2021届高考英语二轮复习提能专训-语法1-专题一-名词-Word版含解析.docx

提能专训(一).单句语法填空(名词)1Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future _.(purpose, reference, progress, memory)答案：reference解析：句意：你最好登记那家餐馆的电话以便将来参考。for future reference是固定搭配，意为“以备将来参考”。2Can I help you with it?I appreciate your _， but I can manage it myself.(advice, question, offer, idea)答案：offer解析：依据句意“我能帮你吗？我很感谢你的提议，但是我自己能行。”可知选offer。offer意为“(愿为某人做某事的)提议”。3You are working too hard. Youd better keep a _ between work and relaxation.(promise, lead, balance, diary)答案：balance解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和放松之间的平衡。promise诺言；lead领先；balance平衡；diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语，意为“保持平衡”，符合句意。4Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.(consequence, independence, competence, intelligence)答案：competence解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师要不断地更新他们的学问以维持他们的专业技能。consequence结果；independence独立；competence技能，技巧；intelligence智力，才智。5Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a(n) _ of 40,000 per year.(average, number, amount, quantity)答案：average解析：句意：去年考过驾照的同学人数达到了20万，平均每年4万。an average of意为“平均数”。6Most workers have heard the news that their products, with excellent quality and delicate skill, are enjoying growing _ among the customers abroad.(favor, dignity, response, profit)答案：favor解析：考查名词辨析。句意：很多工人已经听说了这个消息：他们的产品由于质量好、做工精致，赢得了越来越多的国外客户的青睐。favor“偏爱，支持”，符合句意。dignity“尊贵，高尚”；response“反应，答复”；profit“利润”。7The factories are staying open all weekend to try to meet the customers_ for this product.(principle, standard, pressure, demand)答案：demand解析：考查名词辨析。句意：这些工厂周末都在开工，以满足顾客对该产品的需求。meet ones demand for sth.表示“满足某人对某物的需求”。8The government will begin a series of _ to help the public fully understand the new educational system.(applications, presentations, traditions, administrations)答案：presentations解析：考查名词辨析。句意：政府将开展一系列的发布会来挂念公众充分了解新的训练制度。application应用，运用；presentation发布会，呈现会；tradition传统；administration管理。依据句意可知应选presentations。9The best way to undertake big projects is to force them into your_. Spare time doesnt appear from nowhere and you need to create it with efforts.(presentation, campaign, schedule, procedure)答案：schedule解析：考查名词辨析。句意：着手做大型项目的最佳方法是把这些项目挤进你的日程支配里，空余的时间是不会平白冒出来的，你得努力制造空余时间。依据空后的“Spare time”和句意可推断应选schedule，表示“日程支配，工作方案”。presentation陈述，颁发；campaign战役，运动；procedure程序，步骤。10What did he do in return for free _ and food offered by the kind couple?He helped their son with his lessons.(conservation, admission, accommodation, immigration)答案：accommodation解析：考查名词辨析。句意“他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他供应的免费食宿？他给他们的儿子辅导功课。”conservation表示“爱护，保存”；admission表示“承认，允许，入场费”；accommodation表示“住处”；immigration表示“移民”。依据句意可知应选accommodation。11He was faced with the_ of whether or not to return to his country after he got a PhD in America.(situation, circumstance, environment, dilemma)答案：dilemma解析：考查名词辨析。句意：他面临着在美国获得博士学位之后是否回国的两难境地。依据whether or not可知应选dilemma，意为“(进退两难的)窘境，逆境”。12In recent years, many mainland residents have rushed to Hong Kong to buy baby milk powder due to their _ about its quality.(anxiety, curiosity, generosity, attention)答案：anxiety解析：考查名词辨析。句意：近年来，很多大陆居民奔赴香港购买婴儿奶粉，由于他们担忧奶粉的质量。anxiety意为“担忧”，符合语境。curiosity意为“古怪”；generosity意为“慷慨”；attention意为“留意”，均与语境不符，故排解。13Finding information in todays world is easy. The _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(knowledge, ability, competition, challenge)答案：challenge解析：考查名词辨析。句意：当今世界找寻信息很简洁，但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。knowledge“学问”；ability“力量”；competition“竞赛”；challenge：“挑战；困难任务”。14The lead singer was ill and couldnt sing that night, and her _ didnt perform well, which made the audience disappointed.(attitude, substitute, institute, altitude)答案：substitute解析：考查名词辨析。句意：那天晚上主唱歌手生病了，无法演出，替代她的歌手表演得不好，这让观众很绝望。attitude态度；substitute代替者；institute学院，争辩所；altitude高度，海拔。依据句意可知应选substitute。15Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer, takes a complete new _ to describing Chinas rural and folk culture.(way, approach, passage, entry)答案：approach解析：考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他接受了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民俗文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”；entry意为“进入；进入权；入口处”。.