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2021年高考高频词汇必背及训练系列1
1. access ①通道,入口 ②(接近或进入的)方法,机会,权利③[vt.]取得,猎取(尤指计算机数据)
考点提示:
①have access to sth.可以使用……/有……接触机会
have access to a car/a computer.有汽车/计算机可以使用
②gain/get access (to sth.)进入[某地】;见到[某人或某物]
完成句子
①同学需要得到图书的便利途径。
Students need easy _____________________ the books.
②每个人都有受训练权。
Everyone __________________________ education.
③只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。
_____________________________their house is along that narrow road.
2. absence n. ①缺席,不在场[反presence] ②不存在,缺乏
考点提示:
①absent (adj.) 缺席的;不在的;
be absent from……不在……;缺席……
be absent for……(不在)去了……
②in/during sb’s absense在某人不在期间
完成句子
①我不在时,请照看我的房子。
Please take care of my house
________________________________________________________________________.
②在缺乏其他证据下,我们不得不认为这属实。
We were obliged to accept it as true
________________________________________________________________________.
③老师对他旷课很生气。
The teacher was angry at his
________________________________________________________________________.
④他今日缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。
He ___________________________ today.
⑤有些国家终年无雪。
Snow __________________________ some countries.
⑥他外出了,现在在欧洲。
He ________________________.
3.suppose vt.认为,猜想
考点提示:
suppose+that/to be认为,猜想
be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望,(不)应当
suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用)
表示“假定……结果会怎么样?”
I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don't
suppose so.我认为这样。/不,我不认为这样。/不,我不认为这样。
(1)—Jerry is playing online games.
—He's playing games?He's ________ to be doing his homework now.
A. believed B. supposed C. considered D. pretended
(2)—How do you ________we will go to Hainan for our holidays?
—I think we'd better fly there. It's much more comfortable.
A. insist B. want C. suggest D. Suppose
4. switch vt.转换,转变
考点提示:
switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成B
switch on开(电灯、机器等)
switch off关(电灯、机器等);失去爱好;觉得乏味
switch over转换频道;转变
(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has________its focus to providing technical assistance and longterm loans to developing countries.
A. fixed B. exchanged C. transferred D. switched
(2)She started studying medicine at college, but ________ to Business Studies in her second year.
A. transformed B. skipped C. adjusted D. switched
5.matter vi.重要,有重大关系 n.物质;问题;毛病
考点提示:
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
no matter不要紧,没关系
as a matter of fact实际上;不瞒你说;的确
It doesn't matter.没关系。
“他问我怎么回事”习惯上说:He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语,故后边语序不变),而有些同学惯用He asked me what the matter was.句子虽正确,但意思不同,此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”
①Don't worry. It's only a(n) ________of money. We will try our best to collect enough.
A. matter B. affair C. business D. accident
②The thing that ________ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A.matters B.cares C.minds D.considers
6.condemn v. ①责怪,指责 ②宣判,判刑[同sentence]
完成句子
①我们责怪他的不良行为。
We ________ him ________ his bad conduct.
②犯人被判处死刑。
The prisoner ___________________________.
7. condition n. ①条件 ②[ 用复数](工作或生活等的)条件,状况 ③[(健康或物品的)状态,状况
完成句子/英译汉/单项选择
①假如你能在星期一还我,我可以借给你这本书。
I will lend you the book ________________________ you________ it on Monday.
②在这么恶劣的状况下,我们只有推迟野营了。
_____________________, we have to put off the camp.
③He is living in terrible conditions.
④That is a used car in good condition.
_____________________________________________
⑤我决不会转变我的方法。
On no condition ________________________ my mind.
⑥I agree to his suggestion ________ the condition that he drops all charges.
A. by B. in C. on D. to
8. character n.品质;性格;人物;角色;字体
考点提示:
be different in character有着不同的性格
a man of character有共性的人,有骨气的人
a leading character主角
in the character of以……的资格,扮演……的角色
out of character不适合,和……不相称
The Chinese characters汉字
characteristic adj. 表现特点的n. 特征,特性,特色
characterize v. 表现……的特色
①Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ________ building.
A.respect B.friendship C.reputation D.character
②Mr. Johnsons is of good ________, so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood.
A.character B.characteristic C.feature D.uniqueness
9.found vt.建立,创立
考点提示:
be founded on/upon建立在……基础上
find→found→found(发觉)
found→founded→founded(创办,建立)
foundation n.基础,依据,建立,创办
lay foundations 打地基
founder n.奠基者,创建者,缔造者
put up, set up, build与found的区分
①put up表示“建筑,搭建”时,指高于地平面的建筑物,即“搭起,竖起,挂起”之意,同set up。
②set up还表示“建立,成立”,常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用,这时相当于found,如:set up home安家落户。
③build意为“建筑,建设,建立”,是最一般的用语,常指建筑大的东西,可接具体或抽象的名词。
④found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up,但found更强调打基础。
用found, put up, set up的正确形式填空:
①________in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
②A new theatre ________________ where there used to be a temple.
③The factory has ________ a night school to strengthen the workers' education.
10. opinion n.意见,看法,主见
考点提示:
in one's opinion=in the opinion of sb.依据某人的看法
have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对……评价很好/很糟
be of the opinion that...主见……,认为……
in one's view以……的观点来看
point of view观点
opinion与view
①opinion是一般通用词,指对事物或问题经过思考后提出的意见、主见、看法,含有初步的,不愿定的意味。
②view指“见解,观点”,侧重对较广泛、重大或有关公众的问题所接受的态度,view比opinion更为确定、全面和系统。
①It's a terrible shame,________,that the building was knocked down.
A.I think B.in my opinion C.personally D.All above
②Although ________ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.
A. against B. on C. for D. in
答案:1.①access to ②has access to ③The only access to
2.①during my absence ②in the absence of other evidence
③absence from school ④is absent from school/work/the meeting
⑤is absent in ⑥is absent in Europe
3.(1)B be supposed to do sth.意为:某人应当做某事。题中用了不定式的进行式,表示:Jerry应当正在做作业。 (2)D
4.(1)D (2)D 考查动词辨析。句意:她从医学专业转到商务争辩系,用switch表示“转换,转变(思路、话题等)”。B项可表示“急速转变”,不符合语境。其他选项的含义:A“转变,转变,改选”,C“调整”。
5.①A 考查名词辨析。短语a matter of表示“(仅仅、就)只是……的事而已”,如a matter of days/time“仅仅几天,只是时间的早晚”。句意:别担忧,这只是钱的事情而已,我们会尽力募集够的。② A
6.①condemned; for ②was condemned to death
7.①on condition that; return ②Under such bad weather conditions
③他的生活条件很差。④那是一辆状况良好的旧车。⑤will I change
⑥C 句意:我同意他的建议,条件是他放弃全部的指控。on (the) condition that 在……条件下,介词用on,属固定搭配。
8.①D 句意:独自徒步旅行可能会很好玩并且有益于健康,或许对意志的磨炼也有好处。respect敬重,爱戴;friendship友情;reputation名誉,荣誉,声望;character性格,品德,品质,特点,特性。又如:The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后,小男孩重返学校表现出了他坚韧的毅力。
②A character这里说明人的品质
9.①Founded ② has been put up ③set up
10.①D A、B、C三个选项的意思相同,均可作插入语。故选D项。
②A
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