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第一部分 基础考点聚焦
话 题： 个 人 情 况
【词汇积累】
【佳句背诵】
1.achieve v． 实现
2.motivate v. 激发，推动
3.patient adj. 有急躁的
4.intelligent adj. 有智力的；聪
明的
5.favourite n. 最宠爱的人/物
6.active adj. 乐观的；活跃的
7.curious adj. 奇异 的
8.confident adj. 有信念的；自
信的
9.determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
10.generous adj. 慷慨的
11.humorous adj. 幽默的
12.outgoing adj. 开朗的
13.apply for 申请
14.feel proud of 为……感到
傲慢
15.be absorbed in 全神贯注于
16.be enthusiastic about 对……热心
17.dream of 幻想……
e true 实现
1.I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in China Daily of April 2nd.我写这封信的目的是申请你刊登在4月2日《中国日报》上的那个工作岗位。
2.As for my personality，I think I’m very honest and have a strong sense of responsibility.
性格方面，我觉得自己是一个坦诚和富有责任心的人。
3.She is tall and slim with big bright eyes and black hair.
她个子高挑，身材苗条，有一双大而光明的眼睛和一头黑发。
【写作模板】 求职信
Dear Sir/Madam，
I have learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I have shown great interest in this position，hoping I can work for you.
I will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Language School this July at the age of 18.I’m proud to say I’m an excellent student because I’m among the top 5 in my class of 50 students.Besides，I have some advantages of applying for the position.First，I do well in English，especially spoken English.Second，I like immersing myself in the ocean of literature，soaking in what is good to me.Listening to music also benefits me a lot.I often use the computer as a writing tool so that I can type very fast.Last but not least, I’m easygoing and reliable to be made friends with.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
Ⅰ.单词拼写 依据词义写出英文单词。
1. ____________ adj. 有乐趣的；令人快活的
2．____________ n．&vt. 经受，体验
3. ____________ adv. 不知为什么；不知怎么地
4. ____________ n．&vt. 敬重，敬重
5. ____________ vt. 致力于；献身
6．____________ adj. 一般的，一般的；平均的
7. ____________ n. 难事；斗争；努力vi. 奋斗，努力；挣扎
8. ____________ n. 鼓舞
9. ____________ n. 满足
10. ____________ n．&vt. 交换；沟通
11．____________ vi. 毕业n. 毕业生
12. ____________ vt. 通知，告知
13. ____________ n. (重要)大事；社交活动；竞赛项目
14. ____________ n. 负责，掌管vt. 使担当责任；收费
15．____________ vt. 选择，选择
16．____________ n. 作品；成分
17．____________ n. 一代，一代人
18．____________ adj. 极佳的，格外好的
19．____________ n. 集会，会议
20．____________ adj. 以前的
答案：1.enjoyable 2.experience 3.somehow 4.respect
5．devote 6.average 7.struggle 8.encouragement
9．satisfaction 10.exchange 11.graduate 12.inform
13．event 14.charge 15.select position
17．generation 18.splendid 19.assembly 20.former
Ⅱ.单词拓展 写出下列单词及其派生词。
1．____________adj. 文学的
____________ n. 文学
2．____________ adj. 具有挑战性的
____________ v．& n. 挑战
3．____________ adj. 流利的
____________ n. 流利；娴熟
4．____________ vt. 获得；赚，挣得
____________ n. 收入；工资
5．____________n. 做饭；烹饪，烹调
____________ n. 炉具；厨灶
6．____________v. 批准，通过；赞成，同意
____________n. 赞成；认可
7．____________ adj. 独立的
____________n. 独立
8．____________ vt. 捐赠
____________ n. 捐赠
答案：1.literary；literature 2.challenging；challenge
3．fluent；fluency 4.earn；earnings 5.cooking；cooker
6．approve；approval 7.independent；independence
8．donate；donation
1．________________ 比平常……
2．________________ 致力于某事
3．________________ 过去经常做
4．________________ 免费
5．________________ 宠爱，宠爱
6．________________ 回忆，回顾
7．________________ 满足地；满足地
8．________________ 逐字逐句地
9．________________ 可获得的；可得到的
10．________________ 充分利用
11．________________ 负责，掌管
12．________________ 不仅仅；多于
13．________________ 实现目标
14．________________ 提出，想出
15．________________ 报名参与；签名
答案：1.than usual 2.devote oneself to sth. 3.used to do
4．for free 5.be fond of 6.look back (on sth.) 7.with satisfaction 8.word by word 9.be available for
10．make good use of 11.in charge of 12.more than
13．achieve one’s goal e up with 15.sign up(for)
语境填词
He prefers a kind of job that requires(1)____________(挑战)．He also likes(2)____________(选择)information from(3)____________(有阅历的) persons and developed areas and introducing it to us.He earns our(4)____________(敬重)．The other day, he attended a(5)____________(捐赠)ceremony after a long(6)____________(预备)．He is pleased and has no regrets.
答案：(1)challenging (2)selecting (3)experienced
(4)respect (5)donation (6)preparation
1．不定式在名词way后作定语及在系动词后作表语
He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.
[仿写] 最好的防备方法是进攻。
The best way____________is______________________．
2．as...as what sb.used to do和某人过去一样……
I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school.
[仿写] 我发觉这个地方没有过去那么安静了。
I found the place was not____________________it____________．
3．upon (doing) sth....一(做)……就……
Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
[仿写] 一到那儿，我们就开头打扫卫生。
____________________there, we began to do some cleaning.
4. the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……， 越……
The more choices you have，the better your decisions will be.
[仿写] 你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
The harder you work at your study, ________________you will make.
5. so...that...如此……以至于……
I was a little nervous at first，but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
[仿写] 这儿的风景如此秀丽，以至于无法用言语来描述。
The scenery here is so beautiful________________________．
答案：1.to defend；to make an attack 2.as quiet as what；used to be 3.Upon arriving 4.the greater progress
5．that it is beyond description
I was very happy with the school hours in Britain.On the first day, all students went to attend 1.____________ assembly.During the assembly, the headmaster told 2.____________ that the best way to earn respect from the school was 3.____________ work hard and achieve high grades.In our class 4.____________ were 28 students.This is about the average size for British schools.I found the homework was not heavy，5.____________ it was a bit challenging for me at first because all the homework was 6.____________ English.
My English improved a lot 7.____________ I used English every day and I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings.British food is very different.They eat lots of dessert 8.____________ their main meal.I was very lucky to experience this different way of life.
答案：1.an 2.us 3.to 4.there 5.but 6.in 7.as 8.after
experience vt.经受，体验 n．[U]阅历；[C] 经受
(教材P2)Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.
去英国上了一年的高中对我来说是一段格外欢快且令人兴奋的经受。
(1)by/from experience 凭阅历/从阅历中
have experience in(doing) sth. 有(做)某事的阅历
(2)experienced adj. 有阅历的；阅历丰富的
be experienced in doing 在做……方面有阅历
温馨提示 experience 作“阅历，实践”讲，为不行数名词；作“经受，体验”讲时，为可数名词。
①(2022·高考北京卷·阅读理解)That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.那主要是由于与以往相比，购物是一种截然不同的体验。
②He has much experience_in_repairing computers.
＝He is very experienced_in_repairing computers.
他在修电脑方面很有阅历。
【活用】——用experience的适当形式完成句子
The____________mountain climber ____________ a lot, and he gained much ____________from his own adventurous ____________．
答案：experienced；experienced；experience；experiences
earn vt.赚得；赢得；获得
(教材P2)He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. 他还告知我们，赢得敬重的最佳途径就是认真学习并取得好成果。
(1)earn one’s living＝make one’s living 自行谋生
earn sb.reputation/admiration/praise 为某人赢得赞誉/鄙视/赞扬
earn a fortune 赚大钱
(2) earnings n. 所得收入
①(2022·高考山东卷·完形填空)It took her five years to earn her medical degree.
她用了五年获得医学学位。
②The old man earned_his_living as a fisherman when he was young.这位老人年轻时靠打渔为生。
③Her devotion to caring for the old earned her a good reputation.
她全身心地照看老人，赢得了大家的赞誉。
【活用】——依据提示完成句子
(1)Stephen Hawkins’s achievements__________(赢得)him the praise of the scientific field.
(2)He soon spent all his__________(积蓄)．
(3)When a student’s family is not rich, he has to earn money for part of his college expenses.
(替换earn money)________________
(4)Russ and Earl were automechanics________(挣)the same pay, but Earl had more ambition.
答案：(1)earned (2)earnings (3)make money (4)earning
respect vt.敬重；敬重
n．[U]敬重， 敬重 [C] 细节，方面
(pl.)敬意，问候
(教材P2)He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. 他还告知我们，赢得敬重的最佳途径就是认真学习并取得好成果。
(1)show/have respect for sb. 敬重某人
win/earn/gain the respect of... 赢得……的敬重
(2)respect sb.for... 因……而敬重某人
respect oneself 自尊
respect one’s wishes/rights/feelings/opinions 敬重某人的愿望/权利/感情/意见
(3)give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问好
(4)respected 受人敬重的
respectable 可敬的，风光的
respectful 敬重的，有礼貌的
(5) in respect of/to 就……而言
with respect to 关于，至于
①(2022·高考浙江卷·阅读理解)Friendship is built upon respect_for each other.
友情是建立在相互敬重的基础上的。
②(2022·高考广东卷·阅读理解)He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.
他被同学们选为最可敬的老师。
③He was highly respected as a judge.
作为一个法官，他受到高度的敬重。
温馨提示 respect表示“问候、敬意”的意思时，要用其复数形式respects。
【活用】——依据汉语提示完成句子
(1)He________________(受到敬重)for his great contributions to the reconstruction of the city.
(2)________________________(关于)that question, we need further discussion.
(3)Please________________________________(代我问候)your uncle.
(4)The teacher is respectable, so we are all ________ (敬重)to him.
答案：(1)is respected (2)With respect to (3)give my respects to (4)respectful
devote vt.献身；认真于
(教材P2)He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. 他还告知我们，赢得敬重的最佳途径就是认真学习并取得好成果。
(1)devote oneself to (doing) sth. 献身于(做)某事；认真于(做)某事
devote time(energy/effort etc.) to 为……付出时间(精力、努力等)
(2)be devoted to 挚爱；致力于
(3)one’s devotion to 对……的献身精神/宠爱
表示“专注于做某事”的表达还有：
apply oneself to；focus/concentrate on；bury oneself in/be buried in；fix one’s attention on；be involved in；be absorbed in。
①He devoted all his spare time to helping his students with their English.
他把全部的业余时间都用来挂念他的同学学英语。
②Devoted to the people, he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
③We were deeply moved by his_devotion_to music.
我们为他对音乐的献身精神而深深感动。
温馨提示 以上短语中的to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
【活用】——用devote的适当形式填空
Few people are able to ________themselves fully to their career.Once they are________to it，their ________ must bring them a big success.
答案： devote；devoted；devotion
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词汇devote
average n．[C]平均， 平均数；[U]平均水平；一般水准
adj.一般的；一般的；平均的
(教材P2)This is about the average size for British schools. 英国中学的班级差不多就是这么大。
above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平
on (the/an) average 平均；一般地说
up to (the)average 达到平均的(地)
an average of... (数字)平均有……
①The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
这个班的男生的平均年龄为15岁。
②On average, people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.
一般来说，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人身体更健康。
③Ade’s work at school is above the average, Hans’ is below_the_average and Brooks’ is about up_to_the_average．艾德的功课在中等水平以上，汉斯的在中等水平以下，布鲁克斯的接近中等水平。
【活用】——用average的相关短语填空
(1)____________，men smoke more cigarettes than women.
(2)________________three people were killed in traffic accidents each day last year.