阅读理解(时事新闻类健康环保类)A(2021届高三大联考二)A new report shows that 64 percent of Chinese millionaires have either migrated or plan to migrate abroadtaking their spending and fortunes with them. The United States is their favorite destination.The report from Hurun, a wealth research firm that focuses on China, said that onethird of Chinas super richor those worth $ 16 million or morehave already migrated. The data show the massive numbers of rich Chinese taking their families and fortunes overseas. Previous studies show the main reasons rich Chinese are leaving is to pursue better educations for their kids, and to escape the pollution and overcrowding in urban China.But analysts say there is another reason the Chinese rich are fleeing: to protect their fortunes. With the Chinese government starting the campaign against corruption, many of the Chinese richwho made their money through some connection or favors from governmentwant to keep their money what is hard for the Chinese government to reach.According to Wealth Insight, the Chinese wealthy now have about $658 billion stored in offshore assets(资产). Boston Consulting Group puts the number lower, at around $ 450 billion, but says offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years.The mass millionaire migration out of China is also hitting luxury companies hard. Hurun said Chinas luxury sales last year fell 15 percentthe biggest drop in over a half a decade. Spending on gifts, which made up a sizable portion of luxury sales, fell 25 percent. In other words, it isnt that wealthy buyers in China are spending lesstheyre just disappearing.Most are looking for permanent residences, Hurun said. The United States was their top destination, which any real estate agent in San Francisco, Seattle or New York can confirm. Europe is their second favorite destination, followed by Canada, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong.1Some Chinese millionaires migrate abroad _.Abecause they intend to make fortunes in the new placesBbecause they hope their kids will get better educationCbecause they wish to invest their money wiselyDbecause they do because other rich people do2What does the fourth paragraph imply?AThe Chinese wealthy is on top of the world.BBoston Consulting Group welcomes the rich.CThe rich will earn more than $ 450 billion.DMore millionaires will settle down abroad.3Which is the proper title for the passage?ARich Chinese Continue to Flee China.BMost Wealthy Chinese Invest Abroad.CRich Chinese Are Making a Hard Choice.DChinese Government Will Take Measures.答案：1B解析：细节理解题。依据文章其次段可知，中国富豪移民的主要缘由是为孩子追求更优质的训练，以及远离中国都市的污染和拥挤。故选B项。2D解析：推理推断题。依据文章第四段的offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years可知，在接下来的3年中海外投资将翻倍。因此会有更多的富人移居海外。故选D项。3A解析：主旨大意题。文中叙述了部分中国富豪带着资产移居国外的消息，因此选项A正确。B(2022内蒙古包头市高三测试)Hello! Im Jan from Mrs. Lakes class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the AdoptaHighway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.The AdoptaHighway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up.We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean, please come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lakes room on Wednesday at 6：00 PM. At the meeting, we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of peoples unkind acts. Then well try to pick an area to adopt and clean up. I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean!4What is the AdoptaHighway Program about?AGiving names to the highways.BDrawing pictures of highways.CPicking up litter along the roads.DPutting up signs near the roads.5What should the students do first if they want to join the program?APick a spot to care for.BCall Mrs. Lake next week.CWrite a letter to their parents.DGo to a meeting on Wednesday.6What is the purpose of this speech?ATo encourage students to join the program.BTo introduce the traffic system.CTo show drivers how to drive safely.DTo tell a story about adopting a pet.7Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?AAdoptaPetBAdoptaHighwayCWays to Protect the EnvironmentDVolunteers on Roads答案：【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。你可能听过领养孩子、宠物。但你听过“领养”大路吗？本文介绍了一群青少年为爱护大路环境，特地“领养”一段大路，去清理大路上的垃圾。4C解析：细节理解题。难度较小。依据第一段中“This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.”可知，“领养大路”组织的主要任务就是组织人们清理大路上的垃圾。故选C。5D解析：细节理解题。难度较小。依据倒数其次段可知，想加入组织的青少年应先和家长一起参与下周三在Mrs.Lake家进行的会议，会上将确定需要清理的路段，然后各组选择一段开头清理。故选D。6A解析：写作意图题。难度中等。依据全文内容可推断出，本文主要的目的是号召更多的人加入到“领养大路”的活动中来。故选A。