2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题02-代词(解析版).docx

【母题再现】题型介绍：代词辨析考点，是英语高考命题的热点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：代词的用法辨析、不定代词的用法、反身代词的用法和代词的基本用法等。命题形式：本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.语法填空（短文填空）（毁灭在全国卷中）3.短文改错；4.阅读理解中的猜想试题中。高考选题：题型1：【2022四川卷】1. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked_ and moved to Cambridge.A. both B. neither C. none D. either题型2：【2022辽宁卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太极).Would you like to join me?Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?Jonny:It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter: OK. Dont laugh 1 me. I may look funny.Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 2 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly , then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 3 (pain)Jonny: Keep 4 (hold) your position for a while .It helps develop your strength and flexibility .Raise your leg and let 5 stay in the air for seconds.Peter: I feel my legs shaking . I cannot do this any longer.Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 6 (call)“shadow boxing in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 7 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 8 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 9 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 10 .题型3：【2022四川卷】 短文改错(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)下面短文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。留意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Dont panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If its a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.题型4：【2022届江西省师大附中高三10月月考试题】Holidays are really important. Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits, they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safeguarding childrens welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed.While teachers are holidaying in the UK, many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council (委员会)is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real “down time for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.【小题1】71.The passage is probably written by .A. an experienced teacherB. a working parentC. an inspired studentD. a city council member【小题2】72.The underlined word they in the second paragraph refers to .A. environmentsB. holidaysC. wagesD. benefits【小题3】73.It is suggested in the passage that the summer break be reduced to.A. 2 weeksB. 4.5 weeksC. 5 weeksD. 6 weeks【小题4】74.The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students_.A. obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costsB. get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in schoolC. benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environmentD. have more school days to receive free school meals【小题5】75.It can be inferred from the passage that_.A. working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their childrenB. the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried outC. the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real down timeD. some school staff will say “ No to the plans for a shorter summer holiday【答案】【小题1】D解题技巧：从近几年的高考题来看。代词的考点主要集中在不定代词以及it的用法上。命题点：一是不同代词之间的意义和功能，如：all，both，none，neither，either，any等意义区分；it，one，ones，that，those的不同指代功能；二是不同代词在语法特征上的差异。解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：代词类试题应留意：1、it的用法在英语中，运用it的场合较多。从它在句中的作用和意义来看，it的用法可分为三类：1指代作用(1)用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不行数名词)。如：Although we cannot see it，there is air all around us虽然我们看不见空气，但它却在我们的四周。(2)代替前面的整个句子。如：It is said that he has died of a disease，but it isnt true据说他已经病死了，但这不是真的。(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this，that。如： What is this?这是什么? Its a bike是自行车。(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。如：The baby cried because it was hungry婴儿哭是由于饿了。(婴儿习惯上不区分性别) Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门? Its me是我。(5)指环境、情形等。如：I cant stand it any longer我再也不能容忍这种状况了。Take it easy别紧急。It doesnt matter没关系。(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。如：Its getting colder and colder now现在越来越冷了。It is winter now现在是冬天了。2形式作用(1)形式主语当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语。如：Its no use crying over spilt milk谚覆水难收。It takes three generations to make a gentleman谚十年树木，百年树人。当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时，往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。如：You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious你必需向他们表明形势是严峻的。)They thought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events他们觉得和客人们谈近来发生的事情很困难。特殊提示形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中，谓语动词appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it。如：I would appreciate it if you paid in cash假如你能支付现金的话，我会不胜感谢。The boy likes it when you do that那个男孩宠爱你那样做。2、不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing(1)something一般用在确定句中，也可以用在表示邀请、征询意见的委婉问句中。如：Could you do something for me?请为我做点事好吗?(2)anything用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中。如：There isnt anything inside里面什么也没有。(3)everything意为”一切事物”，可用在确定句或疑问句中。用于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定时要用nothing或not anything。如：Everything is good when new，but friends when old东西是新的好，伴侣是老的亲。(谚语)(4)nothing表示”什么也没有”，常用于陈述句，表示否定意义，不能与否定词连用。如：Do nothing by halves凡事不行半途而废。(谚语)Fools learn nothing from wise men，but wise men learn much from fools愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。(谚语)3、it，one，ones， that和those(1)it特指上文所提到的同一个物，它所代替的名词常由the，this，that等修饰。one指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，不特指，被指代的名词通常由不定代词some或any修饰。