2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练(5)及答案(含短文改错).docx

2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练（5）及答案（含短文改错）
语法填空。阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible—and it can be surprisingly beneficial __16________ your physical and mental health. So far, research __17_______ (show) that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns. "People who forgive show __18________ (little) anger and more hopefulness," says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. "So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people to feel more energetic."
　　__19________ when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something __20________ gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don’t wait for an __21________ (apologize). "Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing," says Dr. Luskin. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things __22________ same way. So if you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting a very long time." Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean __23________ (accept) the action of the person who upset you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things __24________ the other person’s perspective. You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to __25________ from that person’s point of view.

【参考答案】语法填空：
16. to 17. has shown 18. less 19. So 20. that
21. apology 22. the 23. accepting 24. from 25. yourself

【2022高考英语吉林省白山市第一中学二模】
完型填空　（共20小题；每小题1.5分　满分30分）　
阅读下面短文，从文后所给各题的四个选项（A. B. C. D ）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。　
It was Thanksgiving morning. In the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey when the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in rags huddling together inside the storm door on the top step.
"Any old papers, lady?" asked one of them.
I was busy. I wanted to say “no” __36__looked down at their feet. They were wearing thin scandals (凉鞋),wet with heavy snow.
“Come in and I'11 37 you a cup of hot cocoa.”
They walked over and sat down at the table. Their wet shoes left 38 on the floor．I 39__ them cocoa and toast with jam 40 the cold outside. Then I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget. The silence in the front door __41__me. I looked in. The girl__42 the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat 43 ," Lady ．．． are you rich?"
"Am I rich? Mercy, 44 !" I looked at my shabby slipcover(家具套)．The girl put her cup back in its saucer（茶碟） 45 .
“Your cups match your saucers．”
Her voice was ___46__with a need that no amount of food could supply．They left after that, holding their 47 against the wind．They hadn't said thank you．
They didn’t 48 to. They had done more than that. Plain blue china cups and saucers were only worth five pence. But they __49__.
   I tasted the potatoes and stirred(搅动)the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a 50__ over our heads, my man with a good steady job—these things matched, too．
I moved the chairs back from the fire and 51 the living room．The muddy prints of small scandals were still 52 on my floor. “ 53 them be for a while,” I thought. Just 54 I should begin to forget how 55 I am.
36．A． when B． after C． while D． until
37．A． make B． provide C． do D． cook
38．A． signs B． signals C． marks D． symbols
39．A． showed B． served C． carried D． supplied
40．A． against B． from C． on D． in
41．A． beat B． struck C． got D． noticed
42．A． watched B． lifted C． held D． put
43．A． word B． method C． state D． voice
44．A． yes B． sure C． no D． always
45．A． suddenly B． carefully C． quickly D． anxiously
46．A． hungry B． satisfied C． pleased D． curious
47．A． books B． papers C． dishes D． drinks
48．A． dare B． plan C． want D． need
49．A． shone B． matched C． broke D． equaled
50．A． house B． ceiling C． roof D． curtain
51．A． washed B． rubbed C． wiped D． tidied
52．A． dry B． gone C． wet D． new
53．A． Made B． Let C． Got D． Kept
54．A． in case B． as if C． if only D． only if
55．A． nice B． free C． busy D． rich
【参考答案】DACBA ACDCB ABDBC DCBAD

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Eating foods high in trans-fats (fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food...) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness.
Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers.
“Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.”
The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression.
The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fats—making up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “Despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.”
The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the authors, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.”
1. What' s the best title of the text?
A. Junk Food and Depression　　　　B. Depression Prevention
C. Types of Fats and Depression　　　　D. Depression Research
2. Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression?
A. Fish.　　　　B. Vegetable oil.　　　　C. Olive oil.　　　　D. Butter.
3. The study tells us that _____.
A. 2.5% Americans suffer mental illness
B. l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took part
C. a minority of participants became new sufferers
D. l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle
4. The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to______.
A. obtained　　　　B. chosen　　　　C. separated　　　　D. preserved
5. More and more Westerners are suffering depression because________.
A. they have less time for exercise
B. they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fish
C. the sources of fats in their diets have changed
D. less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets
【参考答案】1—5、ADCAC　　

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies' two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X­ray facilities(设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X­ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military' Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射能). Irene Joliot­Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.
本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍居里夫人大女儿Irene Curie的一生。
1．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?
A．Because she received a degree in mathematics.
B．Because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C．Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D．Because she worked as a helper to her mother.
答案：B。细节理解题。依据文章第三段可知，第一次世界大战开头后，Irene挂念母亲救助伤员，法国政府以军功章的形式表示对她的贡献的认可。所以选择B项。
2．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?
A．At the Curie Institute. B．At the University of Paris.
C．At a military hospital. D．At the College of Sévigné.
答案：A。推理推断题。文章第四段说：在1918年，Irene在居里夫人争辩院成为母亲的助手，1924年12月Frederic Joliot加入了该争辩院，Irene教给他该项工作要求的技术，不久他们相爱了并于1926年结婚，由此可推断出C项正确。
3．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?
A．In 1932. B．In 1927.
C．In 1897. D．In 1926.
答案：A。细节理解题。第四段最终一句表明：他们第一个孩子于1927年诞生，5年后(1932年)其次个孩子诞生，所以A项正确。
4．In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?
A．Irene worked with radioactivity. B．Irene combined family and career.
C．Irene won the Nobel Prize once. D．Irene died from leukemia.
答案：C。推理推断题。纵观全文可知，Irene在“与放射性物质打交道/把家庭与事业相结合/死于leukemia”这三方面与母亲相同，不同的是Irene获得一次诺贝尔奖，母亲两次。

【由陕西省西工大附中2022第七次适应性训练改编】
短文改错。
I am angry about the behavior of dishonest in exams. I’m not saying that I’m a good student and that I’ve never cheated. I once write the answers on my hand for a history test but, unluckily, caught by my teacher. Because she was one of my most favorites, there were no words to describe how sorry I felt at once. I thought cheat would help me keep my straight A’s. Little I know that I was hurting not only herself but also my teacher. From this lesson I know our teachers want their students to succeed by learning with their own and do the best they can, not by cheating.
短文改错：
1. dishonest---dishonesty/being dishonest 2. and that---or that 3. write---wrote
4. caught---was caught 5. Drop most 6. cheat would---cheating would
7. Little---Little did 8. herself---myself 9. with their own---on their own
10. do the best---doing the best