2016届高考英语暑假阅读理解检测题3.doc

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阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
PLAYA GRANDE, COSTA RICA? This resort town was long known for Leatherback Sea Turtle (棱皮龟) national Park, nightly turtle beach tours and even a sea turtle museum. However, on a beach where dozens of turtles used to nest on a given night, scientists spied only 32 leatherbacks all of last year.
With leatherbacks threatened with extinction (灭绝), Playa Grande’s turtle museum was abandoned three years ago and now sits among a sea of weeds. And the beachside ticket office for turtle tours was washed away by a high tide in September. “We do not promote that as a turtle tourism destination any more because we realize there are far too few turtles to please,” said Alvaro Fonseca, a park ranger (管理员).
Even before scientists found temperatures going up over the past decade, sea turtles were threatened by beach development, drift net fishing and Costa Ricans interest in eating turtle eggs. But climate change may cause the most serious harm to an animal that has lived in the Pacific for 150 million years.
Sea turtles are sensitive to numerous effects of warming. They feed on reefs, which are dying in hotter seas. They lay eggs on beaches that are being covered by rising seas and more violent waves.
More uniquely their gender (性别) is determined, not by genes but by the egg’s temperature during development. Small rises in beach temperatures can result in ail-female populations, obviously problematic for survival. If the sand around the eggs hits 30 degrees Celsius, the gender balance shits to females: at about 32 degrees they are all female. Above 34, you get boiled eggs.
On some nesting beaches, scientists are artificially cooling nests with shade or irrigation and trying to protect broader areas of coastal property from development to ensure that turtles have a place to nest as the seas rise.
1. Why does the resort town stop promoting it’s turtle tourism?
A. It decides not to disturb the turtles’ normal life.
B. Tourists have lost interest in watching turtles.
C. There are only very few turtles now.
D. The turtle museum was destroyed by a high tide.
2. Which of the following is the major factor in the turtles endangerment?
A. The locals eating habit. 　　　　B. Drift net fishing.
C. Beach development.　　　　 D. Global warming.
3. We learn from the last paragraph that scientists　　　.
A. are doing research on the sea rise B. are moving turtles to new homes
C. are protecting turtles’ nests D. are getting rid of sea weeds
4. The passage intends to　　　.
A. introduce a special kind of sea turtle
B. explain the mystery of turtles’ eggs
C. show the dangers a certain kind of turtle is facing
D. attract more visitors to a sea turtle museum
【参考答案】1—4、CDCC 　　

【2013界广东深圳市第二次调研考试】
Since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.
Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.
So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere.
Smog especially is a common concern. Like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or vocation. People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else.
At a meeting on Monday, many Representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? It's for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life," he said.
China needs to develop its economy and invest(投资) in high-tech. Every Chinese wants a strong country. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.
What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. President Hu Jintao spoke at the 18th Party Congress last November saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central government's resolution to address the environment issue.
41．The effect of smog doesn’t include .
A．the rising of PM 2.5 readings B．more people suffering diseases
C．the increase of people’s income D．patients increased in hospital
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据The rising PM 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.烟雾引起PM的指数的增加，人们患病的人增多因而医院的病人增多，人们的收入的增加并不是由于烟雾的影响，故选C。
42．Why smog has become a common concern?
A．Because people have to pay higher prices.
B．Because nobody can avoid it.
C．Because we have to develop industry.
D．Because a popular online-post discussed it.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Smog especially is a common concern.及they breathe the same air as everyone else. 因为每一个都需呼吸有烟雾是任何人都避免不了的事情，故选B。
43．To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but .
A．we have to sacrifice air as the price B．the dirty air is not what we want
C．ecological progress can be ignored D．the smog is the only byproduct
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China.我们为了发展经济使中国变得更加强大，但是不能牺牲我们的空气的质量，故选B。
44．The underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refers to .
A．human beings B．other plants
C．space technologies D．industrial development
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.这里用代词代替前面出现的名词human beings，故选A。
45．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that .
A．high-tech can completely solve the problem of pollution
B．space technologies should be developed in a large scale
C．we can move to the Mars after the earth has been destroyed
D．we must protect the environment while developing economy
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据The words have shown the central government's resolution to address the environment issue. 当发展经济的时候我们要保护环境，故选D。

Passage Twenty- nine (Men Are Carrying on a Sex-fight)
This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldn’t think of if you could heat what the average man thinks of the average woman/ Women won their independence years ago. After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field. The hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over. It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile. Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens. To hear some men talk, you’d think that women belonged to a different species!
On the surface, the comments made by men about women’s abilities seem light-hearted. The same tired jokes about women drivers are repeated day in, day out. This apparent light-heartedness dose not conceal the real contempt that men feel for women. However much men sneer at women, their claims to superiority are not borne out by statistics. Let’s consider the matter of driving, for instance. We all know that women cause far fewer accidents than men. They are too conscientious and responsible to drive like maniacs. But this is a minor quibble. Women have succeeded in any job you care to name. As politicians, soldiers, doctors, factory-hands, university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus-conductors, scientists and presidents of countries they have often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.
Yet men go on maintaining the fiction that there are many jobs women can’t don Top-level political negotiation between countries, business and banking are almost entirely controlled by men, who jealously guard their so-called ‘rights’. Even in otherwise enlightened places like Switzerland women haven’t even been given the cote. This situation is preposterous! The arguments that men put forward to exclude women from these fields are all too familiar. Women, they say, are unreliable and irrational. They depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions. They are not even capable of thinking clearly. Yet when women prove their abilities, men refuse to acknowledge them and give them their due. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly!
The truth is that men cling to their supremacy because of their basic inferiority complex. They shun real competition. They know in their hearts that women are superior and they are afraid of being beaten at their own game. One of the most important tasks in the world is to achieve peace between the nations. You can be sure that if women were allowed to sit round the conference table, they would succeed brilliantly, as they always do, there men have failed for centuries. Some things are too important to be left to men!

1.      What does the first sentence imply?
[A]. It is not really an enlightened age.         . It is different from an enlightened age.
[C]. It is the same as an enlightened age.        [C]. It is like an enlightened age.
2.      Why do men carry on the sex war against women?
[A]. Because of their inferiority.              . Because they shun real competition.
[C]. Because of their claim to supremacy.    [D]. Because they still look down upon women.
3.      The “fiction” is closest in meaning to
[A]. Novel.            . Man-made idea.      [C]. False idea.      [D]. Story.
4.      What is the main argument men have raised against women?
[A]. Women are lack of cold reasoning.           . They depend on intuition too much.
[C]. They are unreliable and irrational.       [C]. They are too still look down upon women.

Vocabulary
1.      conscientious                      认真的，真心实意的
2.      maniac                           疯狂的，疯子
3.      preposterous                       反常的，荒谬的
4.      quibble                           狡辩，摸棱两可

难句译注
1. the inferiority complex        自卑情绪，指一种由自悲感引起的复杂心理状态，对应词是the superiority complex 自高情绪
2. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly!    这是对男人想清楚能力的讽刺，译文应根据上下文而定。上文说到“妇女甚至难以想得清楚。可是当妇女证明她们有此能力时，男人拒不承认。”
   [参考译文] 男人想清楚的能力可真大啊。
3.  But this is a minor quibble.
   [参考译文] 这是一个小小的狡辩。
4. They have often put men to shame.
[参考译文] 她们经常使男人无地自容。

写作方法与文章大意
   文章论及“男人轻视妇女”的问题。采用对比因果的手法写作。先提出妇女经过艰苦卓绝的斗争，赢得了独立的胜利，得到了承认，可是斗争远没结束。因为男子继续在进行性别斗争。下面就从男女双方对比，也可以说，男方轻视妇女及其理由，女方据理反驳。最后作者指出男人轻视妇女的根本原因是他们的自卑情绪。

答案祥解
1.      A. 这确实不是一个启蒙时代。（1）这是第一句话语气和言词传递出来的内容。“这个时代应该是一个启蒙时期，可是假如你听到男人怎么说女人的，你就不会这么认为。”（2）正篇文章也传递了这个信息。
B. 不同于启蒙时期。    C. 这时代跟启蒙时代一样。   D. 这时代象个启蒙时期。 这三项都不对。
2.      C. 他们对至高无上权威的追求。答案在最后一段“事实是由于男人们基本的自卑情绪，他们追求至高无上的权威。他们躲避真正的竞争。他们心里明白妇女比他们优秀，因此他们害怕在他们自己的‘游戏’中失利。”
A. 因为他们自卑。   B. 因为他们躲避真正的竞争。   D. 因为他们仍然轻视妇女。
3.      C. 错误观点。Fiction本意为“虚构”，此处上下文决定此义：“可是男人们继续坚持这种错误的观点：有许多工作妇女干不了，两国高级政治谈判，商业和银行几乎全部为男人们所控制，他们忌妒地保卫着他们所谓的权利。”
A. 小说。   D. 故事。 这是fiction两种基本含义，这里不对。    B. 人为思想。文中没有这种意义。
4.      C. 他们不可信，不理智。答案见第三段“他们把妇女排除这些领域之外，所提出的论点是（众所周知）老调重弹。他们说妇女不可信，不理智。在做决定时，太依赖于直觉和本能。冷静得推理太少。”
A. 他们缺少冷静的推理。     B. 他们太依赖于直觉，这两项只是本段中用以解释“不可信，不理智的。”        D. 他们太认真。这是在第二段总提到的内容“我们都知道妇女引起的交通事故比男人少得多，她们非常认真负责不会像发疯似的开车。”

希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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