英语考试真题集锦.doc

2010年北京地区本科学士学位英语统一考试试题及答案(B)Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A liMe-known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.What arethe implications of these increased numbers of older folk? (76) One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live. the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability( 残疾). Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.(77) Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African couintries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change.Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Life-long learning programs need to be provided to enable older peopleto be active members in a countrys development.Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to, build a suitable safety net.To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort. One thing is sure: there is no time to be lost.1. The proportion of older peopleA. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesB. is one-seventh of the population developing countriesC. will increase much faster in China than in FranceD. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 20202. According to the passage, which of the following are governments most worded about?A. The diseases and disability of older people.B. The longer life and good health of people.C. The loss of taxes on older people.D. The increasing respect for older people.3. It is stated directly in the passage that older people shouldA. be treated differently in different culturesB. enjoy a similar lifestyleC. be ignored as society changesD. be valued by the younger generations4. Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?A. Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.B. Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.C. Providing free health care for sick older people.D. Supplying life-long learning programs to older people.5. The author concludes in the last paragraph thatA. governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problemB. population ageing is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgentlyC. people are too busy to solve the population ageing problemD. much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problemPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide. “The most worrying development is a culture of drug-friendliness,”says the UNs International Narcotics Control Board in a report released last year.The 74-page study says that pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures.“Some songs encourage people to take drugs. (78) Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle,”the study says.Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose (过量用药). “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼) the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use,”it notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singers and movie stars-including Elvis Presley, Janice Joplin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of eitherdrug abuse or drugrelated illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages promoting, drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries, the names of certain POP stars have become familiar to the members of every household,”the study says.The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug incidents, which encourages rather than prevents drag abuse. “Over the past years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,”says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups mn political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs,”he says. Ghodse also points out that all thee developments have created an environment which is tolerant(容忍的) of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention effortscurrently under way.The study focuses on demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug (赞成吸毒) messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are berug exposed.6. Which of the following statements does ,the author tend to agree with?A. The use of drags for non-medicinal purposes is, an acceptable part of a persons lifestyle.B. The spreading ofpop music may cause drag abuse to go beyond country boundaries.C. No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drag abuse.D. Governments have no ability to act against the pro-drag messages of the youth culture.7. The expression “under fire”? in the first paragraph meansA. in an urgent situation B. facing some problems C. being criticized D. in trouble8. From the third paragraph, we learn that the youthA. tend to mourn the pop stars who died of overdose as role modelsB. are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse dmgsC. try to face the deadly effect of drug useD. may stop abusing drugs9. Which of the following is. not mentioned as tolerant of drug abuse?A. The spreading of pop music.B. The media.C. Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.D. The low price of some drags.10. According to the passage, pop musicA. has a great influence on young people of most culturesB. attracts a small number of young peopleC. is not a profitable industryD. is alone responsible for drug abusePassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based onthe following passage:(79) Extensive new studies suggestthat the world has, made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, and economic liberalization (自由化) after two world wars. One new study, published recently by the Institute for International Economics in Washington, finds that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 .percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1980 and 12 percent in 1999. By some other measures, the progress has been more modest. Still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as India and especially China, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom. “This is a huge success for the world as a whole,”says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper. “We are doing something right.”The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington an event that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the Bank and its sister institution, the International Monetary Fund (IMF国际货币基金组织), have done too little for the worlds poor. (80) The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Vast populations remain poor, and many still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful to understand what policies should be followed by th6se institutions and hundreds of other development groups working very hard to hasten the pace of world economic progress. If dramatic gains are under way, the present policies- calling for open markets, freebusiness activities, and tight monetary control are working and correct.But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic.success stories as Japan, China, South Korea and Singapore are rooted in more than just free, markets. These nations have managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reduce poverty, by limiting imports when their domestic industries were yotmg, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controls on purely international financial;flows. They have been open to foreign-owned factories but have often insisted that those investors sharethe knowledge and skill on modem technologies,11. The word “plunged” in the firs paragraphmeansA. decreased B. Climbed C. increased D. dropped into water12. From the passage, we learn that_A. World Bank has done nothing to help the poor in the worldB. IMF only helps the rich in the worldC. World Bank controls all the banks in the worldD. there are some demonstrations against World Bank in recent years13. According to this passage, in_, the world had the largest number of poor people.A. 1999 B. 1980 C. 1950 D. 199014. According to the author, the economy of East Asian countries grew very fast because of the following measures EXCEPT_A. encouraging export B. opening up to foreigninvestmentsC.limiting international financial flows D. controlling import15. The best title for this passage might be_.A. Chinas Contribution to the Reduction of Poverty in the WorldB. World Banks Extraordinary Progress in Recent DecadesC. Indias Leading Role in Reducing Global PovertyD. Global Progress in Reducing PovertyPart Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. By the time you finish your homework, all of us_ ours at hand, Im sure.A. will finish B. will have finished C. have finished D. have been finishing17. In time of trouble Charliecould always_a solution.A. put aside B. look down upon C. break out D. come up with18. Before building a house, you will have to_the governments permission.A. get from B. follow C. receive D. ask for19. The director had her assistant_some hot dogs for the staff members.A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up20. _their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A. TO throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown21. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which of the parents spoke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. each22. Youd better go there by train. The train ticket is _ the plane ticket.A. as cheap three times as B. as three times cheapasC. three times as cheap as D. cheaper three times than23. This new machineis technically far_ to the previous type.A. Superior: B. junior C. senior D. equal24. There is a great deal of evidence_that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicate B. Indicating C. indicated D. to be indicating25. She became the first woman to enter the school but withdrew after a few days_stress.A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. In honor of26._is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London.A. It B. What C. As D. Which27. The discovery of these tombs is_for scholars studying Chinese history.A. of very important B. great significant C. of great significance D. greatly importance28. Seans strong love for his country is_in his recently published poems.A. relieved B. Reflected C. responded D. recovered29. Would You please keep silent? The weather report_and I want to listen.A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast30. The teacher stressedagain thatthe students should not_any important details while retelling the story.A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out31. The man moved_forward and looked over the edge, shrinking his shoulders.A. accurately B. Cautiously C. brilliantly D. disappointedly32. The police are trying to find out the_of the woman,killed in the traffic accident.A. evidence B. recognition C identity D. status33. By no means_to her parents.A. this is the first time has she lied B. this is the first time does she tell a lieC. is this the first time She has lied D. is this the first time she was lying34. Climate change will greatly_wheat and rice production if nations dont take steps now.A. fall B. leak C. lack D. reduce35. She always buys_ my birthday.A. something awful to B. anything awful toC. something nice for D. anything nice for36. He failed to live Up to _had been expected of him.A. what B. which C. that D. all37. It is very _ of you to arrange an early.meeting between your boss and our team.A. considerate B. Considerable C. consideriiig D. considered38. I would have told him about the change of time for the class,_to class last tune.A. did he come B. he came C. had he come D. he had come39. The wind was so strong last night that it tore the_ of the ship into two or three pieces.A. mask B. mine C. sail D. satellite40. _all the money people here spend eating out, restaurants profit is still below five percent.A. Despite B.Thanks to C. Since D. Like41. Many a man_