高三英语知识点复习课后提能演练14.doc

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Period Two　Reading and Vocabulary

Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1．At present, officials are analyzing(分析) why the traffic accidents have gotten bigger and bigger.
2．Nationwide CET－6 is optional with the students in colleges, but a good score can help them find better jobs.
3．Fine words and a suave appearance are seldom related to true virtue．
4．Take the small case and you'll find it handy for use when traveling.
5．He found it hard to resist buying these books.
6．The official said the government would ban all the TV stations' inserting ads during TV operas the next year.
Ⅱ.选择下面短语的适当形式填空
rely upon/on；a sequence of ; as follows; be identical to
1．You can rely__upon/on it that it will rain this weekend.
2．This picture is__identical__to the one my mother has.
3．As you sleep you pass through a__sequence__of sleep states－light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep－that repeats.
4．The next procedure is as__follows．
Ⅲ.根据汉语完成句子
1．他说的话并不重要。
What__he__says is not important.
2．新鲜空气是健康的基础。
Fresh air is__fundamental__to good health.
3．我发觉在家里工作很难，因为使人分心的事太多。
I find__it__hard__to work at home because there are too many distractions.
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．While shopping, can you resist ________ to buy anything that you don't really need?
A．being persuaded B．persuading
C．to be persuaded D．to persuade
答案　A
解析　句意：购物时，你能抵挡住被说服去买一些自己并不真正需要的东西吗？resist 意为“忍住，抵挡”，后接名词或动名词。另外，you 与 persuade 之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，动名词应采用被动形式。
2．I would rather not ________ him until I'm absolutely sure that he is trustworthy.
A．rely on B．turn down
C．account for D．lie in
答案　A
解析　句意：在没有完全确定他值得信赖之前，我宁可不指望他。rely on“依赖，依靠”，符合题意。turn down “拒绝”； account for “解释……的原因”； lie in “在于”。
3．The opinions of almost all the members are ________ whether to set up a new branch office in London.
A．similar to B．the same to
C．identical in D．identical with
答案　C
解析　句意：关于是否在伦敦建一个新办事处，几乎所有的会员持相同意见。be identical in表示“在某方面完全相同”，符合题意。
4．________is well known that China is becoming more and more influential in the world today.
A．It B．There C．As D．What
答案　A
解析　 句意：众所周知现在中国在世界上越来越有影响力。It作形式主语，代替后面that 引导的主语从句。
5．The________ is being held at the police headquarters for questioning.
A．doubt B．uncertainty
C．suspect D．informer
答案　C
解析　句意：嫌疑人目前被关押在警察总部接受审问。doubt表示“不确定”；uncertainty表示“不确定”；suspect表示“嫌疑人”；informer表示“告密者”。根据句意可知选C。
6．________ he is doing seems quite difficult.
A．How B．That C．Which D．What
答案　D
解析　句意： 他所做的事情似乎非常难。此处考查的名词性从句，从句中缺主语，句中指他做的事情，故选D。
7．All of us consider it wrong ________ in the exam.
A．to be cheated B．have cheated
C．to cheat D．having been cheated
答案　C
解析　it作形式宾语，真的宾语是后面的不定式。
8．—Sorry，I'm late.I got stuck in traffic.
—________．You're here now.Come in and sit down.
A．You are welcome B．That's right
C．I have no idea D．Never mind
答案　D
解析　考查交际用语。句意：——很抱歉我迟到了。路上堵车了。——没关系。你来了就好，进来坐吧。Never mind没关系，不要紧，符合语境。
9．—I am in great trouble now.
—You may depend on ________that all of us will support you.
A．that B．it C．one D．/
答案　B
解析　句意：——我现在遇到大麻烦了。——你可以相信我们所有的人都将支持你。depend on it that...相信/指望……，为固定句型，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that从句的内容。
10．________ I can see，there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A．As long as B．As far as
C．Just as D．Even if
答案　B
解析　as far as I can see据我所知。as long as只要，表示条件；just as就像……，表示方式；even if即使，表示让步；皆不符合语境。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they used to.Yet, all __1__ things still show the effect of aging, which will eventually __2__ death.The body and the __3__ they form do not function as well as they __4__ in childhood and adolescence (青春期)．The body provides less__5__ against diseases and is more prone (易于……的) to__6__.
