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单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解
[共两节，满分60分]
第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·长沙重点中学高三月考)Three boys and three girls were going to Lauderdale.Florida，dreaming of golden beaches as the gray cold of New York was left behind them.When the bus passed through New Jersey，they began to notice a man，who sat in front of them，dressed in a plain，illfitting suit，never moving，his dusty face masking his age.
Shortly after a snack at the Howard Johnson’s outside Washington，they went back to the bus，and one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself.
“We’re going to Florida，”she said brightly.“I hear it’s really beautiful.”
“It is，”he said quietly，as if remembering something he had tried to forget.
“Want some wine？”she said.
He smiled and took a full glass.After a while，slowly and painfully，he told his story.His name was Vingo and had been in jail in New York for the past four years.Last week he was released from imprisonment and now going home.
“When I was in prison I wrote to my wife，”he said.“I told her that I was going to be away a long time，and that if she couldn’t stand it，she could just forget me，I’d understand.We used to live in Brunswick，just before Jacksonville，and there’s a big oak tree just as you come into town.Last week，I wrote her again.I told her that if she’d take me back，she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree，and I’d get off and come home.If she didn’t want me，forget it，no handkerchief，and I’d go through.”
She told the others，and soon all of them were in it，caught up in the approach of Brunswick，waiting for the approach of the great oak tree.Now they were 10 miles from Brunswick，and then five.Then，suddenly，all of the young people were up out of their seats，screaming and shouting and crying，doing small dances of joy.The oak tree was covered with yellow handkerchiefs，20 of them，30 of them，maybe hundreds，a tree that stood like small flags of welcome flying in the wind.As the young people shouted，Vingo rose and made his way to the front of the bus to go home.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是一个囚徒Vingo在四年后回家，在监狱的时候，他写信给他的妻子，告知她假如期望他回家，就在外面的橡树上挂上黄丝带，假如没有黄丝带说明她不期望他回家，当他快到家的时候，看到橡树上挂满了黄丝带。
1．What attracted the six young people when their bus passed through New Jersey?
A．The Howard Johnson’s.
B．A poorlydressed man.
C．Golden beaches.
D．A mysterious man with a mask.
解析：选B。细节理解题。依据第一段的句子：When the bus passed through New Jersey，they began to notice a man，who sat in front of them，dressed in a plain，illfitting suit，never moving，his dusty face masking his age.可知当他们的汽车通过New Jersey时，他们看到一个衣着破旧的人。故选B项。
2．Why did all the young people shout with joy when they arrived in Brunswick?
A．They were only 5 miles away from their destination.
B．They were surprised to see so many welcoming people.
C．They were sure that Vingo’s wife was expecting him home.
D．The oak tree was still standing there welcoming Vingo back home.
解析：选C。推理推断题。从最终一段的句子Then，suddenly，all of the young people were up out of their seats，screaming and shouting...like small flags of welcome flying in the wind.可知Vingo的妻子在树上挂满了黄丝带，说明她是期望他回家的，孩子们都为Vingo感到兴奋。故选C项。
3．What can be the best title for the story?
A．Going Home B．An Oak Tree
C．Yellow Handkerchiefs D．A Bus Trip
解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文主要叙述了一个囚徒在四年之后回家途中的忐忑担忧的心情。故选A项。
B
(2022·湖北沙市试验中学高三月考)I received a call today asking if I would be willing to bring food to a family in need. The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for several weeks.Of course, I responded with an immediate “Yes！”. As I planned the meal in my head, I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food. I have done so countless times with a very open heart.
But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. When my mother passed away, our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks. A woman from the church of our community stopped by each evening with some food. The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain.
Later in my life，when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy with twins, women of the church again stepped in to help. They arranged babysitting for my twoyearold daughter, and brought lovely dinners to our house. Even when I was put in the hospital, my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room. How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired husband and young daughter.
Food is all about comfort. It feeds our bodies, but it can also feed our souls. When you hear people talking about their favourite holidays, it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food. I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to prepare food for others. It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need.
