德国工业领域能效政策.docx

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Policy measures to increase energy efficiency in Germany’s industrial sector 德国工业部门旨在提高能效的政策措施 Berlin, 23 November 2015 柏林，2015年11月23日 Energy Efficiency Targets 5 能效目标能源概念2010 2011 2020 2030 2040 2050 温室气体减排量（相比1990年水平） -26.4% -40% -55% -70% -80% 可再生能源占最终总能耗份额 12.1% 18% 30% 45% 60% 可再生能源发电量占电力消费量份额 20.3% 35% 50% 65% 80% 一次能源消费量（相比2008年水平） -6% -20% -50% Efficiency targets and energy productivity in Germany Index 1990=100 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 final energy productivity National targets: +2.1% final energy productivity p.a. 2020/2050: 20/50% reduction vs. 2008 2050: 80-95% reduction vs. 1990 153.7 138.7 87.5 75.2 Status 2012 final energy productivity target GDP Source: IEA; Worldbank; Eurostat; BMWi primary energy demand primary energy demand target GHG emissions GHG emissions target Economic growth decouples from energy consumption and emissions. 350 300 250 指数 200 1990年=100 150 100 50 0 德国效率目标和能源生产率 final energy productivity final energy productivity target GDP primary energy demand primary energy demand target GHG emissions GHG emissions target 2012年水平 153.7 138.7 87.5 75.2 国家目标：最终能源生产率每年+2.1% 2020年/2050年：比2008年减少20/50% 2050年：比1990年减少80-95% 最终能源生产率最终能源生产率目标国内生产总值一次能源需求量一次能源需求量目标温室气体排放量温室气体排放量目标 Source: IEA; Worldbank; Eurostat; BMWi 经济增长与能耗及排放量脱钩。 Primary energy intensity of selected countries 部分国家一次能源强度 6 Energy intensity of GDP (koe/$2005p) (koe/$2005p) 0.8 0.7 0.6 国内生产总值能源强度 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 World 全球 EU Germany 欧盟德国 Russia 俄罗斯 Ukraine 乌克兰 USA 美国 China 中国 1990 2000 2010 Source: Enerdata 2013 2012 Energy intensity is improving in various countries. 各国正在降低能源强度。 Source: Ecofys 2015 Main federal-level energy efficiency measures Buildings • Energy consulting • KfW progammes for construction and renovation • MAP (Market Incentive Programme) • Energy saving legislation Products and appliances • Energy consulting (Energy Efficiency Campaign) • NTRI: National Top Runner Initiative • Energy Efficiency Labelling Ordinance • Ecodesign Directive (eff. classification) Industry and business • Energy consulting services • KfW credits and loans (Effizienzprogramm, BAFA) • Obligatory energy audits • European emissions trading (ETS) Transport • Labelling (EU Directive Fuel Economy) • Regulation of consumption • Motor vehicle taxation • E-mobility strategy • Mobility and fuel strategy Energy efficiency policies find a balance between consultation, information, incentives and regulation. 10 资料来源：Ecofys 2015 联邦层面主要节能措施建筑 • 能源咨询 • 德国复兴信贷银行建设改造项目 • MAP（市场激励计划） • 节能立法产品与家电 • 能源咨询（节能活动） • NTRI：国家领跑者计划 • 《节能标签条例》 • 《生态设计指令》（效率分级）工业与商业 • 能源咨询服务 • 德国复兴信贷银行信贷和贷款（Effizienzprogramm, BAFA） • 强制性能源审计 • 欧盟排放交易体系（ETS）交通运输 • 标签（欧盟燃油经济性标签指令） • 消费监管 • 机动车辆征税 • 电动交通战略 • 交通和燃油战略节能政策在咨询、信息、激励与监管之间取得平衡。 Energy efficiency in trade/services and industry Sector relevance 45% of final energy consumption in 2012 National efficiency targets Sector measures • Market-driven improvements arising from research and development • Incentive programmes, e.g. grants for cross-cutting technologies and energy audits in SMEs • Energy consultation Primary energy demand 20% less by 2020 50% less by 2050 transport households trade/services industry Source: AGEB 2013; prov. Sector effects achieved 34 PJ/a final energy (-0.85%) saved in 2012 vs. 2008 贸易/服务业和工业能效行业相关度 45% 占2012年能源终端消费量的百分比国家效率目标行业措施 • 通过开展研发活动实现市场驱动型改进 • 激励计划，如先进技术补贴和中小企业能源审计 • 能源咨询一次能源需求量比2020年减少20% 比2050年减少50% 交通运输家庭贸易/服务业工业 Source: AGEB 2013; prov. 资料来源：AGEB 2013; prov. 