2022年北京平谷县马昌营中学高三英语期末试卷含解析.docx

2022年北京平谷县马昌营中学高三英语期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. I ____________ you not to move my dictionary—now I can’t find it.
A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked
参考答案：
A
2. They haven't made          known where they are to hold the conference.  
A. this              B. that              C. it              D. one
参考答案：
C
略
26. - What are  you doing this Saturday?
- Im not sure. but I    go to  the Rolling Stones concert
A. must    B. would    C. should   D. might
参考答案：
D
4. — Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?
— I have seldom had any chance to come back to the hometown _______ I was sent to Beijing _______ the project.
A. as; in preparation for                      B. since; in charge of
C. before; in search of                        D. when; in exchange for
参考答案：
B
5.        allow drugs to become uncontrolled in our district.
A. By no means     B. By all means    C. By means of    D. By any means
参考答案：
A
6. Children of divorced parents ______ have difficulty in forming stable relationships
themselves.
   A. will            B. should       C. may          D. could
参考答案：
C
略
7. 38．Snowfall has been light in Beijing this winter, but that has not stopped its citizens from       fun on ice and snow．
         A．to have             B．having             C．had             D, being had
参考答案：
B
略
8. It was __________ computer games that cost the young man a lot of precious time that he ought __________ on his lessons．
A. to play, to be spending                                 B. playing, to spend       
C. played, to have spent                                   D. playing, to have spent
参考答案：
D
9. ----Jack, would you mind driving me to work tomorrow morning?
----      . My car is still being repaired in the garage.
A. No problem          B. Not at all                         C. Yes, I would       D. Forget it
参考答案：
D
10. Polar bears live       on sea ice，which they use as a platform for hunting seals
A. most                B. almost           C. nearly               D. mostly
参考答案：
D
解析：考查副词。mostly意为大部分的时候，相当于in most cases。
5. As far as I know, it is about ten years _____ he began to write songs in his spare time.
A. when            B. before              C. now that               D. since
参考答案：
D
略
12. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that's _______ it takes to do anything successfully．（　　）
A．how B．which C．where D．what
参考答案：
D
本题是个并列句，that替代上面的内容，品质，根据 That's可知后面整句是表语从句，而表语从句it takes to do anything successfully句子不完整，缺take的宾语，故选D．
13. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to get them ________ in his lectures.
A. interesting      B. interested      C. being interested      D. to interest
参考答案：
B
略
14. They might have had second thoughts, but they _______ what was coming next.
A. don’t know       B. hadn’t known       C. didn’t know       D. haven’t known
参考答案：
C
15.  —Why was Mr Liu thundering in the classroom yesterday?
   — A student’s interrupting his speech _____the burst of his anger.
    A. set up                        B. set off
    C. set about                      D. set out
参考答案：
B
16. At the conference, Chairman Hu referred to a great many topics, education_____
A. in detail     B. in charge         C. in particular     D. in order
参考答案：
C
略
17. As time went by, the plan they stuck          fairly practical.
A. to be proved     B. to proving        C. proved     D. to proved
参考答案：
D
18. Men must consider eating, drinking, clothing and finding shelter _____ they can pursue entertainment and recreation.
A. until    B. unless
C. before    D. because
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查状语从句。A. until直到------为止；B. unless除非；C. before在------之前；D. because因为。句意：男人在追求娱乐和消遣之前，必须考虑吃、喝、穿、住。结合句意可知此处是before引导的时间状语从句，故答案为C。
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
     增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
     删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
At the beginning of the year 2018, most part of China, including Kunming and Shaoguan, experience the heaviest snow in winter. This unexpected heavy snow made us unprepared and led many problems. The snow blocked city traffic and caused power cuts, make vehicles in streets run slowly and many traffic accidents happen. Besides, some highways were been closed and a lot of flights was canceled or delayed. Therefore, this surprising snow also brought much joy to people. He went out happily and took a good many pictures of the beautiful moments. Children were throwing snowballs or snowmen were seen everywhere.1 will always remember this magically snow.
参考答案：
At the beginning of the year 2018, most part of China, including Kunming and Shaoguan,
                                parts                                 
experience the heaviest snow in winter. This unexpected heavy snow made us unprepared and
experienced
led∧ many problems. The snow blocked city traffic and caused power cuts, make vehicles in
  to                                                              making         
streets run slowly and many traffic accidents happen. Besides, some highways were been closed
                                                                   been
and a lot of flights was canceled or delayed. Therefore, this surprising snow also brought much joy
were                   However  
to people. He went out happily and took a good many pictures of the beautiful moments. Children
        They
were throwing snowballs or snowmen were seen everywhere.I will always remember this magically
                        and                                            magical
snow.
1.根据most可知后面名词用复数形式，故把part---parts。
2.根据At the beginning of the year 2018,可知句子用一般过去时态，故把experience--- experienced。
3.句意：这场突如其来的大雪使我们毫无准备，并引起许多问题。固定词组：lead to导致，引起，故在led后加to。
4.句意：大雪阻断了城市交通，导致停电，街道上车辆行驶缓慢，许多交通事故发生。此处是现在分词做自然的结果状语。故把make---making。
5.句意：一些高速公路关闭。根据句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，所以把some highways were been closed中的been去掉。
6.句意：许多航班被取消或拖延。a lot of flights是句子主语，复数形式，故把was---were。
7.句意：这一令人惊讶的雪也给人们带来了很多欢乐。与上文相比可知此处是转折关系，故把Therefore---However。
8.根据上句的people可知把He---They。
9.句意：孩子们在扔雪球，到处都能看到雪人。此处表示并列，故把or---and。
10.形容词修饰名词，故把magically--- magical。
20. 短文改错（共10小题, 每小题1分， 满分10分）
My car just wouldn’t move any further. It was complete         76．________
dead, and I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold,     77．_______
wet night. I decided walk around a little before accepting I’d       78．________
have to spend the night in the car. Maybe I can find a              79．________   
telephone. Actually, I didn’t have to walk far before I             80．________
found a small house standing on a field with a light                81．________
shone from the sitting room. I knocked at the door and              82．________
was delighting when a pleasant old man opened the              83．________
door but listened to my story carefully. He said he had             84．________
no telephone, and it wasn’t one within walking distance,           85．________
but offered to come and look at my car. 