【语篇解读】 作者在应别人的要求为一家需要别人挂念的人们预备饭菜时，想到了自己在困难时期曾经受到的挂念，也想到了自己多年来为别人做过的事情，由此内心获得了极大的满足。她认为给别人送去的食物不但让别人填饱肚子，同时也能滋养我们的灵魂。
4．The author has given lots of food to others because ________．
A．she is poor at cooking
B．she is a church member
C．she is friendly to others
D．she has received others’ food
解析：选D。细节理解题。文章其次段中的the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life以及our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks等都说明白作者以前收到过被人送的食品，得到过别人的挂念，故选D项。
5．We can learn from the first paragraph that the author ________．
A．had to stay in bed for several weeks
B．knew the family in need very well
C．was glad to be able to lend a hand
D．was tired of preparing food
解析：选C。推理推断题。从第一段作者的描述I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food.I have done so countless times with a very open heart.可知作者是个乐于助人的人，所以选C项。
6．Which of the following is TRUE about the author?
A．Her mother died when she was in hospital.
B．She didn’t get enough food during her pregnancy.
C．She received food as well as comfort in her hard times.
D．She thinks offering food is the best way to show love.
解析：选C。细节理解题。依据其次段中的The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain.以及第三段的描述可知作者在母亲去世时和自己怀孕期间不仅收到过食物也收到了别人带来的劝慰，故选C项。
7．According to the passage，which of the following conclusions can we get?
A．A good beginning makes a good ending.
B．One good turn deserves another.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．Every man has his faults.
解析：选B。主旨大意题。依据文章内容可知作者受到过别人的挂念，而且也乐观的去挂念别人，自己也因此获得了内心的满足和欢快，由此可知B项正确。
C
(2022·湖南桑植一中高三联考)The only survivor of one of the two Sandy Hook Elementary School firstgrade classrooms where Adam Lanza shot and killed 20 children tricked the gunman by playing dead, the girl’s pastor(牧师)said.
“She ran out of the school building covered from head to toe with blood and the first thing she said to her mom was，‘Mommy, I’m OK but all my friends are dead’”，Pastor Jim Solomon told ABC News’ Lara Spencer this weekend.
“Somehow, at that moment, by God’s grace, she was able to act as she was already dead.”he said.
The girl, a 6yearold whose name is not being announced for privacy(隐私)reasons, was the first student to appear from the lockdown(封锁)at Sandy Hook, Solomon said. He said the young girl described the shooter to her mom in a way that only a young child can.
“Well, she saw someone who she felt was angry and someone she felt was very mad，”Solomon said. “I think it’s impossible without the help of God. She has wisdom beyond her years, for sure.”
Of the 20 children killed on Friday in the Newtown, Conn. school，eight were boys and 12 were girls.Six staff members, all female, were also killed. The gunman，whose mother was also killed by him before he went to the school classrooms, was found dead at the present spot.
“The mom told me—and I thought this was very insightful(有深刻见解的)—that she was suffering from what she felt was survivor’s guilt because so many of her friends no longer have their children but she has hers，” Solomon said how the girl’s mother and father are handling the trauma(损害)．“I don’t know whether I would have the type of faith that they have if the same thing happened to me.”
【语篇解读】 文章报道了Sandy Hook学校发生的枪击大事，唯一一个女孩通过装死骗过了枪手逃过一劫。
8．How did the girl manage to avoid being shot?
A．She pretended to be dead.
B．She hid herself under the desk.
C．She rushed out of the school building in time.
D．She persuaded the shooter into not shooting her.
解析：选A。细节理解题。从第一段的句子The only survivor of one of the two Sandy Hook Elementary School firstgrade classrooms where Adam Lanza shot and killed 20 children tricked the gunman by playing dead，可知这个女孩没有被枪杀是由于她装死了，故选A项。
9．Which of the following best describes the girl?
A．Talented and innocent.
B．Serious and insightful.
C．Active and happy.
D．Clever and brave.
解析：选D。推理推断题。从其次段的句子“She ran out of the school building covered from head to toe with blood and the first thing she said to her mom was，‘Mommy，I’m OK but all my friends are dead’”可知这个女孩很英勇，从第五段的句子I think it’s impossible without the help of God.She has wisdom beyond her years，for sure.可知这个女孩是很聪慧的，故选D项。
10．Which of the following is TRUE about the girl’s mom?
A．She was disappointed with the pastor.
B．She felt very dissatisfied with other parents.
C．She felt terribly sorry for those who had lost their children.
D．She strongly condemned the police.
解析：选C。推理推断题。从最终一段的句子：“The mom told me—and I thought this was very insightful(有深刻见解的)—that she was suffering from what she felt was survivor’s guilt because so many of her friends no longer have their children but she has hers，”可知女孩的妈妈对那些失去孩子的人感到很难过，选C。
11．What can we know from the text?
