2021温州市高考英语短文改错及阅理自练附答案9.docx

【阅读理解】 Peanuts to ThisProudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stonefaced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way？”Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(掷)a coin. Headsthe commander, and tailsthe peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No redos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmasters office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!1What did the authors classmates think about his report?AControversial. BRidiculous. CBoring. DPuzzling.2Why was the author confused about the task?AHe was unfamiliar with American history.BHe followed the advice and flipped a coin.CHe forgot his teachers instruction.DHe was new at the school.3The underlined word“burning”in Para. 3 probably means _.Aannoyed Bashamed Cready Deager4In the end, the author turned things around _.Aby redoing his task Bthrough his own effortsCwith the help of his grandfather Dunder the guidance of his headmaster【要点综述】本文叙述了作者作为一个外来移民初入美国学校时，由于对美国历史不了解而闹出的一个笑话，但作者通过努力最终最终提高成果并实现跳级。1. B推理推断题。依据第一段内容我们知道，由于作者对美国历史的无知，弄混了乔治华盛顿的身份，所以同学们听了作者写的报告忍不住大笑起来。“bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”可知大家觉得这个报告很荒谬。controversial有争议的；ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；boring无聊的；puzzling迷惑的，不解的。2. A推理推断题。 依据其次段“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country”可知，作者是从别的国家初到美国，所以对美国历史不了解而闹了笑话。3. D词义猜想题。 依据全文叙述可知，作者是通过投掷硬币来打算的答案，因此犯了常识错误。第三段中“I was totally lost.”说明作者不明就里，所以当其他同学读报告时，作者渴望知道为什么。annoyed 苦恼的；ashamed惭愧的；ready预备好的，情愿的；eager渴望的。4. B细节理解题。 依据第四段“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.”可知作者是通过throw oneself into(乐观从事)而实现转变的。所以选B。文中老师并没有给作者机会重做，所以A错误；从祖父那里得到建议是在选择华盛顿身份时，所以C错误；而校长是在作者成果提高后才接见的，所以D错误。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared.For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? AFood when poisoned can make people sick.BFood poisoning means death.CFood poisoning comes in varieties.DFood poisoning can be serious.2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning_ .Aare always accompanied by a feverBare too common to be notedCcan be noticed within hoursDcan he ignored3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT_.Asome chemicalsBlow temperaturesCsome tiny living thingsDcertain natural materials4. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that_ .Amushrooms should not be eatenBvegetables are safer than meat and seafoodCnatural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals Ddifferent types of food should be handled differently 解题导语本文主要叙述了几种食物中毒的表现，如何避开食物中毒的一些留意事项以及食物中毒后的一些处理方法。1解析： 选B。细节理解题。由第一段第三句Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知B项内容描述错误。食物中毒不愿定就意味着死亡。 2解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段倒数其次句The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知C项正确。由第一段最终一句Fever is one of the most common symptoms.可知A项错误；由第一段其次句可知食物中毒的人会生病，故B、D两项错误。 3解析：选 B。细节理解题。由第三段第一句、其次段第三句和第五段倒数其次句可知A、C、D三项内容正确。而由第五段中Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures.可知，B项中的low temperatures不会导致食物中毒。4解析：选D。推理推断题。本段叙述了如何处理不同类型的食物中毒的状况。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。You know eating fruit and vegetables does good.But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent agerelated diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange ，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察)to othersand was seen as appealing.A camera measured changes to the skins redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)，which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour and betacarotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.4 What do we know from the research?A If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.B The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.C Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.D People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.2 Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids ?A They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.B They can prevent heart disease and cancer.C They can prevent agerelated diseases.D They can keep you in good health.3 Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage?A Weve already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.B We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.C The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.D Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect on the skin.4 We can infer from the passage that _Askins redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractiveBcarotenoids have the same effect as lycopeneCit is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colourDboth betacarotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface解题导语本文主要论述了吃水果和蔬菜不仅让我们的身体健康，而且还能使人看起来更秀丽。1解析：选B。细节理解题。依据They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks.故选B。 2解析：选D。细节理解题。依据Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent agerelated diseases including heart disease and cancer.没有提到选项D的内容，故选D。3解析：选B。细节理解题。依据全文都是说现在的争辩发觉的内容，没有提到过去的状况，故选B。4解析：选A。推理推断题。依据People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.可以推出皮肤发红、发黄、轻快让人看起来更健康和有吸引力。故选A。 【2022陕西省商南县高级中学高三上二模】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 （）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。As a senior three student, it wont take long after I graduate. Now, I have much to share with my fellow student. Firstly, Id like to show my appreciation to those stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help or advice, my life will be different. Secondly, its high time for I to say sorry to the classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood. I firm believe that communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship. Thirdly, Ive made my mind to make every effort to study, so hard work is the key to a success. Finally I want to express my hope which all the younger fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man. 【参考答案】1. after-before 2. student-students 3. stand前加who或 standing 4. will-would 5. I-me 6. firm-firmly 7. my前加up 8. so- because/for/ as 9. success前a去掉 10. which-that 【2022界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 留意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。As is known, that it is interesting to teach children to swim while they are still babies. Most large town in Florida and California have already run particularly lessons for babies. The idea has quickly spread to Europe which, in several countries, special courses were now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. The first step is to have child get rid of the fear with water. Next, he is teaching to float in water. Once he can do that naturally and can swim with fear, the child can master the technique and push him forward through water. 【参考答案】改错：第一句：去掉that其次句：towns第三句：particular 第四句：which改成where第五句：were改成are第六句：have与child之间加a第七句：with water 改成 of water第八句：taught第九句：without第十句：himself