名词性从句连接词用法市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

复合句复合句一、复合句定义复合句又称主从复合句，由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句组成，主句为句子主体，从句不能独立，只用作句子一个成份，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语（包含地点、条件、时间、原因、让步、结果等状语）。从句担任哪个句子成份，这个从句就叫做该成份从句，如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等。第1页二、名词性从句定义和分类名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句主语、宾语、表语、同位语。所以，句主语、宾语、表语、同位语。所以，名词性从句可分为名词性从句可分为_、_、_和和_。主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句第2页三、引导名词性从句连接词三、引导名词性从句连接词 引导名词性从句连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句连接词可分为三类：连接词词：that,whether/if 不充当从句任何成份）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why第3页引导词意义在从句中作用 无义无义that whether/if1.隶属隶属连词连词无分无分是否是否无分无分2.连接连接 代词代词whatwhateverwhichwhicheverwhowhoeverwhomwhose什么什么/所所东西东西不论什么不论什么哪一个哪一个/哪一些哪一些不论哪一个不论哪一个/些些谁谁不论谁不论谁/凡是凡是人都人都谁谁谁谁主、宾、表主、宾、表主、宾、表主、宾、表主、宾、表、定主、宾、表、定主主 主、宾、表、定主、宾、表、定主主 宾宾 定定第4页引导词意义在从句中作用 3.连接连接 副词副词whenwhere什么时候什么时候/时候时候哪里哪里/地方地方时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语why为何为何/原因原因原因状语原因状语how怎样怎样/方式方式方式状语方式状语第5页that，无义，在句中不担任任何句子成份，无义，在句中不担任任何句子成份，1）He has told me _ he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2）We must never think _ we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.3)I had no idea _ you were here.4)The fact is _ we have lost the game.什么时候用连接词什么时候用连接词that？假如从句句子成份不残缺，句子意思完整，用假如从句句子成份不残缺，句子意思完整，用that 引导。引导。(that)(that)thatthat第6页1)_ this is true or not,I cant say.2）I cant say _ this is true or not.3)_ he could come was uncertain.4)The problem is _she can arrive on time.从句不缺任何句子成份，但句子意思未完整从句不缺任何句子成份，但句子意思未完整,要要加上加上“是否是否”句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用whether/if引导。但要注意：宾语从句从句位于句首、主引导。但要注意：宾语从句从句位于句首、主语从句位于句首、表语从句、同位语从句不能语从句位于句首、表语从句、同位语从句不能用用if 引导。引导。Whether whether/ifwhether/if 作作“是否是否”解，在句子中不充解，在句子中不充当句子成份。当句子成份。whether Whether 第7页连接代词使用方法连接代词使用方法：what（什么（什么,所所事或物事或物,)作主语、宾语、表语作主语、宾语、表语1)_ we need is more time.2)This is _ we want.3)Will you show me _ you bought?4)She is no longer _ she was five years ago.从句缺主语、宾语或表语，要加上从句缺主语、宾语或表语，要加上“什么什么,所所事或物事或物”句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用what 引导。引导。What whatwhatwhat第8页连接代词使用方法连接代词使用方法：whatever(不论什么都不论什么都,任何任何东西东西/事或物）在事或物）在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语1)_ she does is ridiculous.2)_ I have done is only for you.3)Choose _ you like.从句缺主语、宾语或表语，要加上从句缺主语、宾语或表语，要加上“不论不论什么什么,任何任何东西东西/事或物事或物”句子意思才完句子意思才完整，用整，用whatever 引导。引导。WhateverWhateverwhatever第9页which（哪一个，哪一些）在句中作主语、（哪一个，哪一些）在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。宾语、表语和定语。1)He asked me _ class I was in.2)They are twins.So that I cant tell _ is which.3)I wonder _he like best.从句缺主语、宾语、表语或定语，要从句缺主语、宾语、表语或定语，要加上加上“哪一个，哪一些哪一个，哪一些”句子意思才句子意思才完整，用完整，用which引导。引导。whichwhichwhich第10页whichever（任何（任何东西，东西，随便哪一个）在随便哪一个）在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1)You can have _ you like best.2)Take_ you want.从句缺主语、宾语、表语和定语，要加上从句缺主语、宾语、表语和定语，要加上“任何任何东西，东西，随便哪一个）随便哪一个）”句子意思句子意思才完整，用才完整，用whichever引导。引导。whicheverwhichever你能够选择你最喜欢哪一个。你能够选择你最喜欢哪一个。你要哪个就拿哪个你要哪个就拿哪个第11页 who(常译作常译作“谁谁”，“人人”),在句中在句中作主语或表语。作主语或表语。1)Do you know _ has taken my dictionary away?2)I dont know _ that woman is.3）He doesnt know _ first discovered America.4)_ will win the match is still unknown.从句缺主语或表语，要加上从句缺主语或表语，要加上“谁谁”，“人人”句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用who引导。引导。whowhowhoWho第12页whoever(常译作常译作“不论谁不论谁”，“任何任何人人都都”，凡是凡是人都人都),在句中作主语或表语。在句中作主语或表语。1)_ walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.2)_ is here gets a prize.从句缺主语或表语，要加上从句缺主语或表语，要加上“不论谁不论谁”，“任何任何人都人都”，凡是凡是人都人都”句句子意思才完整，用子意思才完整，用whoever引导。引导。