参考答案：

三、 阅读理解
21. There’re plenty of things going on in Amsterdam, the Netherlands for both the visitors and the residents. Check out our guide to Amsterdam museum exhibitions below.
◆Hermitage Amsterdam
Exhibition 1917--From Romanov to Revolution was opened 11 Feb. and runs until 17 Sept. 2017. The outsider Art Museum (in the Hermitage Amsterdam) includes world-class art works by Dutch and international outsider artists such as Shinichi Sawada.
◆Stedelijk
Jean Tinguely--Machine Spectacle, overview of work from the Swiss artist known for his kinetic art(动态艺术). Runs 1 Oct. 2016 to 5 Mar. 2017. Jordan Wolfson--Truth/Love, presentation of work from the American artist who explores the increasing digitalisation of society. Runs 4 Mar. to 7 May 2017. Ed van der Elsken--Camera in Love, large public exhibition of the work of the most important Dutch photographer of the 20th century. Scheduled for 4 Feb. to 28 May 2017.
◆National Holocaust Museum
The newly opened museum presents Tangible Memories from the Jewish monument, exhibition of objects, photos and documents of people affected by the Holocaust(大屠杀). Opened 2 Sept. 2016, ongoing until the end of 2019.
◆Dutch Resistance Museum
Between 1940 and 1945 the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany. Five Dutch chefs have taken on the challenge of creating dishes using only ingredients that were available during the occupation. Food in Wartime offers a particular insight into daily life during this time. Learn more and have a look at the modern chefs’ creations at the Dutch Resistance Museum from 15 October 2016 until May 2017.
1. Whose works are about digital technology?
A. Shinichi Sawada    B. Jean Tinguely
C. Jordan Wolfson    D. Ed van der Elsken
2. Which exhibition lasts the longest?
A. Exhibition 1917    B. Camera in Love
C. Tangible Memories    D. Food in Wartime
3. Where can you see modern chefs’ creation?
A. Hermitage Amsterdam    B. Stedelijk
C. National Holocaust Museum    D. Dutch Resistance Museum
参考答案：
1. C    2. C    3. D
本文介绍Amsterdam的四个博物馆的展览情况。
1. C
细节理解题。根据第三段中Jordan Wolfson--Truth/Love, presentation of work from the American artist who explores the increasing digitalisation of society.可知，Jordan Wolfson的作品是关于数字技术。故选C。
2. C
推理判断题。纵观全文，根据各个展览的起止日期，特别是National Holocaust Museum中

