高二英语上册课时综合检测试题15.doc

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综合检测(四)
Unit 4　Astronomy：the science of the stars
(满分：120分；时间：100分钟)
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．Recently a kind of industrial glue which is________to people's health has been found in some medicine.
A．harmful　 B．harmless　
C．good　 D．friendly
2．Seeing the bad results of the exams，she was rather frustrated and felt________about her future.
A．surprising B．puzzling
C．puzzled D．surprised
3．When Yao Ming was present at the airport，all the people waiting there________.
A．brought up B．grew up
C．cheered up D．turned up
4．—Do you believe that God really________？
—Sorry，I've never thought about it.
A．has B．remains
C．stays D．exists
5．Some plants can take in carbon dioxide we breathe out and give off oxygen________.
A．in case B．in turn
C．in return D．in addition
6．________his parents，he was more concentrated on his own future than his duty.
A．Not like B．Unlike
C．Dislike D．Alike
7．—Are you finishing the task?
—________.We need at least three hours.
A．Far from it B．Exactly
C．Not a little D．No wonder
8．I was still living in London when the war________.
A．broke down B．broke out
C．broke into D．broke off
9．________you are alone at home，why don't you go with us to the party?
A．Even though B．As though
C．So that D．Now that
10．The water shortage is serious in some countries，and the________solution，I think，is that we should improve water use efficiency，save water and prevent water pollution.
A．direct B．gradual
C．fundamental D．universal
11．As________astronomer，how I wish I could have a chance to make a trip into________space.
A．a；the B．an；/
C．/；/ D．an；the
12．Sanya is a perfect place for you to spend your holiday.The blue sea，soft sand and________wind will make you completely relaxed.
A．peaceful B．high
C．weak D．gentle
13．________we develop our economy shouldn't be at the cost of destroying our environment.
A．That B．What
C．Which D．How
14．Americans eat________as they actually need every day.
A．twice as much protein
B．twice protein as many
C．twice protein as much
D．protein as twice much
15．—Do you feel like going on picnic this weekend?
—________.I was thinking about how to relax myself.
A．I believe not B．Not really
C．I couldn't agree more D．What a pity
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
During World Space Week(October 4～10)，you may learn about some of the space's myths. One is: “The Great Wall of China is the only man­made object__16__from space with the naked eye.”
You might be__17__of this claim, but it's not true. In fact, astronauts say that the Great Wall is just one of many man­made__18__can be seen from space. From an orbit 217 kilometres__19__the earth，it is__20__to see highways，airports，bridges, dams and even large__21__.
Cities can even be seen clearly from the International Space Station ( ISS, 国际空间站)，__22__circles about 400 kilometres above the planet. “You can see the__23__pyramids from space with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜). They are a little difficult to__24__with just your eyes，” said Ed Lu, a US astronaut__25__the ISS.
“With binoculars you can also see roads, harbours and even very large__26__in the ocean. From the moon, astronauts cannot__27__any man­made features on earth and the continents are very hard__28__. On Mars，the earth would appear to the naked eye as__29__but a bright ‘star’．”__30__what about the Great Wall? “You can see the Great Wall from space，”Lu said. “But it's a lot__31__than a lot of other objects. You can only see it in radar images，__32__in ordinary photographs.”
No one knows who__33__the Great Wall story. The earliest reference to it comes in a book by a US writer Richard Halliburton，published in 1938. He wrote，“Astronomers say that the Great Wall is the only man­made thing on our planet visible to the human eye from the moon.”
Halliburton's books__34__quite well during the first half of the 20th century. So，if he didn't__35__the story himself，he certainly spread it widely.
16．A.invisible B．visible
C．acceptable D．unacceptable
17．A.proud B．thankful
C．strange D．surprised
18．A.object that B．objects
C．object D．objects that
19．A.on B．under
C．across D．above
20．A.possible B．suitable
C．unlikely D．interesting
21．A.animals B．insects
C．vehicles D．birds
22．A.that B．which
C．where D．whose
23．A.Egyptian B．European
C．Chinese D．American
24．A.find out B．pick out
C．pick up D．take up
25．A.board B．abroad
C．broad D．aboard
26．A.ships B．houses
C．fish D．seashell
27．A.break out B．make out
C．take out D．hand out
28．A.to be seen B．to look
C．to be looked D．to see
29．A.something B．nothing
C．everything D．anything
30．A.But B．And
C．So D．However
31．A.more clear B．clearer
C．less clear D．much clear
32．A.seldom B．nor
C．hardly D．not
33．A.first told B．firstly told
C．first spoke D．first said
34．A.were sold B．are sold
C．sold D．sell
35．A.make B．make up
C．make up of D．make out
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is send a few comets(彗星) in the direction of Earth, and its orbit will be changed. Our world will then be sent into a safer, colder part of the solar system.