A number of related causes may __7__ to aging.Some cells of the body have a __8__ long life, but they are not__9__ when they die.As a person ages, __10__ of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.Other body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person, however, the __11__ cells may not be as viable (能生存的) or as capable __12__ growth as those of a young person.
Another factor in aging may be changed within the cells __13__.Some of the protein chemicals in cells __14__ known to change __15__ age and become less elastic.This is why the skin of old people wrinkles and hangs loose.This is also the reason why old people shrink in __16__.There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells.Some complex cell chemicals, __17__ DNA and RNA, store and __18__ information that the cells need.Aging may __19__ this process and change the information __20__ they do not transmit the information as well.
【语篇解读】 尽管人现在比原来的寿命要长很多，但是也避免不了衰老和死亡，那么到底是什么让人不断衰老的呢？文章做了简要的说明。
1．A.living B．natural C．lively D．lovely
答案　A
解析　由上文可知，此处应为all living things (所有的生命体)。
2．A.result in B．result from
C．contain D．conclude
答案　A
解析　result in“导致”； result from“由于”； contain“包括”； conclude“断定，终止”。根据句意“但是所有生命体都会变老，最终导致死亡”可知选A项。
3．A.hands B．brains C．organs D．legs
答案　C
解析　本文描述的是人体各个器官的衰老，所以此处应填organs“组织，器官”。hand“手”；brain“大脑”；leg“腿”。
4．A.made B．did C．grew D．had
答案　B
解析　这里用助动词did来代替前文出现的动词function。句意：(随着生命体的变老)生命体及其器官所起的作用不如儿时和青少年时了。
5．A.prevention B．protection
C．strength D．vitamin
答案　B
解析　prevention常和介词from连用，表示“阻止，防止……”； protection和介词against连用，表示“保护……免受……”。C、D两项逻辑不通。
6．A.health B．accident C．age D．growth
答案　B
解析　生命体及其器官所起的作用不如年轻时，所以这时生命体更容易发生意外(accident)。health“健康”；age“年龄”；growth“生长”。
7．A.contribute B．compare
C．strengthen D．be drown
答案　A
解析　strengthen“加强，巩固”；contribute“导致，贡献”；compare“比较”。句意：许多相关原因都可以导致衰老。
8．A.fairly B．little C．more D．less
答案　A
解析　根据下文的转折可推断，此处应为肯定的意思。fairly“相当，非常”；little“少”；more不符合语法。
9．A.repeated B．replied
C．replaced D．rearranged
答案　C
解析　由下文的“Other body cells die and are replaced by new cells”可推测出，此处应填replaced“代替”。repeat“重说”；reply“回答”；rearrange“重新安排”。
10．A.the amount B．any amount
C．the number D．a number
答案　C
解析　由此句的decreases“减少”可知其主语应为the number“数量”。
11．A.remaining B．other
C．old D．new
答案　D
解析　由上文可知，此处应表达新细胞的功能障碍，故 D项。
12．A.of B．to C．with D．for
答案　A
解析　be capable of为固定搭配，意为“有……的能力”。
13．A.themselves B．itself
C．by themselves D．of themselves
答案　A
解析　本段叙述的是衰老的第二个因素：人体“细胞自身(themselves)”的变化。
14．A.is B．are C．was D．were
答案　B
解析　本句的主语(some of the protein chemicals)是复数且叙述的是客观真理，故其谓语动词用动词原形，且用复数。
15．A.with B．within C．for D．on
答案　A
解析　“随着年龄的增长而变老”应为change with age。within“在……之内”；for“为了”；on“关于，在……上面”。
16．A.height B．high
C．heighten D．higher
答案　A
解析　这里应用“in＋名词”结构，四个选项中只有A项height(高度)是名词形式。
17．A.as such B．as that
C．as though D．such as
答案　D
解析　根据上下文，此处是用于举例。as that“这样”；as though“好像”；such as“例如”。
18．A.pass on B．pass by
C．pass into D．pass off
答案　A
解析　DNA和RNA储存和传递(pass on)细胞需要的信息。pass by“路过”；pass into“变成，进入”；pass off“停止”。
19．A.cancel B．affect C．benefit D．stop
答案　B
解析　cancel“取消”；affect“影响”；benefit“使受益”；stop“使停止”。句意：衰老会影响这种过程……。
20．A.so that B．providing that
C．in case D．if
答案　A
解析　根据逻辑推断，此句应为结果状语从句，故用so that“因此”。providing that“假如”；in case“万一 ”； if“如果”。
沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
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须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
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只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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