仁爱英语八年级上册unit2知识点总结及练习讲课稿.doc

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Unit 2
Topic 1
一、重点短语
1. have a _______/a ________ /a _______/a _______/a _________/
a __________/a __________/_________/_______
感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼
2. take a rest=have a rest __________
3. not read for too long _______
4. ___________________________ 开水
5. ___________________________ 卧病在床，躺在床上
6. ___________________________ 好好睡一觉
7. ___________________________ 感觉难受
8. ___________________________ 日日夜夜
9. You`d better=You ___________________________ 你最好-------
10. ___________________________ 很不好
11. ___________________________ 没什么大碍
12. much better ___________________________
13. ___________________________ 去看病
14. ___________________________ 吃药
15. take------to----- ___________________________ send------to------- ___________________
16. ___________________________ 加蜂蜜的热茶
17. ___________________________ 躺下
18. look after=___________________________ 照看，照顾
19. brush teeth ___________________________
20. ___________________________ 发生一次意外/事故
21. ___________________________ 别担心
22. ___________________________ 担心--------
23. ___________________________ 没什么严重，没什么大碍
24. ___________________________ 诊断，仔细检查
25. thank you for------------ ___________________________
26. ___________________________ 为------买------
27. ___________________________ 直到-------才----
28. ice cream ___________________________
29. ___________________________ ------和-------都是----
30. take some cold pills ___________________________ plenty of ___________________________
二、重点句型
1. What`s wrong with you/him/her?你/他/她怎么了？
同义句：___________________________ ?
___________________________ ?
2. You should see a dentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达_____的句子。还可以用以下句式： you`d better(not)_________how /what about-__________-why not/don`t you _______
3. 3.I`m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示_____别人的句子。
4. You look pale.你看起来很_____。（1）在英语中表示气色不好，苍白，不用____，而用pale
（2）“look ”在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接____词。如：
You look beautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有 taste ，sound ，smell ，feel 。如：The soup tastes very delicious .这汤____起来______。
Your voice sound nice.你的声音____起来很______。
The flowers smell sweet .这些花____起来很_____。
The silk feels smooth 丝绸____起来很光滑。
5.------Shall I take you to the hospital?我送你去医院吧？
-------No,thank you.不用，谢谢。
Shall I do----需要我做-------吗？
take sb to-----------把某人送到某地
6. I`ll take some medicine and see how it goes. 我打算先吃药看看情况再说。
“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it ”用来代指_______。如：
How is everything going?一切进展如何？
Everything is going well.一切进展顺利。
7.You`d better drink hot tea with honey.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。
tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有：
some coffee with sugar and milk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡
some tea without sugar不加糖的茶
8.Michael had an accident yesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。
had an accident发生了事故
9.But my left leg still hurts when I move it.可是当我挪动脚时，还是有点儿疼。
句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”，作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。如：my head hurts.
