英语八种时态表格总结[1].doc

英语时态表 —— 一般现在时& 一般过去时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
一般现在时
1 be动词用am/is/are表示,之后接名词，形容词或介词.
often；
usually;
every…;
sometimes;
always;
never；
once/twice/… a week/month/year;
on Sundays/Mondays/…。;
1. 一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态,或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态；
2. 表示普遍真理或客观存在的事物.
陈述句：I am an office worker. He is so lazy。 They are at home now。
否定句:I am not Tim. She is not very beautiful.
They are not in the office.
一般疑问句：Are you an office assistant？ Is she beautiful？
2行为动词用V原形或V-s/es，引导疑问句和否定句，用do或don’t；第三人称时用does或doesn’t，有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es。
陈述句：I work in Shanghai. He works at home。
Davy never watches TV at home。
否定句： I don’t like the food in KFC。
Davy doesn’t like the food in KFC either。
一般疑问句：
Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near the subway station？
表客观真理：
The earth moves around the sun。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
一般过去时
1．be动词用过去式was或 were表示；
yesterday；
the day before yesterday;
last week/month/year/…。；
… ago；
a moment ago；
just now；
in+过去的时间;
1. 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.
2. 表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
陈述句:I was a big boss. He was beautiful。
We were in Beijing last year。
否定句： I was not at home at that moment。
We were not at work yesterday。
一般疑问句： Were you a teacher?
Was she in the office last week？
2行为动词用V-ed，陈述句,疑问句和否定句借助于did，有did出现动词用原形.
陈述句：I worked in Sunmoon.
We studied English there. He lived in Hong Kong。
否定句: I didn’t work here.
They didn't see me. She liked English a lot。
一般疑问句: Did you go to America？
Did he work in Sunmoon?
表过去经常性或习惯性的动词
When I was a child， I often played football in the street.
英语时态表--一般将来时 & 过去将来时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
一般将来时

1 任何人称+will+V原形
第一人称+shall+V原形
tomorrow,
this evening， this afternoon…
the day after tomorrow;
soon；
next week/month/year/.。。;
the week/month/year/... after next;
in+一段时间；.
即将发生动作或状态。
陈述句：
I will fly to Hong Kong tomorrow。
He will go with us。
We will arrive in Shanghai next week。
否定句:
I will never believe you again。
He will not come tonight.
We will not buy a car next year。
一般疑问句：
Will you go there by train？
Will he come tomorrow?
Will they live a five-star hotel？
2 is/am/are+ going to+ V原形，表示计划打算做什么事情.
陈述句：I’m going to go to Kongkong by air。　
否定句:We are not going to buy a house here。
一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs？　
特殊疑问句：How are you going to tell him?
过去将来时
was/were going to +V原形
多用在宾语从句中
在过去将会发生的动作。
陈述句：
I was going to buy a computer。
They told me that they were not going to go abroad。
否定句:
I was not going to buy a computer at that time。
任何人称+would +V原形
He said he would come to Shanghai.　
I said I would buy you a car one day.
I didn’t know if she was going to come。
英语时态表——现在进行时& 过去进行时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
现在进行时
be (is/am/are）+V-ing　
now;
at present；
at the moment;
Look!（放在句首）；
Listen！ (放在句首）；
1. 表示现在（ 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情或某时间段正在进行的动词。
陈述句：
I’m waiting for my friend.
He is doing the housework at home now。
We are enjoying ourselves。
否定句:
He is not playing toys.
一般疑问句：
Are you having dinner at home?
Is Tim cooking in the kitchen？
特殊疑问句:
What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal？
2. 瞬间动词的进行时表将来含义
(e。g. come, go arrive， leave, finish， start， begin等）
e。g. We’re arriving at Bell Tower。
过去进行时
was/were+ V—ing
just then
at that time；
at this time yesterday;
at+时间点+yesterday/last night;
at that moment；
过去某个时刻正在发发生的动作或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作.
陈述句：
I was doing my homework at that time。
We were having a party while he was sleeping.
否定句：
He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句：
Were you watching TV at that time？
特殊疑问句：
What were you doing at that moment？
英语时态表 —- 现在完成时& 过去完成时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
现在完成时

助动词have/has+ p.p
(过去分词）
already；just;before；
yet(否定句中）；ever;never;
for+一段时间;
since +时间点；
since+一段时间+ago；
by+现在时间；
so far； up to now； till now; until now;
recently/lately；
during/over/in the past/last…。
用来表示1. 之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，对现在造成的影响和结果；2。 也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。
简单的说,就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。
陈述句：I have already told Davy。
Davy has known this matter.
He has lived here for nearly 10 years.
否定句:I haven’t finished my homework。。
Tim hasn’t come yet。
We haven't heard any news about him.
一般疑问句：
Has he worked here since he came here?
特殊疑问句:
How long have you worked in this company?
特别注意：
1。have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词:总是或一直是什么样子。
He has always been a good father。 I have always been busy。 They have always been in America。
2.have/has gone to:去了，在去某地的路上或在某地（去而未归）
He has gone to Beijing。
They have gone to the cinema。
3.have/has been to:表示去过或到过（已归)
I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hong Kong?
Where have you been？ I have never been to Beijing。
4.have/has been in:
已经在，常与一段时间连用
He has been in Shenyang for ten years.
5。 瞬间动词（buy, die, join， lose……)不能直接与for 或since 引导的时间段连用，要改变成延续性动词。变化如下：
come/arrive/reach/get to--be in go out-—--be out leave--— be away begin/start——-be on finish-—--be over open——--be open die—---be dead buy---have borrow-——keep fall ill-——be ill come back---be back
put on --—be on/wear worry---be worried 　catch a cold-——have a cold join———be in
e。g. The class has been on for ten minutes。
I have kept this book for 15 days。

过去完成时
助动词
had + p。p
(过去分词）
1. by+过去的时间，如：by last week， by the end of last year等
2. 表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语.
动作发生在过去的过去，“过去的过去"。

陈述句：He said he had told Davy。
They told us they had finished the work.
He left the office after he had called Davy.
否定句:
She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.　
一般疑问句：
Had she learnt English before she moved here？
特殊疑问句：How many English words had he learnt by the end of last year？
根据上下文（语境）来判断使用过去完成时，如:
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday。 We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing。