2021高考英语(湖南专用)大二轮总复习定时训练-14.docx

定时训练(14)
专题特训(阅读理解——细节理解)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

体裁：记叙文　话题：人与动物　时间：7分钟
(2021·东营二模)For their nick－of－time acts，Toby，a 2－year－old dog，and Winnie，a cute cat，were named Dog and Cat of the Year by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
As Amy Paul choked on a piece of apple at her home，her dog jumped up，landing hard on her chest and forcing the piece in her throat out.When the Keesling family of Indiana was about to be killed by carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)，their cat clawed at the wife Cathy's hair until she woke up and called for help.
No one could explain their timely heroics.
Both pets were rescued by their owners in infancy—Toby as a 4－week－old thrown into a dustbin to die，and Winnie as a week－old orphan hiding under a barn，so helpless that Cathy's husband，Eric，had to feed her milk with a special tool.
As the Keeslings recalled it，a gas－driven pump being used broke down，spreading carbon monoxide through the house.By the time Winnie went to rescue，the couple's 14－year－old son was already unconscious.“Winnie jumped on the bed and was clawing at me，with a kind of angry sound，”Cathy Keesling said.The state police responding to her 911 call said the family was only minutes from death，judging by the amount of poisonous gas in the house.
Amy Paul's husband was at his job when she took a midday break from making jewelry and bit into an apple.“Normally I peel(削皮) them，but I read in Good Housekeeping Magazine that the skin has all the nutrients，so I ate the skin，and that's what caused me to choke，”she recalled.“I couldn't breathe and I was in panic when Toby jumped on me.He never does that，but he did，and saved my life.”
Both Toby and Winnie accompanied their owners to the awards lunch.
【语篇导读】　本文主要叙述了一条叫Toby的狗在仆人被噎住的状况下，跳到仆人背上，将苹果皮逼出，从而救了仆人。一只叫Winnie的猫，在仆人一家一氧化碳中毒的状况下，通过抓仆人头发，让其糊涂，从而使全家人得救。
1．Why did Amy Paul choke on a piece of apple?
A．She had a big bite.
B．The apple was too hard.
C．She was too young to care for herself.
D．She didn't peel the skin as usual.
解析　细节理解题。依据倒数其次段其次句话“Normally I peel(削皮) them，but I read in Good Housekeeping Magazine that the skin has all the nutrients，so I ate the skin，and that's what caused me to choke，”she recalled.可知Amy Paul被噎住的缘由是由于她没有像平常那样将苹果皮削掉。
答案　D
2．Winnie saved the lives of its owner's whole family in an accident by________．
A．jumping onto its owner
B．calling for help
C．clawing at Cathy's hair
D．making some strange noises
解析　细节理解题。依据其次段最终一句话“When the Keesling family of Indiana was about to be killed by carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)，their cat clawed at the wife Cathy's hair until she woke up and called for help.”可知Winnie救仆人一家人是通过抓Cathy的头发。
答案　C
3．Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “infancy” in Paragraph 4?
A．middle age B．youth
C．babyhood D．agedness
解析　考查词义猜想题。依据第四段第一句话中的“Toby as a 4－week－old thrown into a dustbin to die，and Winnie as a week－old orphan hiding under a barn”可知Toby 和Winnie被救的时候还处于婴儿期。故选C项。
答案　C
4．What caused the carbon monoxide spreading through the house?
A．A pump breaking down.
B．A driver breaking into the house.
C．The burning gas.
D．The poisonous gas.
解析　细节理解题。依据第六段第一句话“As the Keeslings recalled it，a gas－driven pump being used broke down，spreading carbon monoxide through the house.”可知导致一氧化碳在房间集中的缘由是由于输气管裂开了。故选A。
答案　A
5．What would be the suitable title for the passage?
A．So Smart Animals Are
B．Dog and Cat Honored for Saving Their Masters
C．Unforgettable Experiences
D．Great Honors for Cat and Dog
解析　考查文章标题题。本文主要叙述了一条叫Toby的狗和一只叫Winnie的猫勇救仆人的故事。故选择B项作为文章的标题最合适。
答案　B

体裁：记叙文　话题：人生经受　时间：8分钟
(2022·青岛市质检)The group of people introduced themselves to me and my German classmate Julia.They were from a production company，currently in the process of filming a movie based in DuAn，a rural area a few hours north of Nanning.They tried to explain the plot of the film，but neither mine nor Julia's Chinese was good enough to fully understand what they were saying.They then asked if we would be interested in being part of the project.
I came to China to experience new things and new opportunity，and being in a movie sounded so exciting.So in less than a second，I jumped at the chance of being in the film.Julia on the other hand was not so enthusiastic.It took 30 minutes to convince her to be part of the film，and she eventually accepted the chance.
That afternoon we were taken to the production company's office to meet the director and some of the cast.We all sat together，drinking tea，talking about why I and Julia were in China and about the film.It seemed a little bit like a dream.
Ever since I was a small child，I dreamed of becoming a movie star，but I would never have guessed that my dream would come true，especially now in China.
At the end of the talk，we were given scripts (剧本)and had a few photographs taken.We were given the production schedule and ensured that our scenes would only be shot at weekends so it wouldn't interfere (影响)with our studies.We left the office excited about the film，but unknowing what filming was actually like.
On our first day of filming，we were picked up in the early morning from the university and we drove deep into the countryside.
We arrived on location and waited for our scene to be shot.We watched as the other actors and crew went about their work，busy shooting and re－shooting the same scene from different angles and perspectives.I never knew how much effort and care went into filming even the most short and simple scene.It was then our turn to shoot，and I was very nervous and very excited.
【语篇导读】　本文介绍了一位不懂汉语外国女孩在中国的经受故事。
6．From the first paragraph we know that________．
A．The writer was also a German
B．DuAn is the name of the new film
C．Neither the writer's Chinese nor her classmate's was very good
D．They wanted the writer to be the director of the film
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第一段第三句可知，作者和她同学的汉语都不好。故C项正确。
答案　C
7．From the passage we can learn that the writer________．
A．was interested in new things
B．was interested in exciting films
C．jumped high in the film
D．wasn't as enthusiastic as Julia for the film
解析　细节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句以及下文中对她做演员的叙述可知，作者对新颖事物感爱好。故A项正确。
答案　A
8．Which of the following is TRUE about the filming?
A．Before being a part of the film，the writer has to make friends with the director.
B．An actor or actress must recite all the scripts (剧本)．
C．Before being a part of the film，one must know what filming is actually like.
D．Sometimes the same scene can be shot or reshot many times.
解析　细节理解题。依据文章最终一段其次句可知，拍电影时有时一个镜头往往会从不同的角度拍上多遍。故D项正确。A、B、C三项文章均未提及，故排解。
答案　D
9．What might happen in the paragraph to be followed?
A．The writer was praised in her university.
B．The writer became very famous as a new actress.
C．How the writer performed in the film.
D．How the writer went along with other actors.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章最终一段最终一句和全文可知，已经轮到作者拍了，她感到既紧急又兴奋。故可推知，下面将写她如何拍电影。故C项正确。
答案　C
10．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?
A．A foreign girl's adventure.
B．A foreign girl's experience as an “actress”．
C．A foreign girl's college life in China.
D．A foreign girl's trip to the countryside.
解析　标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲一位很不擅长汉语的外国女孩在中国拍电影的经受。故B项正确。
答案　B

体裁：说明文　话题：航天科技　时间：7分钟
It was a modest test drive: Moving forward 15 feet，turning in place 120 degrees，then backing up about 8 feet.The entire trip took about 16 minutes.
But for the team behind Curiosity，the six－wheeled NASA rover(探测器) that landed on Mars 17 days ago，the first tracks on Mars were an exciting milestone.“It couldn't be more important，” Peter C．Theisinger，the mission's project manager，said.“I mean，we built a rover.So unless the rover moves，we really haven't accomplished anything.”
Curiosity，which was launched on November 26，2011，is to spend about a couple of years traveling through a 96－mile－wide crater(陨石坑) and up a mountain at the center of the crater，exploring for signs that early Mars could have been habitable for life.
But that journey of miles started a few feet away from Bradbury Landing，where Curiosity set down on Aug.6，2022.The spot had been named for Ray Bradbury，the author of The Martian Chronicles and other influential science－fiction novels.He would have turned 92 on Wednesday.
Recently，Curiosity has been busy with other exercises.On Sunday，the rover fired a laser instrument for the first time，hitting a rock and analyzing the atomic make－up.On Monday，it extended its arm.On Tuesday，it moved its four corner wheels in preparation for the drive.
“Everything has been going extremely well，” Mr.Theisinger said.So far，the only broken instrument has been a wind sensor that may have been damaged during the landing，NASA said.
During the next week，as more instruments are checked out，Curiosity is to head to its first destination，called Glenelg.At first，Curiosity will move only about 30 feet at a time.As its engineers gain experience，the drives will stretch to longer than the length of a football field.
Mr.Theisinger warned that the early successes did not ensure future ones.So far，the mission has accomplished only two of its primary goals：to launch on time and to land on Mars.“We've got a long way to go before this mission meets its full potential，” he said.
【语篇导读】　美国国家航空航天局放射的古怪   号火星探测器在降落火星17天后首次试车，迈出了火星探险的第一步。
11．What does Peter C．Theisinger think of the test drive?
A．It hasn't accomplished anything.
B．It is of great importance.
C．It ended up as a failure.
D．It was not smooth.
解析　考查细节理解。依据其次段其次句“It couldn't be more important”可知，Peter C．Theisinger认为这次试车格外重要。
答案　B
12．Which part of Curiosity was damaged according to the passage?
A．A laser instrument. B．A wind sensor.
C．Its arm. D．Its four corner wheels.
解析　考查细节理解。依据倒数第三段其次句可知，古怪   号火星探测器的风力传感器在着陆时受损，其他一切都完好，故答案选B项。
答案　B
13．Curiosity is mainly designed to ______．
A．search for evidence of life on Mars
B．prepare for human landing on Mars
C．explore the natural resources on Mars
D．try out some scientific instruments
解析　考查细节理解。依据第三段中的“exploring for signs that early Mars could have been habitable for life”可知，古怪   号火星探测器的主要任务是查找早期火星适合生命存在的证据。
答案　A
14．We can infer that Ray Bradbury ______．
A．designed the Mars rover Curiosity
B．is a space scientist from NASA
C．has just died
D．is an English science－fiction writer
解析　考查推理推断。由第四段最终一句“He would have turned 92 on Wednesday”．可知，他原来在星期三就要过他的92岁生日了。言外之意是他刚刚离开了人世。
答案　C
15．What is Mr.Theisinger's attitude towards the mission?
A．Very optimistic. B．Very confident.
C．Very disappointed. D．Very cautious.
解析　考查推理推断。从最终一段可以看出Theisinger先生出言谨慎认为目前取得的成功并不能代表将来，在彻底完成任务前，还有很长的一段路要走。故选D项。
答案　D
【长难句解读】
原文　But for the team behind Curiosity，the six－wheeled NASA rover(探测器) that landed on Mars 17 days ago，the first tracks on Mars were an exciting milestone.
译文　17天前，美国国家航空航天局研制的六轮火星探测器古怪   号在火星上着陆。但是对于古怪   号幕后的团队来说，古怪   号在火星上留下的第一串脚印     才是令人兴奋的里程碑。
分析　这是一个主从复合句。主句是the first tracks on Mars were an exciting milestone。that在此引导一个定语从句，修饰rover。the six－wheeled NASA rover是Curiosity的同位语。