10.Your X-rays show it`s nothing serious.你的X光照片显示没什么严重的问题。
nothing serious 没什么严重的。nothing ，something ，anything等不定代词，被形容词修饰时，形容词位于其_____。如：
I have something important to say.我有一些重要的事情要说。
11.Stay in bed and don`t move your leg too much.躺在床上，不要总是挪动你的腿。
12.Michael`s friends bought some chocolate for him .迈克的朋友给他买饿一些巧克力。
buy sth for sb.双宾语的运用。使用双宾语时，在人宾前需要使用介词，有时用“to”有时用“for ”，这与动词本身有关，表示动词的方向，多用“to”，表示动词的目的，多用“ for ”
give sth to sb. __________________________pass sth to sb.___________________________
bring sth to sb._________________________ take sth to sb.___________________________
cook sth for sb. _________________________buy sth for to sb .___________________________
13.------but I couldn`t read them until today.但是直到今天我才读了它们。
not ----until直到------才-------until 在肯定句动词一般用延续性动词，在否定句中动词一般为短暂性动词。如：
He will wait for his father until ten o`clock.他将等他父亲一直到10点钟。
He won`t leave until his father comes.他直到他父亲回来才离开。
三、语法学习
1、 had better 的形式和用法
1） 固定短语had better具有情态意义，也可以看作情态动词。译为“最好”，它只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化，后常跟动词原形，是给人提出建议的一种方式。如：
You had better go to see the doctor你最好去看医生。
You`d better eat a lot of fruit and drink plenty of water.你最好多吃水果，多喝水。
2）Had better的否定结构为 _________________。如：
______________________________你最好别吃辛辣的食物。
You`d better ____________ work today.你今天最好别工作。
2、 shall的用法
1） 作助动词时，英式英语中表示将来，可与第一人称连用，但在口语中所有人称都用will。如： this time next week Ishall/will be in New York.下周这个时候我就在纽约了。
拄：美语则不管什么人称，一律用will。
2）作情态动词时表征询意见，用于第一人称的疑问句中。如：
Shall Itake you to the hospital?要不要我带你去医院？
What shall we do this weekend?这个周末我们要作什么呢？
Topic 2
一、重点短语
1. ___________________________ 熬夜
2. ___________________________ 对------有害
3. ___________________________ 对------有益
4. ___________________________ 太多，过分
5. ___________________________ 做早操
6. keep long fingernails___________________________
7. play sports right___________________________
8. go to school without breakfast___________________________
9. ___________________________ 洗澡
10. take a fresh breath___________________________
11. read ----about---___________________________
12. Ren`ai English Post___________________________
13. ___________________________ 叫某人做某事
14. ___________________________ 放弃
15. ___________________________ 在太阳底下看书
16. ___________________________ 乱扔垃圾
17. on the lawn___________________________
18. put------into------___________________________
19. exercise on an empty stomach___________________________
20. ___________________________ 进入
21. keep the air ___________________________ 保持空气清新
22. ___________________________ 饭前洗手
23. potato chips___________________________
二、重点句型
1. Staying up late______(be) bad for your health.熬夜有害健康。
1） stay up late熬夜
2） be bad for对--------有_____。类似的短语还有： be_______for---对------有好处
3） staying up late is---动名词作主语。当我们需要一个动词充当主语时，常用此动词的动名词（即doing）形式。谓语动词用_____数如：
_________basketball_______(be)good for your heath.打篮球对你的身体有好处。
__________ in bed ____ (be)bad for your eyes.躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。
__________ is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。
2. It will keep you active during the day.它会使你在白天保持活力。
keep sth/sb .+adj.保持某物/某人在某种状态。如：
keep your fingersails clean.保持你的指甲干净。
3. Different foods help us in different ways不同的食物对我们有不同的作用.
in different ways.译为“___________________________ ”。
4. If we eat too littele or too much food-----如果我们吃太少或太多食物------
little 少得几乎没有，表____定，修饰________名词。
a little有一些，表示____定，修饰_________名词。
与 little ，a little类似的用法的还有 few， a few 。
few少得几乎没有，表_____定，修饰_____名词。
a few有一些，表示______定，修饰______名词。
5. Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health. 散步是很好的锻炼，它是身体健康必不可少的。
be necessary for----对--------来说是必不可少的 如：
Sunshine is necessary for our life.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。
Food is necessary for life.食物是生命所必需的。
三、语法学习
1） 情态动词must及其否定形式 must not
must 译为“必须做------”其否定意义“不必做-------”，用______________ 表示，而不用must not 。如：——must Ifinish it tonight——No, you ___________
而must not 译作“禁止做--------”。如：
You must not throw litter about.
Don`t throw litter about.别到处乱扔垃圾。
2） 情态动词may
may有两种含义，表示请求允许，译作“可以”。如：
May I come in ?我可以进来吗？
表示推测，译作“可能”。如：
You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。
You may get a headache when you can`t get enough sleep. 当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。
enough sleep 充足的睡眠。
enough 修饰名词时放在前后均可；当它修饰形容词时，一般放在形容词______面。
Topic 3
重点短语
1. ___________________________ 快点，赶快
2. ___________________________ （尤指经某人允许）开始，干下去，走在前面，领先
3. do more exercise___________________________ do some cleaning______________________
4. ___________________________ 一直
5. ___________________________ 不得不，必须
6. ___________________________ 远离-------
7. ___________________________ 稍等一会儿
8. ___________________________ 拨通（电话）；通过
9. take care of=_______________照顾
10. ___________________________ 照顾（病人）；照料；喜欢
11. ___________________________ 和----交谈
12. ___________________________ /___________________________/________________过得愉快
13. Chinese medicine___________________________
14. ___________________________ 从那时起
15. ___________________________ 丢失了，迷路
16. ___________________________ ----在某人去----------的路上
17. by mistake___________________________
18. ___________________________ 请假
19. ___________________________ 健康食物
20. crowded places___________________________
21. ___________________________ 尽力
22. change clothes often___________________________ wash hands often__________
23. ___________________________ 打电话给--------
24. ___________________________ 留口信
25. ___________________________ 带口信
26. call----back___________________________ take an active part in_____________________
27. the name of----- ___________________________
28. what do you think of=_____________________________------ ？ 你认为---------怎么样？
29. ___________________________ 下次
30. ___________________________ 让-------出去
31. ___________________________ on the Internet网上自学
32. ___________________________ 害怕-----，恐惧-------
一、 重点句型
1. Sure,go ahead.当然可以，请问吧！
ahead 意思是向前，这里的go ahead原意为向前走，在这里译作继续问问题，相当于_________
2. Please tell my father to take care of himself 请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。
take care of ___________。同义词：__________
tell sb to do sth________________________ ask sb to do sth ___________________________
want sb to do sth ___________________________ get sb to do sth 表示让某人去做某时事
3.I`ll tell her when she comes back.她一回来我就告诉她。
本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时，从句一般用____时。如：
He`ll phoneme when he arrives in Beijing .当他到北京时，他将回给我打电话。
4.------,he took an active part in the battle against it.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。
against 与---相对抗take part in--------参加--------；加入到某种活动中
take an active part in----积极参加，如：
You should take an active part in the sports meet in your school.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。
5.He cared for the patients.他日夜关心着病人。
___________________________ 关心某人
6.It`s my duty to save the patients. 救治病人是我的职责。
it`s------to do----- 做某事是---------在此句式中，“to do --- ”是_____的主语，而“it ”是___主语，类似的句式有：It`s dangerous to climb the tree.怕树很危险。
7.___________________________ 好久没见！
这是一句常用口语，在久别重逢的朋友之间，还可以说
“Haven`t seen you for a long time！”。
8I taught myself on the Internet. 我在网上自学。
on the Internet 在网络上。介词on用来表示在网上、电视上、收音机里、电话里。如：
1） on the phone， on the radio ，on TV
2） teach oneself自学，近义词组为： ___________________________
9How often does Mr Brown exercise? 布朗先生多长时间锻炼一次？
how often对________提问，回答用 once/twice/three times-----a day/a week/----- ；
exercise在这里为动词，意思是“锻炼，运动”。
二、 语法学习
1.反身代词的形式
_______________________________________________________________
2、反身代词的用法
1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。如：
The boy couldn`t make the model plane by himself那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。
2）反身代词常与一些动词连用。如：
“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”；“ hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如：
Jane teaches herself English.简自学英语。
Lily fell down and hurt herself yesterday. 昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。
注：反身代词与个别动词搭配使用，意思发生变化。如：
“help +反身代词+to----”表示“随便吃-----”；“ enjoy+反身代词”表示“-----玩得开心”。
Help yourself to some strawberries,please.请随便吃些草莓。
3）反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。如：
You `d better ask your teacher about it yourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。
U2T1( )1. Jim is ill in hospital. Now he is _______ in bed and talking to his doctor.
A. lie B. lies C. lying D. lay
( )2. I feel terrible. I don’t feel like _______.
A. eating anything B. anything to eat
C. eat anything D. to eat anything
( )3. If you have a headache, you _______ lie down for a good rest.
A. shouldn’t B. had better not C. had better D. mustn’t
( )4. —I had a backache. I can’t sleep.
—_______
A. Don’t worry. B. Not so well. C. I’m sorry to hear that. D. Why?
( )5. —Oh, you have a headache and a cough. _______ have you been like this?
—Three days.
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How many
( )6. You should _______ the doctor’s advice and _______ the medicine on time.
A. follow; eat B. follow; take C. take; eat D. eat; take
( )7. —I’m afraid you have a cold. You’d better go to see a doctor.
—_______
A. No, I have no time. B. That’s a good idea.
C. It’s very kind of you. D. I’m sorry to hear that.
( )8. You look pale. _______ have a good rest?
A. Why don’t you B. Why are you
C. What about D. Why you don’t
( )9. You should not eat _______ meat. It can make you fatter.
A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too
( )10. It’s bad for our eyes to read books _______ the sun.
A. to B. under C. in D. over
U2T2( )1. —Watching TV too much _______ bad for your eyes.
—I’ll go to bed right away.
A. is B. are C. was D. be
( )2. —I’m fat. What should I do?
—You’d better eat _______ meat and _______ fruits.
A. less; more B. less; less C. more; less D. more; more
( )3. —I am afraid we will miss the early bus.
—Don’t worry. We have _______ time to do it.
A. few B. enough C. little D. many
( )4. _______ necessary for us _______ English well.
A. This is; to learn B. It’s; to learn C. It’s; learn D. That’s; learn
( )5. —You’d better not read _______. It’s bad for your eyes.
—You’re right. I won’t do that again.
A. in the sun B. under the sun C. on the sun D. above the sun
( )6. —Humans can’t live _______ air.
—I agree with you.
A. without B. with C. in D. for
( )7. You are weak. _______ important for you _______ every day.
A. They’re; to exercise B. It’s; to exercise
C. They’re; exercising D. It’s; exercising
( )8. —Scientists tell us smoking can cause cancer.
—_______
A. OK. B. That’s a good idea.
C. It’s really terrible. D. It doesn’t matter.
( )9. You had better ask your brother _______ playing computer games. It’s bad for him.
A. to give up B. not to give up C. to give it up D. not give it up
( )10. Sugar tastes sweet. But, _______, it’s bad to eat too much.
A. such as B. for example C. in fact D. though
U2T3( )1. —Hello! May I speak to Mary?
—_______
A. I’m Mary. B. Mary is me.
C. This is Mary speaking. D. I’m speaking.
( )2. My parents ask me _______ in order to make me healthy.
A. build up me B. build me up
C. to build up me D. to build me up
( )3. Tom _______ yesterday morning, but I was out.
A. built up me B. built me up
C. rang up me D. rang me up
( )4. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang?
—_______
A. You’re welcome. B. Sure, go ahead.
C. No, I’m busy. D. Yes, you must.
( )5. —Must I take part in the activity?
—No, you _______. You’re too young. You should look after yourself.
A. mustn’t B. don’t C. can’t D. don’t have to
( )6. —Who taught _______ Japanese?
—I learned it by _______.
A. you; myself B. your; myself
C. yourself; me D. yourself; myself
( )7. Our teachers often tell us _______ the net bar.
A. stay away from B. to stay away from
C. not stay away from D. not to stay away from
( )8. We don’t know how to prevent the flu. Shall we ask Doctor Wang Hai for______?
A. the advice B. an advice C. some advice D. some advices
( )9. —May I watch TV, Mom?
—I’m afraid you _______.
A. should not B. can’t C. must not D. may not
( )10. —I have a stomachache. What should I do?
—You _______ drink sweet water and _______ eat sweet food.
A. had better not; shouldn’t B. should; had better
C. had