2015届高考英语语法专项课后训练题36.doc

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第18讲 状语从句经典精讲（上）
主讲教师：林斌 北京八十中学英语特级教师

开篇语
开心自测
开心自测讲解
题一：
Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ___he had done something very clever.
A. as if B. in case C. while D. though
题二：
To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.
A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever
题三：
__________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
A. Since B. While C. If D. As
题四：
____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless

主要考点梳理
地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever you go，I’m right here waiting for you.

方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as, (just)as...so..., as if, as though引导。as，(just)as...so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但当(just)as...so...结构位于句首时，as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如；就像”，多用于正式文体。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。译作“仿佛……似的；好像……似的”。
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed.
He looks as if ( as though)he had been hit by lighting.
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

原因状语从句
比较because, since, as和for的用法：
because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知的，就用as或since.
I didn’t go, because I was afraid.
Since / As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for.
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.

目的状语从句
表示目的状语的从句可以由 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。
You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all.
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so...that或such...that引导。so...that与such...that之间可以转换。
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to.

条件状语从句
连接词主要有 if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that等。
Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk.

让步状语从句
though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
Though the sore is healed, yet a scar may remain.
as, though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词原形提前)。
Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
ever if, even though“即使”。
We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

whether...or...“不管……都”。
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
“no matter ＋疑问词”或“疑问词＋－ever”。
No matter what happened, he would not mind. ＝ Whatever happened, he would not mind.

高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在省略，时态的替代，语序的倒装以及连词的
辨析四个方面。
成分的省略
(1) 在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是it或与主句的主语一
致，且谓语动词含有be时，可把从句的主语和be一起省略。
Don’ speak until (you are) spoken to.
Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.
(2) 在比较状语从句中，可省略与主句相同的部分。
I know you more than he (knows you).
Tom is two years older than Alice (is).
(3) as (尽管)引导让步状语从句倒装时，表语提前，且其前的冠词要省略。
Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.

时态的替代
(1) 在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
(2) The more...the more...句型中，前句起条件状语从句作用，故用现在时表将来。
The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.
(3)after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。
I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.
The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.
He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.

语序的倒装
(1)no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely/barely...when...句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。
No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.
(2)so / such...that...，not until...置于句首时主句要倒装。
So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak.
Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.
连词的辨析
根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。

金题精讲
近几年高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在以下几个方面：
考点：when，while与as的用法均可表示“当……的时候”，但有区别：
when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语
动作同时发生。有时还有“这时”的意思。
while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而”。
as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。常用一般现在时或过去时，意为“一边……一边……”。有时还有“随着”含义。
题一：
I do every single bit of housework ____my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A. since B. while C. when D. as

“一……就……”几种表达法
once, as soon as, the moment minute, immediately/directly/instantly引导的从句常用一般现在时或过去时。
hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than …结构中，前句常用过去完成式（常用部分倒装形式），后句用过去式。
On doing sth., each /every/the firs /the last + time 后也可直接接从句，一起作时间状语。
题二：
—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
—Yes. I gave it to her _____ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once

考点：because, as, since与for的用法比较
because：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的问题。because与so不能同时并列使用。
since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。译为“既然”。
as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。
for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，且不可位于句首。
题三：
_______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.
A. For B. Since C. When D. While

考点：no matter后可接who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, how, whether.
引导的让步主语从句可用whoever, whomever, whenever, whichever, whatever, wherever, however替换，但在ever引导其它从句时不可用no matter引导。
题四：
_______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing

考点：until / till的用法
题五：
It was _____ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
题六：
—Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
—Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in the grade.
A. after B. unless C. until D. when
开心自测讲解
题一：A 题二：C 题三：B 题四：C

金题精讲
题一：B 题二：B 题三：B 题四：C 题五：C 题六：C

希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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