Whoever Whoever任何在这种大雨中行走人都会感冒。任何在这种大雨中行走人都会感冒。第13页whom 常译作常译作“谁谁”,在句中作宾语在句中作宾语。I wanted to know _ she borrowed the money from.从句缺宾语，要加上从句缺宾语，要加上“谁谁”，句子意思句子意思才完整，用才完整，用whom引导。引导。whom第14页whose 常译作常译作“谁谁”,在句中作定语在句中作定语。He asked me _ handwriting was the best in the class.从句缺定语，要加上从句缺定语，要加上“谁谁”，句子意思句子意思才完整，用才完整，用whose引导。引导。whose第15页 where常译作常译作“哪里哪里”，“地方地方”，在句，在句中作地点状语中作地点状语。1）I dont know _ he lives.2）Can you tell me _ the nearest post office is？3）That is_ Lu Xun used to live.4）That is _ we often have a chat.5)_ the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.从句缺地点状语，要加上从句缺地点状语，要加上“哪里哪里”，“地方地方”，句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用where引导。引导。wherewherewherewhereWhere第16页when常译作常译作“什么时候什么时候”，“时候时候”，在句中作时间状语在句中作时间状语。1）I wondered _he would come back.2）Do you know _he will leave for Hong Kong?3)I have no idea _ she will be back.4)That was _ I was thirty.那就是我三十岁时候。那就是我三十岁时候。从句缺时间状语，要加上从句缺时间状语，要加上“什么时候什么时候”，“时候时候”，句子意思才完句子意思才完整，用整，用when引导。引导。whenwhenwhenwhen第17页how 常译作常译作“怎样怎样”，“方式方式”，在句中，在句中作方式状语作方式状语。1）Everyone knew _ Yaoming became a success.2）Would you please tell me _I can finish the work in the shortest possible time?3)That was _ she was treated by the boss.从句缺方式状语，要加上从句缺方式状语，要加上“怎样怎样”，“方式方式”，句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用how引导。引导。howhowhow她就是这么受到老板对待她就是这么受到老板对待第18页why 常译作常译作“为何为何”，“原因原因”，在句，在句中作原因状语中作原因状语。1）He didnt know _ he didnt pass the exam.2)I wonder _ she refused my invitation.3)He didnt study hard,thats _ he didnt pass the exam.从句缺原因状语，要加上从句缺原因状语，要加上“为何为何”，“原因原因”，句子意思才完整，用句子意思才完整，用why引导。引导。whywhywhy第19页whether 和和if区分：区分：whether与与if 作作“是否是否”意思讲时，普通情况能够通意思讲时，普通情况能够通用，但以下情况只能用用，但以下情况只能用whether，不用，不用if：1.作作discuss或介词宾语时。如：或介词宾语时。如：1）We discussed whether we should close the shop.2)Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够钱。一切要看我们是否有足够钱。3）I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.2.后接动词不定式时。如：后接动词不定式时。如：1)Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？你能否告诉我是去还是留？2)I wonder whether to tell her or not.第20页3.其后紧接其后紧接“or not”时。如：时。如：1）He didnt say whether or not he would be staying there.2)I dont care whether or not your car breaks down.4.在在whether or whether 句式中。句式中。如：如：I wonder whether hell go himself or whether hell send a friend to go.5.引导主语从句或宾语从句置于句首时。引导主语从句或宾语从句置于句首时。1）Whether this is true or not,I cant say.2）Whether he could come was uncertain.6.引导表语从句、同位语从句时。引导表语从句、同位语从句时。1）The question is whether he should have a low opinion of this test.2）The problem is whether she can arrive on time.3）The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.第21页句型转换。句型转换。1.An earthquake took place in Sichuan.Word came.Word came _ an earthquake took place in Sichuan.2 He will go to Shanghai tomorrow.He told me.He told me _ he _go to Shanghai tomorrow.3.Will he keep his word?I doubt I doubt _ _ _ keep his word.4.Can you do me a favor？I wonder I wonder _ _ _do me a favor.that wouldthatwhether he will whether/if you can第22页5.What has happened to him?I wonderI wonder_ _ _ to him.6.Which school is he in?I have no ideaI have no idea _ _ _ _in.7.Who has taken my dictionary?He askedHe asked _ _ _his dictionary away?8.Whose handwriting is the best?He asked.He asked me _ _ _the best in the class.what has happenedwhich school he iswho had takenwhose handwriting was第23页9.Why did she refuse my invitation?I wonderI wonder _ _ _my invitation.10.When will he leave for Hong Kong?_ _ _ _ for Hong Kong hasnt been decided yet?11.Where does our problem lie?This is_ _ _ _.12.Which dress should she buy.What she wants to know is _ _ _ _buy.why she refusedWhen he will leavewhere our problem lieswhich dress she should第24页