2021江苏溧水县高考英语一轮课外练习(3)及答案.docx

2021江苏溧水县高考英语一轮课外练习（3）及答案

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[谈论文型完形填空]-
We always want what we cannot have. When we're young, we want to stay out late, have romantic relationships, and be __1__. However, when we're __2__， we want to go back to being young and we __3__ the days when we didn't have to worry about complex love affairs, __4__ pressure, and money problems.
Young people believe adulthood __5__ freedom from parents and schoolwork. When we get older，we feel that __6__ is freedom from work pressure and family responsibilities. To __7__ this feeling, people say, “The grass is always greener on the other side.”
As teenagers, we like to be like adults but as young adults, we __8__ to be young again. We think about staying out late and having our own money to spend. Suddenly, we see that love can result in __9__ hearts; staying out late makes it hard to get ready for __10__ the next morning. We find out that adult life is not as __11__ as we thought it would be and suddenly, life becomes very scary.
Life is fair. It gives us time to __12__ but also requires us to work. The time will come when we must grow up and we will always look back wishing we __13__ being young a bit longer. That time will not come back. It is normal to want what we cannot have but the __14__ is that to be happy is to appreciate what we have. That is the first step to growing up. __15__ life becomes more complex, we will not regret the time we wasted wishing we were adults.
1. A．comfortable B．dependent
C．independent D．polite
2. A．older B．defeated
C．married D．confident
3. A．like B．forget
C．regret D．miss
4. A．study B．job
C．age D．health
5. A．creates B．shows
C．means D．limits
6. A．childhood B．adulthood
C．parenthood D．romanticism
7. A．reduce B．describe
C．experience D．understand
8. A．wish B．decide
C．return D．stop
9. A．healthy B．ambitious
C．broken D．excited
10. A．breakfast B．school
C．exercise D．work
11. A．rich B．busy
C．free D．easy
12. A．study B．think
C．play D．live
13. A．stopped B．enjoyed
C．imagined D．tried
14. A．reason B．result
C．dream D．truth
15. A．If B．When
C．Unless D．Before
B
【要点综述】 本文叙述了年轻人期望自己很快长大，由于长大了就意味着自由和独立；而成年人则期望自己能够回到童年，由于童年没有工作的压力和家庭的负担。生活总是这样的冲突，我们要学会珍惜身边的事物，由于那才是真正的幸福。
1．C　当我们年轻的时候，我们期望自己能够独立。
2．A　年轻的时候期望长大，年老的时候，我们又期望自己能够重新年轻起来。
3．D　我们思念无忧无虑的、没有压力的日子。
4．B　其次段中的work pressure说明这里也是指工作的压力，故job为正确答案。
5．C　年轻人认为成年意味着可以远离父母和没有作业。
6．A　成年人则认为童年可以远离工作压力和躲避家庭的责任。
7．B　这种感觉可以被描述为：“草是那边绿(这山望着那山高)”。
8．A　当我们年轻的时候，我们想要长大，成为成年人。当我们长大以后，我们又期望自己再次年轻起来。
9．C　爱会让人心碎。
10．D　玩得太晚意味着其次天早晨很难预备好去工作。
11．D　我们发觉成年人的生活并不像我们原来所想的那样简洁。
12．C　生活给我们玩的时间，也要求我们去工作。
13．B　我们总是期望能够更多地享受青春。enjoy doing sth宠爱做某事。
14．D　想要得到我们没有的东西是很正常的事情。但是真相是，幸福就是观赏我们所拥有的东西，而不是去追求那些虚无缥缈的事物。
15．B　当生活变得更简洁的时候，我们不会圆满我们把时间铺张在了期望自己是成年人上。