行业实效 2012年能源终端消费量比2008年减少34PJ/a（-0.85%） Energy efficiency in companies Obstacles for invests in EE 能效投资领域的障碍企业能效 • Lack of internal expertise • 缺乏内部专业知识 • High cost of identifying energy saving potential • 发现节能潜力所需成本高企 • amortisation period considered as too long • 摊还期过长 • Lack of capital • 缺乏资金 Energy audits and -management in companies 企业能源审计和管理 Energy audits: 能源审计： = systematic procedure with the purpose of obtaining adequate knowledge of the existing energy consumption profile of a building or group of buildings, an industrial or commercial operation or installation or a private or public service, identifying and quantifying cost-effective energy savings opportunities, and reporting the findings = 系统程序，目的：获取关于单体建筑或建筑群、工业或商业经营活动或设施或私人或公共服务机构现有能耗状况的充足知识，发现和量化高成本效益节能机会，报告研究结果 § For SMEs: grants for energy audits § 中小企业：能源审计补助 § For large companies: energy audit compulsory every 4 years § 大型企业：强制实行能源审计，每4年一次 Energy management systems: 能源管理体系： § Grants for the introduction of ISO 50001 (both SMEs and large companies) § 引入ISO 50001相关补助（同时面向中小企业和大型企业） § Fiscal incentives: Tax rebate from the electricity tax for companies from the manufacturing sector § 财政激励：面向制造型企业征收电力税退税 12 Financial promotion of implementing EE technologies 通过实行财政措施促进实施能效技术 Promotion of cross-cutting technologies 推广先进技术 Replacing old with new + potential for better efficiency 以旧换新+ 能效提高潜力 Ø Electric motors 电动机 (30%) Ø Pumps 泵(30%) Ø Compressed air 压缩空气(50%) Ø Ventilation systems 通风系统(25%) Ø Lighting 照明设备(70%) Ø Process heat 工业用热 (30%) Support for SMEs 扶持中小企业 § Individual measures: investments up to 30,000 euros 单项措施：投资额最高30,000欧元 § Systems optimisation: investments up to 100,000 euros 系统优化：投资额最高100,000欧元 Ø Energy performance improved by at least: 25% 能源绩效至少提高：25% Ø Concept for energy conservation 节能概念 Ø Grant of 30% max. 最高30%补助 § Expertise for implementation 关于实施的专业知识 Promotion of cross-cutting technologies 推广先进技术 Funding for cross-cutting technologies: practical experience 资助先进技术：实践经验 § 2,200 applications for the programme since 2012 § 2012年以来向激励计划提交2,200项申请 § Total investment: approx. 50 million euros (grants: 12 million euros) § 总投资：约5000万欧元（补助金额：1200万欧元） § Energy performance 50% better compared to old equipment § 能源绩效比旧设备高50% § Usually combination of various individual measures § 通常同时采取多项不同措施 § 40% of loans awarded as part of the KfW energy efficiency programme § 在德国复兴信贷银行能效计划项下发放40%贷款 Energy efficient production processes 节能生产工艺 § Highly individualised approach necessary 需要具有高度针对性的方法 § Funding for investments in energy efficient technologies or other measures of energetic optimization (i.e. changes in the production process) 拨款资助企业投资于节能技术或其他能源优化措施（即生产工艺改进） § New: Special focus on waste heat recovery 新：特别注重余热回收 § Focus on standardized cross-cutting technologies and individual measures based on preceding energy consultation 根据在先的能源咨询，重点关注标准化跨领域技术和针对性措施 15-11-30 Speaker 15 National Action Plan Energy Efficiency 国家能效行动计划 § Adopted in December 2014 § 2014年12月通过 § The government‘s strategy for EE policy § 政府能效政策战略 § Available in English on the BMWi website § 德国联邦经济事务和能源部网站载有英文版 16 NAPE: Improving framework for energy services 国家节能行动计划：不断完善能源服务框架 § Overall goal: Effecting investments in EE technologies / enabling energy services 总体目标：促进节能技术投资/鼓励节能服务 § Focus on Energy Contracting / Energy Performance Contracting 重点关注能源托管/合同能源管理 § Consultation programme for SMEs and municipalities 面向中小企和城市的咨询项目 § Security scheme for SMEs offering contracting services 面向中小企的能源外包服务保障计划 § Improved communication and cooperation between „Bund“, „Länder“ and stakeholders 改善联邦、各州与利益相关者之间的沟通与合作 17 Thank you for your attention! 谢谢关注！ Contact: buero-iib2@bmwi.bund.de 联系方式：buero-iib2@bmwi.bund.de 18

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