7B解析：标题概括题。难度中等。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项青少年参与的环保活动“AdoptaHighway”。因此B项做题目最合适。A项与文章无关；C项范围过大；D项偏离主题。.完形填空(夹叙夹议文)(2022河北唐山高三模考)Id gone from a tiny village school with a total of 60 students to a huge school with thousands of pupils. I was a little fish in a very big _1_. I lived too much of my first year _2_ doing anything wrong. I just decided to be the wall flower when it _3_class discussion and answering questions. I was always the one that _4_ didnt look the teachers in the eye _5_ they asked me to answer. I listened well, and _6_ everything in, but I always liked to be a spectator(旁观者). Its hard not to _7_ what others may think of you when you are speaking in front of many _8_. It did take long for me to feel _9_ with teachers and make friends with classmates.Some people _10_ straight into a new learning environment. _11_， most are nervous and feel they dont fit in. Its completely _12_， so it should not be a worry to you. Be _13_ and you will adapt to the new school. School life is _14_ you make of it. Some _15_ it; some love it. But its only when you leave that you can really appreciate how school _16_ you into the person you become.Its so important to _17_ yourself out of your comfort zone. If youre shy, tell yourself youll raise your _18_at least once every lesson; if youre quickminded, try to give other people a (n) _19_. In time, you will _20_ how much you loved it or hated it.1. A. class B. schoolC. lake D. house2. A. in fear of B. in favour ofC. in honor of D. in danger of3. A. got to B. referred toC. turned to D. came to4. A. sharply B. purposelyC. hopelessly D. searchingly5. A. in case B. so thatC. the moment D. soon after6. A. wrote B. broughtC. took D. got7. A. doubt B. applyC. check D. care8. A. teachers B. classmatesC. adults D. friends9. A. angry B. popularC. disappointed D. comfortable10. A. slide B. fitC. change D. turn11. A. Therefore B. MoreoverC. However D. Meanwhile12. A. normal B. strangeC. awkward D. interesting13. A. proud B. practicalC. private D. positive14. A. what B. howC. which D. when15. A. like B. ignoreC. accept D. hate16. A. forces B. developsC. places D. teaches17. A. push B. takeC. kick D. remove18. A. voice B. questionC. hand D. head19. A. answer B. chanceC. hug D. smile20. A. forget B. forgiveC. realize D. remember答案：【语篇解读】作者转学后花了很长时间才适应新的学习环境。作者在文中为那些要适应新的学习环境的人供应了建议。1. C解析：依据上文可知，作者从一所小的乡村学校转到一所高校校，所以作者将自己比作一个大湖里的小鱼，应选择C。2. A解析：依据下文的“I just decided to be the wall flower.”可知，到了新的环境，作者可怕出错，所以打算做局外人，应选择A。in fear of“可怕”；in favour of“支持”；in honor of“为向表示敬意”；in danger of“处于的危急中”。3. D解析：when it comes/came to.表示“当论及的时候”，为固定结构。4. B解析：依据上一句可知，作者不想参与课堂争辩和回答问题，所以作者会有意避开与老师的目光接触，应选择B。sharply“急剧地”；purposely“有意地”；hopelessly“无望地”；searchingly“彻底地”。5. A解析：作者有意避开与老师的目光接触，以防老师提问他。in case“以防”；so that“以便”；the moment“一就”；soon after“在之后，不久”。6. C解析：依据上文的“I listened well”可知，作者听讲很认真，应是努力记住课堂上老师讲的一切东西。take in“领悟，记住”。7. D解析：依据上文的“but I always liked to be a spectator(旁观者)”，并结合下文的“It did take long for me. make friends with classmates.”可知，在很多同班同学面前讲话而不在意别人的看法是很难的。doubt“怀疑”；apply“应用”；check“核实”；care“在意，在乎”。8. B解析：参见上题解析。9. D解析：作者花了很长时间才觉得与老师在一起很轻松。comfortable表示“舒适的，轻松的”。10. B解析：依据下文的“feel they dont fit in”可知，此处应指一些人能马上适应新的学习环境，故用fit。11. C解析：上文说一些人能很快适应新的学习环境，下文说大部分人会紧急，觉得不适应，前后为转折关系，因此选择C。therefore“因此”；moreover“此外”；however“然而”；meanwhile“与此同时”。12. A解析：依据下文的“so it should not be a worry to you”可知，感觉不适应是完全正常的，所以不必为此担忧。normal“正常的”；strange“惊异的”；awkward“笨拙的”；interesting“好玩的”。13. D解析：乐观面对，你会适应新的学校。proud“骄傲的”；practical“有用的”；private“私人的”；positive“乐观的”。14. A解析：_14_ you make of it.为表语从句，因引导词在从句中作make的宾语，表示“什么”，所以用what。15. D解析：依据下文的“some love it”及最终一段最终一句的“how much you loved it or hated it”可知，应选择D。16. B解析：此处表示“学校如何使你变成现在的你”。force“强迫”；develop“使成长”；place“放置”；teach“教”。17. A解析：强迫自己走出自己的舒适区是很重要的。push sb.out of表示“把某人推出”。18. C解析：此处指每节课至少举手回答一次问题，因此选择C。19. B解析：假如你思维灵敏，尽量给别人一次机会。作者在此建议给别人回答问题的机会，而不是答案。20. C解析：此处指你最终会意识到你有多爱它或多恨它。forget“遗忘”；forgive“原谅”；realize“意识到”；remember“记得”。.语法填空Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It _1_(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it _2_(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later，this river is one of _3_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days _4_ even a few months.It took years of work _5_ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that ha