(3)Tom’s sales performance in this company is ________________，while Harry’s is ________________．
答案：(1)On (the) average (2)An average of
(3)above (the) average；below (the) average
struggle vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎
n．[C]斗争；努力；难事
(教材P2)We also had different students in some classes，so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. 上某些课时，我们班上的同学也不一样，所以很难记住每个人的长相和名字。
(1)struggle with/against... 与……做斗争
struggle for.../struggle to do sth.
为……而奋斗，努力做……
(2)struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle along/on 牵强生存下去；挣扎前进
①(2022·高考陕西卷·阅读理解)Why do Americans struggle_with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin?
为什么美国人始终努力地把握着他们的体重，而经常消耗高热量食品的法国人却能始终保持得很苗条？
②(2021·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ·单项填空)India attained independence in 1947, after a long struggle.
在长期的斗争之后，印度于1947年获得了独立。
③She found it a struggle for her to make herself understood.她发觉要让别人明白她的意思真是件费劲的事。
【活用】——用适当的介词填空
(1)The wounded young man struggled ________ his feet.
(2)He struggled ________ his freedom.
(3)A strong man will struggle ________ storm of fate.
(4)Life became a struggle________ survival.
(5)It was not easy for him to study a foreign language at such an advanced age, but he struggled ________．
答案：(1)to (2)for (3)with/against (4)for (5) on
exchange v．&n.兑换；交换；沟通
(教材P5)Next year, I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme, and I found your article a great encouragement to me.
明年， 我方案参与一个交换生的方案，到中国的一所中学读书， 我发觉你的文章给我很大的鼓舞。
(1)exchange sth.with sb. 与某人互换某物
exchange...for... 用……交换……
(2)in exchange for 换取，交换……
in exchange 作为交换
(3)exchangeable adj. 可交换的；可更换的；可兑换的
①(2022·高考福建卷·单项填空)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
琳达，作为一名交换生，过去的一年是在香港度过的，因此她看上去比同龄人更成熟。
②They exchanged experience with us after returning from Australia.
从澳大利亚回来之后，他们和我们进行了阅历沟通。
③You may exchange it for a brown one if your husband doesn’t like the color.
假如你丈夫不宠爱这颜色，你可以换棕色的一件。
温馨提示 留意exchangeable的拼写。
【活用】——用exchange的相关短语填空
(1)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________________favors to them.
(2)If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you，you can easily ________________any other course that we offer.
(3)They have offered to release the reporters，but what do they want ________________？
答案：(1)in exchange for (2)exchange it for
(3)in exchange
inform vt.告知，通知
(教材P16)We regret to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday，Thursday and Friday for the sports meeting. 我们圆满地通知大家由于运动会图书馆下周三、四、五不对外开放。
(1)inform sb.of/about sth. 通知某人某事
inform sb.that/how/when，etc.
通知/告知某人……
(2)informed adj. 有学问的，有见识的
keep sb.informed of sth. 随时告知某人某事
be well informed of/about 精通某事；对……消息灵通
be informed of... 听说；接到……的通知
①The headmaster informed the students that the school would be closed for two weeks as the result of H7N9 flu.
校长告知同学学校由于H7N9流感将停课两周。
②I informed_them_of my arrival.
我告知他们我到了。
③Keep me informed whatever happens.
有事随时通知我。
温馨提示 类似结构：
remind sb.of sth. 提示某人某事
convince sb.of sth. 使某人信任某事
warn sb.of sth. 警告某人某事
rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物
suspect sb.of sth. 怀疑某人某事
rid sb.of sth. 消退某人某事
【活用】A——依据汉语提示完成句子
(1)The nurse________________________(通知我们)visiting hours were over.
(2)The secretary should ________________________________________(随时告知经理)any change of the business at any time.
答案：(1)informed us that (2)keep the manager informed of
【活用】B——句型转换
(1)I informed her mother that she had safely arrived.
→I ______________________________ her safe arrival.
(2)If you get some information about it，please tell me in time.
→________________________if you get some information about it.
答案：(1)informed her mother of/about (2)Keep me informed
approve vt.& vi.赞成，同意
vt.批准，通过
(教材P18)He approved the idea，and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member. 他同意了这个想法。两年后，我作为元老负责校广播俱
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