2021成都市高考英语阅读类四月自练及答案1.docx

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. 1Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1? ATo express his doubts.BTo compare different ideas.CTo introduce points for discussion.DTo describe the conditions on Earth.2What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?AHumans are natureborn to do so.BHumans have the tendency to fight.CHumans may find new sources of food.DHumans dont like to stay in the same place.3The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _.Asurvival chances Bpotential resourcesCunexpected benefits Dphysical possessions4What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets? AOur genetic makeup. BResources on the earth.CThe adaptive ability of humans.DByproducts in space exploration.解题导语 本文是一篇谈论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探究的缘由。人类的基因构成打算了人类探究其他领域包括太空的力气。人类探究太空可能临时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会挂念人类生存下去。 1解析：选C。推理推断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要争辩的话题。2解析：选 A。细节理解题。依据其次段的第一句可知人类探究太空的缘由是其基因的构成。3解析：选 C。词义猜想题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“好处，好处”。4解析：选C。细节理解题。依据最终一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应力气会让人类在其他星球生存下去。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”1. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means _.A .university researchers know little about the commercial worldB. there is little exchange between industry and academiaC. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a universityD. few university professors are willing to do industrial research2. What was Helen Lees major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?A. Flexible work hours. B. Her research interests.C .Her preference for the lifestyle on campus. D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.3. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to _. A. do financially more rewarding work B. raise his status in the academic worldC. enrich his experience in medical research D. exploit better intellectual opportunities4. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university? A. Increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market. B. Develop its students potential in research.C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry. D. Gear its research towards practical applications.【参考答案】14、CBDA完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?” I thought for a minute, and then I said, “Ill explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store. I have something 3 to show you. ” At grocery store, we 4 some apples - red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “Its time to 5 your question.” I put one apple of each 6 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 7 look on his face. “People are like apples. They come in all 8 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 9 , some of the apples may not 10 look as the others. ” As I was talking, Adam was 11 each one carefully. Then, I took each of the apples and peeled（削皮）them, 12 them back on the table, but 13 a different place. “Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.” He said, “I 14 tell. They all look same now. ” “Take a bite of 15 . See if that helps you 16 which one is which. ” He took 17 , and then a huge smile came cross his face. . ”People are 18 like apples! They are all different, but once you 19 the outside, theyre pretty much the same on the inside. ” He totally 20 it. I didnt need to say or do anything else. ( ) 1. A. althoughB. soC. becauseD. if ( ) 2. A. stopB. startC. turnD. stay ( ) 3. A. expressive B. encouragingC. informativeD. interesting ( ) 4. A. boughtB. countedC. sawD. collected ( ) 5. A. checkB. mentionC. answerD. improve ( ) 6. A. sizeB. typeC. shapeD. class ( ) 7. A. worriedB. satisfiedC. proudD. curious ( ) 8. A. ordinaryB. normalC. differentD. regular ( ) 9. A. outsideB. wholeC. tableD. inside ( ) 10. A. stillB. evenC. onlyD. ever ( ) 11. A. examiningB. measuringC. drawingD. packing ( ) 12. A. keepingB. placingC. pullingD. giving ( ) 13. A. onB. towardC. forD. in ( ) 14. A. mustntB. cantC. shouldntD. neednt ( ) 15. A. each oneB. each otherC. the otherD. one another ( ) 16. A. admitB. considerC. decideD. believe ( ) 17. A. big bitesB. deep breathsC. a firm holdD. close look ( ) 18. A. justB. alwaysC. merelyD. seldom ( ) 19. A. put awayB. get downC. hand outD. take off ( ) 20. A. madeB. tookC. gotD. did 21. D 所填词引导宾语从句，意思是：是否，选D。22. A 所填名词与谓语动词make构成短语，意思是：做短暂的停留。Make a start：开头，起程；make a turn：轮番；make a stay：待在某地，都与题干意思不符。23. D expressive：表达的；encouraging：嘉奖的，可鼓舞的；informative：供应消息的；interesting：令人感爱好的，好玩的。本句意思是：我有好玩的东西呈现给你看。选D。24. A 由grocery store可知此处选A。25. C 本句意思是：现在到了回答你的问题的时间了。选C。26. B size：大小；type：类型；shape：外形；class：群。本句意思是：我从每种（类型）的苹果拿出一个，放在桌子上。选B。27. D 句意是：Adam奇异地看这我。选D。28. C 由空前的all可以推断出此处选C。29. A 由后文中的outside可知此处选A。30. B 所填词修饰动词look，意思是：甚至，选B。31. A 句子意思是：Adam认真的查看了每一个苹果。选A。32. B 此处是非谓语动词做状语，规律主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与规律主语是主动关系，且非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用v-ing的一般式。33. D 所填介词与后文的名词place构成短语，意思是：在地方，选D。34. B 本句意思是：我不能识别。此处情态动词表力气，选B。35. A 句意是：每个尝一口。选A。36. C admit：承认；consider：考虑，认为；decide：打算；believe：信任。依据句意选C。37. A 依据前文的take a bite if可知此处选A。38. A 此处是确定句，所填词意思是：很，仅仅，选A。always意思是：总是；merely：只，仅仅，常用与否定句中；seldom：很少，都与句意不附。39. D put away：收好；储存；get down：写下，登记；hand out：分发；take off：起飞；脱掉，去掉；名声大振。句子意思是：但是一旦去掉其外皮，。选D。40.C Sb got it意思是：他完全理解了。选C。