3. D
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Learn more and have a look at the modern chefs’ creations at the Dutch Resistance Museum from 15 October 2016 until May 2017.可知，现代主厨创造在Dutch Resistance Museum故选D。
22. By analyzing the fossilized teeth of some of our most ancient ancestors, a team of scientists led by the universities of Bristol (UK) and Lyon (France) have discovered that the first humans significantly breastfed their infants (婴儿) for longer periods than their contemporary s.
The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning （断奶）that remain otherwise unseen in the fossil record.
The team sampled minute amounts from nearly 40 fossilized teeth of our South African fossil s, early Homo, Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus. They measured the proportions of their stable calcium isotopes （同位素）in the tooth enamel（牙釉质）, which are a function of the mother milk intake by infants. They show that early Homo offspring（后代） was breastfed in significant proportions until the age of around three to four years, which likely played a role in the apparition of traits that are specific to human lineage（血统）, such as the brain development.
In contrast, infants of Paranthropus robustus, that became extinct around one million years ago and were a more robust species in terms of dental anatomy, as well as infants of Australopithecus africanus, stopped drinking sizeable proportions of mother milk in the course of the first months of life.
These differences in nursing behaviors likely come with major changes in the social structures of groups as well as the time between the birth of one child and the birth of the next.
One of the study's lead authors, Dr Theo Tacail said: "The practice of weaning -- the duration of breastfeeding, age at non-milk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling -- differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos.
The development of such behavioral differences likely played major roles in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development.
However, getting insights into these behavioral changes from fossils that are millions of years old is a challenge and, so far, little evidence allow discussing nursing practices in these fossil species.
The findings stress the need for further exploration of calcium stables isotopes compositions in the fossil record in order to understand the co-evolution of weaning practices with other traits such as brain size or social behaviors."
s/

38. What do we know the findings of the team?
A. It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.
B. It has disclosed the link between the weaning practice and other traits.
C. It is evident that nursing practice is associated with behavioral changes.
D. It’s contemporary humans that spend more time breastfeeding their infants.
39. What does the underlined phrase “such behavioral differences” in Paragraph 7 most probably refer to?
A. Differences in the calcium isotope in the teeth.
B. Differences in the social structure of groups.
C. Differences in the practice of weaning.
D. Differences in the change of behaviors.
40. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The evolution of human lineage
B. The possible influence of nursing behaviors.
C. The exploration of compositions in the fossil.
D. The function of mother milk at the age of infants.
参考答案：
38. A    39. C    40. B
这是一篇说明文。通过对祖先牙齿化石的研究，科学家们发现第一批用母乳喂养婴儿的人类比同时代的其他的近亲在时间上要长很多，而这种育幼差异可能在人类进化中扮演了重要角色 ，比如大脑发育和社会群体方面。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning 可知这项研究结果发表在《科学进展》杂志上，为断奶行为提供了第一手资料，而这在化石记录中是看不到的。A. It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.（它率先专注于断奶行为）符合以上说法，故选A项。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第六段的The practice of weaning -- the duration of breastfeeding, age at non-milk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling -- differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos.可知现代人和古代人的断奶行为不同，而且人类和猩猩以及猿猴在断奶的时间上是不同的，即不同时代/不同物种的断奶行为是有差异的，而画线部分的such 就是指上文提到的内容。C. Differences in the practice of weaning.（断奶实践的差异）符合以上说法，故选C项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第七段的The development of such behavioral differences … in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development.可知，这种行为差异的发展可能在人类血统成员的进化中扮演了重要角色，例如与社会群体的大小和结构，大脑的发展有关。所以短文主要是关于育幼行为可能带来的影响。故B. The possible influence of nursing behaviors.（育幼行为可能带来的影响）符合以上说法，故选B项。