语1.be放于句首2。用助动词do/does提问，同时还原动词为原形1.be not2.实义动词动词用助动词dont/ doesnt，同时还原实义动词为原形一般过去时过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态; 过去 习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。ago， yesterday， last week/month/year etc。in 2000, just now, one day， long long ago etc。1。was/were2。实义动词过去式1。把was/ were放于句首2。用助动词did提问,同时还原动词为原形1。 was/were not2. 用助动词 didnt,同时还原实义动词为原形现在进行时现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。now, at this time， these days， etc。be doingbe放于句首be not doing过去进行时过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作.at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等was/were doing把was/were放于句首was/were not doing一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon， the day after tomorrow ，next Sunday/week/year/month， soon, in a few days etc。1。be going to do2.will/shall do1.be放于句首2.will/shall放于句首1。be not going to do2。willshall not do过去将来时表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。the next day/morning/ year the following month/week etc.1.was/ were going to do2。would do1。was/were放于句首2.would 放于句首1.was/were not going to do2.would not do 时态名称定义时间状语结构一般疑问句否定式形式现在完成时过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态.already， yet, just， ever, never, before， recently，in the past few years etc。及由for/since引导的时间状语(从句）have/ has done把have/has放在句首have/ has not done过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况.表示“过去的过去”。by， before等构成的过去时间短语或用于when, before, until等引导的从句中;或由said， asked， told， thought等引导的宾语从句中had donehad放于句首had not done现在完成进行时从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍然在继续，并可能延续到将来。since+时间点for+时间段have/has been doinghave/has 放于句首have/has not been doing过去完成进行时相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作。特殊含义：1.尚未完成：He had been writing the novel. 2.企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb。3.未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.4。最近情况：He had been quarrelling with his wife. 5.反复动作：He had been asking me the same question。 6。情绪：What had he been doing?had been doinghad放于句首很少用于否定句中，多用过去完成时代替.e。g。 He had not practised English for many years.(常用）=He had not been practising English for many years。（不常用）时态名称定义时间状语结构一般疑问句否定式形式将来进行时将来某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作。soon, this evening, tomorrow, on Sundayby this time， in two days etc.be going to/ will/shall be doing1。be放于句首2。will/shall放于句首1。be not going to be doing2.will/shall not be doing过去将来进行时就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作（主要用于宾语从句中，）多用于间接引语was/were going to/ would be doing1.was放于句首2.would放于句首1。was/were not going to be doing2。would not be doing将来完成时在将来某一时刻之前已经完成或一直持续的动作。by the time ofby the end of+时间短语（将来）by the time+从句（将来）be going to/ will/ shall have done1。be放于句首2.will/shall放于句首1.be not going to2.will/shall not have done过去将来完成时从过去观点看将来某时动作已完成。主要用于间接引语中was/were going to/ would have done1.was放于句首2。would/should放于句首1.was/were not going to2.would not have done将来完成进行时动作从将来的某一时刻开始一直延续到将来某一时间.（是否继续下去,要视上下文而定）the next day/morning/yearthe following month/week/year etc.（同将来时）be going to/ will/ shall have been doing1。be放于句首2。will/shall放于句首1.be not going to2。shall/will not have been doing过去将来完成进行时从过去某一时间开始一直延续到对于过去来说的将来某一时间。（是否继续下去，要视上下文而定)主要用于间接引语中,若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语从句中的间接引语要把将来完成进行时改为过去将来完成进行时。Was/were going to/ would have been doing1.be放于句首2.would放于句首1.was/were not going to have been doing2。would not have been doing