阅读理解。
The amount of time children spend in institutional care（机构式照看）may affect how their brains develop. That’s the conclusion of a new study carried out by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Harvard Medical School and the University of Minnesota. The study is published in Child Development in the journal’s January/ February 2010 issue.
To learn how the lack of care and material needs that institutionalized children often experience affect brain development, the researchers looked at 132 8- and 9-year-olds. Some of them were adopted into U.S. homes after spending at least a year and three quarters of their lives in institutions in Asia, Latin America, Russia and Eastern Europe, and Africa. Others were adopted by the time they were 8 months old into U.S. homes from foster care（寄养）in Asia and Latin America; most of these children had spent no time in institutional care, while some had spent a month or two in institutions prior to foster placement. On average, the internationally adopted children had been living with their families for more than 6 years. These children were compared to a group of American children raised in their birth families.
Children adopted early from foster care didn't differ from children raised in their birth families in the United States. Children adopted from institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse （冲动）control. Yet these children performed at developmentally appropriate levels on tests involving sequencing and planning.
The take-home message: Children make tremendous advances in cognitive（认知的） functioning once they reach their adoptive families, but the early impact on their brains' development is difficult to change completely.
"We identified basic learning processes that are affected by early institutionalization," notes Seth Pollak, professor of psychology and pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin, who was the study's lead author. "Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning problems later in children's lives."

1. The passage is mainly written to .
A. compare two childcare systems B. criticize the institutional childcare
C. present a new research finding D. introduce the basic learning process
答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。本文运用了总----分----总的写作风格。留意文章第一段 “The amount of time children spend in institutional caremay affect how their brains develop.” 意为 “儿童受到机构式照看的时间长短或许会影响大脑发育”，和最终一段"Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning problems later in children's lives." 可知，儿童应摆脱机构式照看，而应在家庭环境下培育，从而降低他们以后有学习障碍的可能性” ，因此，文章主旨是在陈述一种新的发觉。A，B，D都不是文章的主旨。

2. Children have their brain development affected in institutional care because .
A. they suffer form poor living conditions
B. they spend too much time learning
C. they don’t have freedom staying there
D. they are neither physically nor mentally satisfied
答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。从文章其次段首句 “To learn how the lack of care and material needs that institutionalized children often experience affect brain development,…”可知， 句中“care（照看）” 对应D选项的 “mentally（精神地）”, “material needs（物质需求）” 对应D选项的 “physically（身体地）”, 故答案为D。

3．Compared with home-raised children, institutionalized children didn’t do as well in tasks like .
A. thinking in pictures and self-control
B. working in teams and self-expression
C. putting things in order and self-defense
D. adapting to the environment and self-panning.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从文章的第三段 “Children adopted from institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse control.” 可知，机构式照看下的儿童比家庭环境下培育的儿童在视觉记忆、留意力、视觉信息和冲动把握上表现要差”, 故答案A “ 思考图片和自我把握” 意思符合文章的内容。

4．It can be concluded form the passage that .
A. the United States is a good place for children’s all-round development
B. a perfect family is beneficial to children’s all-round development
C. children in institutional care can hardly achieve anything great
D. nothing has been done to help children in institutional care
答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨推断题。结合第一题，本文是在陈述一种观点，即：受到机构式照看的儿童大脑发育会受到影响， 他们应在家庭环境下培育。A选项未提及；C、D选项太确定。故答案为B。

短文改错。
A little wave is jumping along in the ocean，having great time.He is enjoying the wind but the fresh air until he notices the other waves in front of him，crashing against on the shore.“My God，this is terribly，”the wave says.“Look how is going to happen to me！”Then along came another wave.It sees the first wave looked depressed，and it asks him，“Why do you look so sad？”The first wave says，“You don’t understand！They are all going to crash！All of us waves are going to be everything！Isn’t this terrible？”The second wave says，“No，you don’t understand.We are not wave.We are part of the ocean.”
【参考答案】
A little wave is jumping along in the ocean，having great time.He is enjoying the wind the fresh air until he notices the other waves in front of him，crashing against the shore.“My God，this is ，”the wave says.“Look is going to happen to me！”Then along another wave.It sees the first wave depressed，and it asks him，“Why do you look so sad？”The first wave says，“You don’t understand！ are all going to crash！All of us waves are going to be ！Isn’t this terrible？”The second wave says，“No，you don’t understand.We are not .We are part of the ocean.”