This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—effectively doubling its working life.
The plan put forward by Dr.Laughlin，and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet of asteroid(小行星) so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to Earth.
“Earth's orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the Sun, ”Laughlin said.
Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter or Saturn. The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth，and the process would be repeated.
In the short term, the plan provides an ideal way to global warming，although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger. The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so“seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈)—by cooking us.
That's why the group decided to try to save Earth.
The plan has one or two worrying aspects, however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculation(误算) in orbit could fire it straight at Earth—with deadly results.
There is also the question of the Moon. As the scientific American magazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its current position it is“most likely that the Moon would be stripped away from Earth，” it states. This would change our planet's climate.
36．If the plan is successful, Earth will have a working life of________years.
A．12 billion B．6 billion
C．18 billion D．24 billion
37．What makes the scientists plan to save Earth?
A．A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth.
B．Earth's working life is coming to an end soon.
C．Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.
D．The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth.
38．What does the underlined word “compromise” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Provide B．Benefit
C．Share D．Endanger
39．Which of the following best shows how the plan would work?

B
Of all the planets, none has captured the world's imagination like Mars. Its reddish color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.
In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Well's The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.
Today, Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecrafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.
The Smithsonian's Mars Day offered a chance for people of all ages to touch Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites(陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight­year­old Sam learned that the ancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “It's actually orangish more than red and it's also kind of brown.” Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said, “The closest thing to Mars—the stuff—is from volcanoes mostly.”
Mars Day offered Allison and Alycia's children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.
40．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Why Martians were considered threatening.
B．Why Mars has captured the world's imagination.
C．What people generally thought of Mars in the past.
D．How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fiction.
41．It is implied in Paragraph 3 that________.
A．today's space scientists still know nothing about
Mars
B．today's space scientists are very interested in
Mars
C．science fiction films are no longer set in Mars
D．space scientists haven't made any progress, in knowing Mars
42．Sam would probably agree that________.
A．Mars is not really red
B．no meteorites have come from Mars
C．Mars cannot be described as a little brown
D．the ancient description of Mars' color is true
C
(2013·广东高考改编)Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family，and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don't come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.
However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that,_in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising. To become great at certain things, it'll require even more time，time that most people won't put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge chance that you're wrong anyway.
Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
43．Paragraph 1 mainly talks about________.
A．the reasons for success
B．the meaning of success
C．the standards of success
D．the importance of success
44．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word that refers to________.
A．being good at something
B．setting a practical goal
C．putting in more time
D．succeeding in life
45．Successful people suggest doing what one loves because________.
A．work makes one feel pain
B．one tends to enjoy his work
C．one gives up his work easily
D．it takes a lot of time to succeed
46．What is the main theme of the passage?
A．Having a goal is vital to success.
B．Being good is different from being great.
C．One cannot succeed without time and practice.
D．Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.
D
I was in my third year of teaching creative writing at a high school in New York，when one of my students,15­year­old Mikey，gave me a note from his mother.It explained his absence from class the day before.
I had seen Mikey himself writing the note at his desk.Most parental­excuse notes I received were penned by my students.If I were to deal with them，I'd be busy 24 hours a day.
The forged excuse notes made a large pile，with writing that ranged from imaginative to crazy.The writers of these notes didn't realize that honest excuse notes were usually dull：“Peter was late because the alarm clock didn't go off.”
Isn't it remarkable，I thought，how the students complained and said it was hard putting 200 words together on any subjects？But when they produced excuse notes，they were brilliant.
So one day I typed out a dozen excuse notes and gave them to my classes. I said，“They're supposed to be written by parents but actually they are not.True.Mikey？”The students looked at me nervously.
“Now，this will be the first class to study the art of the excuse note—the first class，ever，to practice writing them.You're so lucky to have a teacher like me who has taken your best writing and turned it into a subject worthy of study.”
Everyone smiled as I went on.“You used your imaginations. So try more now.Today I'd like you to write ‘An Excuse Note from Adam to God’ or ‘An Excuse Note from Eve to God’．”Heads went down.Pens raced across paper.For the first time ever I saw students so careful in their writing that they had to be asked to go to lunch by their friends.
The next day everyone had e