2017届高考英语第一轮单元复习习题25.doc

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第一部分　必修四　Unit 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2015·石家庄一模)
In the US, the potato is one of the most widely consumed crops. French fries are commonly found in typical American fast­food burger joints and cafeterias. French fries were introduced to the US when Thomas Jefferson served them in the White House during his presidency from 1801 to 1809. Potato chips are popular with consumers as well.
The humble potato is more than just a kind of food. In many ways it's part of American pop culture. Let's take a look at some pop culture potatoes.
Mashed Potato dance
The Mashed Potato dance is a craze that began in 1962. The name of the dance came from the song it accompanies, Mashed Potato Time, performed by American R&B singer Dee Dee Sharp. The move vaguely resembles that of the Twist dance style, by Sharp's fellow, Philadelphian, Chubby Checker.
Hot Potato
Hot Potato is an action puzzle video game released in 2001. In the game the player must drive a bus and clear the road of alien potato beings. The potato beings are either red or blue; when two same­color potatoes touch each other, they disappear. Over the years, Hot Potato has received mostly positive reception from critics.
Mr. Potato Head
Mr. Potato Head is an American toy invented by George Lerner in 1949. The toy consists of a plastic potato model and a variety of plastic parts like hands, feet, ears and mouths. In 1952, Mr. Potato Head became the first toy advertised on television. This commercial revolutionized marketing and caused a boom that solidified this toy's place in American pop culture.
文章大意：在美国，土豆很畅销。本文主要介绍了三种关于土豆的流行文化。
1．Which is the newest to American pop culture?
A．French fries.
B．Mashed Potato dance.
C．Hot Potato.
D．Mr. Potato Head.
答案：C　细节理解题。根据这几个时间1962年、1949年和2001年可知，应选择C项。
2．What can we infer from the text?
A．French fries were popular in the US when first served in the White House.
B．Mashed Potato Time came from Mashed Potato dance.
C．Players can play Hot Potato on their phone.
D．Mr. Potato Head can be taken apart.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The toy consists of a plastic potato model and a variety of plastic parts like hands, feet, ears and mouths”可推知，Mr. Potato Head可以被拆分，因此应选择D。
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Enjoy American Fast Food
B．Have Fun with Potatoes
C．Different Uses of Potatoes
D．American Food Culture
答案：B　标题判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲了土豆不再只是食物，它有很深刻的文化韵味，产生了很多有趣的流行文化，因此应选择B。
B
(2015·重庆)
In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.Modern businesses have been following his lead，with more tactics (策略)．
One tactic involves where to display the goods.For example，stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section.They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food (垃圾食品) later in their trip.In department stores，the women's shoe section is generally next to the women's cosmetics (化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe，bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.
Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses.Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping，so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day.Music sells goods，too.Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played，sales of French wines went up.
When it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door，and turn it into a business opportunity.A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly.When entering the house，the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows，and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level.The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.
文章大意：本文在解释为什么要把水果放在商店里的最显眼的位置，目的是促进后面的商业交易。
4．Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?
A．To save customers' time.
B．To show they are high quality foods.
C．To help sell junk food.
D．To sell them at discount prices.
答案：C　推断判断题。根据第二段第三句话They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food later in their trip.可知，这样做为的是能够在稍后卖出那些垃圾食品，故选C项。
5．According to Paragraph 3，which of the following encourages customers to buy?
A．Opening the store early in the morning.
B．Displaying British wines next to French ones.
C．Inviting customers to play music.
D．Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping，so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day.可知烤面包的味道能促进购物，因此他们让面包味充满着整个商店，故选D项。
6．What is the California builder's story intended to prove?
A．The house structure is a key factor customers consider.
B．The more costly the house is，the better it sells.
C．An ocean view is much to the customers' taste.
D．A good first impression increases sales.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句话When entering the house，the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows，and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level.The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $ 10 million houses.当人们进入房间，看到窗外的太平洋和游泳池时，销售业绩会增长，故选D项。
7．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.
B．To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.
C．To report researches on customer behavior.
D．To show dishonest business practices.
答案：A　推理判断题。本文在解释为什么要把水果放在商店里的最显眼的位置，目的是促进后面的商业交易，故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2015·河南省八市重点高中教学质监测)
Relax during a job interview
Few people actually like job interviewing. It's nerve­wracking trying to show your “best ”self to a perfect stranger. __1__ That's not easy, but there are some ways to pull yourself together and feel more confident.