如：Where is that book?I cant find it那本书在哪儿?我找不到它。I havent got any erasersWill you please give me one?我没有橡皮，请你给我一块好吗?(2)one与that都可用来代替上文中毁灭的名词，one前要用定冠词the，有时that和the one可互换使用。如：The book isnt so interesting as the one/that you borrowed这本书不如你借的那本好玩。(3)但that和one在多数状况下是不能互换的，主要区分在于：that既可代替可数名词，也可代替不行数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those。one只能代替可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one，不用that。当of短语作可数名词的后置定语时，用that，不用one。如：The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan最好的香烟是那些来自云南的。The boy told me his story and that of the girl next door这个男孩跟我讲了他以及隔壁那个女孩的故事。Your coat is blue，and my new one is green你的外套是蓝色的，我的新外套是绿色的。(4)the ones用来代替上文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的状况下。如：The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk桌上的那些书比桌下的好。6another，other，others，more(1)another既可以单独使用，也可以用于单数名词前，泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。还可以用“another+数量词+复数名词”，表示”再，又”。如：Was there another way out?还有别的路出去吗?Wed better wait another five minutes我们最好再等五分钟。特殊提示表示“另外一个同学”只能用another student，不能说成another one student。(2)other不能单独使用，应用于复数名词前，表示另外的某些人或物，也可以用在some，any，no之后，或具体数词之后，再接名词，构成”不定代词或具体数词+other+名词”；接单数名词时，还可以用在冠词the后，特指两个人或物中的另外一个(可以省略为the other)，或特指另外的某些人或物(可以省略为the others)，others泛指”其他的(事物)，别人”。如：One remained and the other went away一个留下了，另一个走了。We should learn to treat others as equals我们应当学会公正待人。【考点揭秘】高频考点一：考查it的用法1【浙江省宁波市2022届高三其次次模拟】 Id appreciate _ if you can turn the radio down, for my baby is sleeping. A. itB. that C. this D. you【浙江省鄞州区余姚市2022届高三5月模拟】He was no longer a (an)_ who failed in big events, like the 2008 Beijing Olympics, where he finished an unimpressive 11th.A. anything B. nothing C. anybody D. nobody高频考点三：考查one的用法【浙江省湖州市八校2022届高三上学期其次次联考】The story conveys a strong message, _ that will hopefully touch all who read it. A. it B. that C. those D. one27【浙江省建人高复2022届高三上学期第五次月考】 For quite a few students, their teachers advice is more important than _ of their parents.A. one B. that C. it D. any【浙江省象山一般高中2022届高三第一次模拟】The old lady is said to have three children，two of _studying abroad. A. whom B. them C. all D. who 【浙江省湖州市菱湖中学2022届高三10月月考】Shopping on the Internet enables people not to search for goods from one store to _. A. others B. the other C. another D. the rest【直击高考】代词1.【2022全国大纲卷】25.Whos that at the door? is the milkman.A. He B. It C. This D. That2.【2022全国大纲卷】28.I think Mrs. Stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age.A. anywhere B. anybodyC. anyhow D. anything3.【2022重庆卷】1. A smile costs _, but gives much. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything4.【2022山东卷】4. Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her5.【2022江西卷】32. -When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon?-_. Ill be in all day.A. Any B. None C. Neither D. Either 6.【2022浙江卷】3.An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850. A. each B. it C. this D. one7.【2022福建卷】21. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks.A. another B. others C. both D. all8.【2022江苏卷】34. Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing9.【2022陕西卷】21. Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A. it B. you C. one D. this10.【2022安徽卷】24You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone【课后反馈】夯实基础：1.【2022届四川省成都高毕业班第一次诊断性检测】 My own handwriting style is different from _of my friends. A it B. this C. that D. one考点：考查代词的用法。2.【2022届四川省成都外国语学校高三10月月考试题】However difficult you find to arrange your time, it will pay off in the long run.A .thisB. oneC. itD. that3.【2022届四川省成都市乐山一中高三10月月考试题】Although he likes singing very much, he is but a singer. A. anything B. something C.everthing D. nothing4.2022届四川省宜宾市南溪二中高三9月月考试题】一I bought this coat at taobaocomIt looks beautifulAs I am busy，can you buy for me? Athis Bthat CsuchDone5【2022届四川省苍溪中学高三下学期月考试题】Chinese new traffic rules in 2021 give more severe punishment to offenders compared with _ carried out in previous years. A. that B. those C. one D. it力气拓展：6【2022届广西桂林十八校其次次月考】If you want to change for a red one youll have to pay _ $ 20 . A. another B. other C. more D. each_ 7【2022届天津一中5月考】8. It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars .What is he?_ of a manager, I am not sure.A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Something D. Anything 8【2022届浙江省五校其次次联考】8. Although we may not realize _, when we talk with others we make ourselves understood not just by words but also by body movements.A. itB. themC. thatD. ourselves9【2022届江西省重点中学协作体其次次联考】26. _ of the parents has confirmed it was their childs fault to be late for class, saying the school bus came later than usual. A. Both B. EitherC. None D. Neither10【2022届甘肃民乐一中5月诊断】One day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw41_elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair.As I looked42_( close )at this girl, I found that she was fixed on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, a neck andupper body,43_( dress ) in a little white skirt.As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head toward the girl. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back44 _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. All of a sudden, herhandicapwas gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl,45_smile just melted me46_almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of47_life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and48_( bring ) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and49_( warm ). Im a successful business man now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught50_.【答案】【小题1】an 自我提升：11【2022届四川省成都七中高三二诊模拟英语试