A．It is not difficult for the parents to handle the trauma.
B．The girl’s parents have asked for help from their pastor.
C．The girl has helped the police in catching the gunman.
D．The gunman has worked in the school.
解析：选B。推理推断题。从最终一段的句子：Solomon said how the girl’s mother and father are handling the trauma(损害)．“I don’t know whether I would have the type of faith that they have if the same thing happened to me.”可知女孩的父母向牧师求助，选B。
D
(2022·湖南益阳高三检测)Simply saying “thank you” may benefit both the person who is thanked and the person who expresses gratitude，according to the results of studies conducted by researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee.
The studies were published in the latest issue of Psychological Science.It was found that saying “thank you” strengthens relationships by causing the person expressing thanks to feel more responsible for the person who is being thanked.
To understand how expressing gratitude helps strengthen relationships，the researchers conducted three different studies.
In one study，137 college students completed a survey regarding how often they expressed gratitude to a friend or partner.Results showed that gratitude was positively linked with the person’s perception(看法) of the relationship between him and his friend or partner.
In another study involving 218 college students, the expressers believed that expressing gratitude made the relationships become closer.
In the third study, 75 men and women were divided into four groups.Over a threeweek period, one group expressed gratitude to a friend；another thought grateful thoughts about a friend, while a third thought about daily activities and a fourth had positive interactions(互动)with a friend. Those who expressed gratitude reported stronger relationships at the end of the study than those in the other groups.
Gratitude, when expressed, strengthened relationships, according to the studies’ lead author, Nathaniel Lambert .He said the findings make sense because when you express gratitude to someone, you are focusing on the good things that person has done for you. It makes you see them in a more positive light and helps you to focus on their good qualities.
Although the studies only looked at the people expressing gratitude, Lambert thought that those who are being thanked will often want to express their gratitude back, which helps form a harmonious(和谐的)atmosphere among people.
【语篇解读】 本文主要是关于表达感谢之情的新争辩发觉，它可以大大改善人际关系。
12．Researchers at Florida State University believe that expressers of gratitude may ________．
A．receive better education
B．care more about others
C．know the benefits of saying “thank you”
D．know the benefits of being thanked
解析：选B。细节理解题。由其次段的causing the person expressing thanks to feel more responsible for the person who is being thanked.可知选B项。
13．In the third study，why did researchers divide the participants into several groups?
A．To prove a conclusion.
B．To test a theory.
C．To compare research results.
D．To collect more information.
解析：选C。推理推断题。在第三项争辩结束时，对说“感谢”小组成员之间的关系与其它小组作了比较，由此可知其目的是对结果进行比较。
14．How many people were involved in the first two studies?
A．137. B．218.
C．75. D．355.
解析：选D。数字计算题。由第四段第一句及第五段第一句可知，355名高校生参与。
15．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Saying “thank you” helps defeat your enemies
B．Saying “thank you” to create a sweet atmosphere
C．Simple “thank you”，high expectations
D．Simple “thank you” has new benefits
解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文主要是关于表达感谢之情的新争辩发觉，它可以大大改善人际关系，故D项符合全文主旨。
其次节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2022·哈师大附中第一次高考模拟)Don’t you just love ice skating every winter? I am sure that since winter is approaching，your skates are set to come out，just waiting to be used. Impress your friends with your new trick on how to iceskate backwards with the help of these tips.
Stand straight
The first thing that you need to do is，stand straight.16.________，if you feel that you are falling backwards. Don’t worry; this happens to all.
Confidence is what you need
The most important step while learning how to skate backwards，is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. How can you achieve this? By practice. One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance，then scissor(做剪式运动)your skates. 17.________．
Maintain speed
Try sculling(滑)with one skate while rolling in a straight line with the other. 18.________. Now bring the skate which you are using to scull，and then again，repeat the same process. Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling.
Now，try the same thing using the other foot.
19．________．
Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot，the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed. Try some of your own tricks now. Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
Scull and be aware
While you keep one foot straight，keep sculling with the other. You can do that with both feet at the same time. 20.________，but don’t get so involved that you don’t see where you are going. If you are not watching your back，you might just bang against something or someone.
A．That is，keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke(滑动)
B．While going backwards，just get used to the feeling of moving backwards
C．Keep practicing this till you are confident about it
D．Increase your speed now
E．One must be brave enough to learn to iceskate backwards
F．Concentrate on what you are doing
G．J
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