Prepare solid talking points. It's always best to over­prepare for possible questions by not only researching the company and the person interviewing you, but also by preparing answers and practicing those responses. Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples how you have demonstrated each one. __2__
Remember: It's a two­way street. This is conversation, not an interrogation(审问)．__3__ Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion, where you can—and should—ask questions as well as answer them, can help you feel more comfortable.
Just breathe. __4__ Your body will relax a lot. You want to avoid upper chest breathing, as it tends to just move your stress upward to your face.
__5__ If you go into an interview picking apart your outfit or imperfect responses, you're only hurting your chances of coming off as calm and collected. Turn off your negative self­talk and then create a different self­talk message, like，“I am here to share the best of my ability and that is all I can really do.”
Work it out. Putting in some gym time the morning of your interview can help you get rid of any nervous tension. Exercise helps calm your nervous system and tends to reduce the intensity of physical manifestations(表现形式)of stress such as restlessness.
A．Stop the negative thoughts.
B．Put your idea into practice.
C．When faced with an interviewer, you may be nervous.
D．Before you walk into your interview, take a few deep breaths.
E．You're trying to prove you're the one for the job and that you can handle stressful situations.
F．Don't forget that you're not the only one being interviewed—you're also interviewing the organization.
G．This will strengthen your answers and allow you to show how your experience is relevant to the job or organization for which you're interviewing.
文章大意：文章介绍在面试时如何摆脱紧张，让自己放松。
1．E　根据上句中的nerve­wracking并与E中的stressful前后对应等。故选E。
2．G　根据空前的Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples how you have demonstrated each one.和G的strengthen，show，experience，job，organization等可知选G。
3．F　根据空前的This is conversation, not an interrogation(审问)和空后 Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion和题干F后not the only one等判断选F。
4．D　根据空前的Just breathe.和空后的关键词relax和D中的take a few deep breaths可判断选D。
5．A　根据空后的Turn off your negative self­talk and then create a different self­talk message和A中的stop the negative thoughts判断选A。
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2015·海南省5月模拟)
Someone asks me what on the earth happiness means? I can't give you the exactly definition of it, but I'm sure if you love and help others, you'll get it.
I'll never forget an old lady. She lives a small house alone. It's said that her husband and her son were died in a traffic accident. How bitter her life is! But the old lady often helped others with a smile. Wherever it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of those. I often remember the stories she told about us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is lucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life full of laughter and love.
答案：
Someone asks me what on the earth happiness means? I can't give you the definition of it, but I'm sure if you love and help others, you'll get it.
I'll never forget an old lady. She lives a small house alone. It's said that her husband and her son were或 in a traffic accident. How bitter her life is! But the old lady often others with a smile. it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of . I often remember the stories she told about us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is ， but I think she is a happy person. Her life full of laughter and love.
1．命题立意：考查固定短语。
解析：去掉on the earth中的the　根据on earth究竟＝in the world。故on the earth去掉the。
2．命题立意：考查形容词。
解析：exactly→exact　根据definition是名词，需要形容词修饰。故exactly→exact。
3．命题立意：考查介词。
解析：lives后加in　根据lives是不及物动词，应加介词in。
4．命题立意：考查语态。
解析：were died 去掉were或者改成were killed　根据die是不及物动词，不能用被动语态，kill是及物动词，可用被动语态。故were died 去掉were或者改成were killed。
5．命题立意：考查时态。
解析：helped→helps　根据上下文的时态，应用一般现在时，主语是the old lady。故helped→helps。
6．命题立意：考查连词。
解析：Wherever→Whenever　根据从句的谓语动词snows判断应是“无论何时”，故Wherever→Whenever。
7．命题立意：考查代词。
解析：those→them　根据前文的children。故those→them。
8．命题立意：考查介词。
解析：去掉about　根据短语tell sb. a story给某人讲故事。故去掉about。
9．命题立意：考查形容词。
解析：lucky→unlucky　根据前文是不幸的。故lucky→unlucky。
10．命题立意：考查系动词。
解析：full前加is　根据full of laughter判断需要系动词。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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