上海市南汇区下沙中学高三英语期末试卷含解析.docx

上海市南汇区下沙中学高三英语期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. －I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
  －       ! I’m sure you’ll make it.
A. Go ahead      B. Cheer up      C. No problem    D. Good luck
参考答案：
B
2. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _____ water and electricity than _________ models.
       A．less; older                                    B．less; elder
       C．fewer, older                                 D．fewer; elder
参考答案：
解析：
A.该题考查形容词比较级，water 和electricity都是不可数名词,其比较级为less；修饰克数名词的比较级用fewer;”旧的,以前的”应用older,指人用elder.意为“年长的”。
3. The officials of the National Ministry of Information Industry advise people to limit the personal information  they make      about themselves online．
A． available                              B．affordable                   C． acceptable               D． valuable
参考答案：
A
4. ——Why do you hang that photograph above the fireplace?
——      visitors of the memorial days of long March, Sir.
A、Reminding B、To remind C、Reminded D、Reminds
参考答案：
B

5. There are two rooms in the apartment, ________ serves as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of them  B. the smallest of which 
C. the smaller of which  D. smallest of which
参考答案：
C
6.  John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it.
     A. finished            B. finishing               C. having finished             D. was finished
参考答案：
A
解析：考查非谓语动词。在with +O.+O.C.的复合结构中，finish 与work 形成逻辑上的动宾关系，故选择A项，过去分词表示被动、完成的含义。
7. Stop playing that stupid game, Tom. You ______ too much of your study time.
  A. are wasting           B. waste                       C. shall waste               D. wasted
参考答案：
A  

8. Jenny, the new comer, has earned not only the trust of her classmates but also ______ of her teachers.
A. one  B. ones  C. that  D. those
参考答案：
C
9. Look! If we had begun to do the work yesterday morning, we _____ ourselves just like them．
A. would have enjoyed B. were to enjoy     C. should enjoy D. would be enjoying
参考答案：
D
略
10. He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the       B. 不填; a        C. the; a           D. a; 不填
参考答案：
C
11. Students shouldn't be given so difficult a problem         they can not work out.  
A. that    B. which     C. while    D. as
参考答案：
D
12. The professor was ________ to give us a lecture this afternoon, but it has been cancelled because of the delayed flight.
  A. demanded   B. hoped C. scheduled D. arranged
参考答案：
C
略
13. Looking back on the three - year life in the mountain village, Thomas          it as a milestone in his personal development．
A．values   B．confirms  C．declares D．assumes  
参考答案：
A
14. --- How do you like the main character in the book?
--- Well, I think, it was his perseverance and love       won him many friends and success．
A．which                                    B．what                        C．where                   D．that
参考答案：
D
15. The school, more than 90 percent of whose graduates are usually admitted into key universities, enjoys an excellent _______.
A.occupation  B. reputation    C. contribution      D. foundation
参考答案：
B
16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ______ as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat          B. seating         C. seated        D. to be seating
参考答案：
C
17. --- I wonder ________ Mary has changed so much.
--- She has been suffering a serious disease.
A. why    B. what  C. when     D. where
参考答案：
A               

试题分析：考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道为什么玛丽变化这么大。她经历了一场严重的疾病，根据句意可知选A项。          
18. An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making ______ the driest year since California  became a state in 1850.
A. each                  B. it                 C. this                 D. one
参考答案：
B
二、 短文改错
19. What does our future depend on? It is determined by many things, such as the opportunities and help, but our determination and hard work can play a much important role. In another words, we are the masters of our future. Taking Abraham Lincoln for example, He born in a poor family, but only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through his efforts, he not only changed his fate but also the history of American. Even these days, Lincoln is still regarded as one of the most inspiring figure in the world. Therefore, I firm believe that our future is on our own hands.
参考答案：
What does our future depend on? It is determined by many things, such as the
                                                            去掉
opportunities and help, but our determination and hard work can play a much important role.
                                                           more
In another words, we are the masters of our future. Taking Abraham Lincoln for example,
    other                                    take
He ∧ born in a poor family, but only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through
   was                 and
his efforts, he not only changed his fate but also the history of American. Even these days,
                                                   America
Lincoln is still regarded as one of the most inspiring figure in the world. Therefore, I firm
                                         figures                    firmly
believe that our future is on our own hands.
                     in
第一处：opportunities意为“机会”，可数名词复数表类别。其前用零冠词。
第二处：我们未来怎么样，我们的意志力和努力起着更大的作用。前后句存在比较含义。
第三处：in other words意为“换句话说”，为一个固定短语。
第四处：take …for example意为“以……为例”，为一个固定短语。
第五处：be born in…意为“出生于……”，是一个固定短语。
第六处：出生于贫穷家庭，童年仅接受一点点教育。前后句是逻辑的并列关系。
第七处：America意为“美国”。这里是说美国历史。
第八处：one of +可数名词复数
第九处：用副词修饰动词believe。
第十处：in one’s own hands意为“在某人手中”。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My English teacher recommended me to take a part in an English speech competition the other day. But I doubt I have the ability to win. As is known to all my classmates that I can speak English as if I am a native speaker. However, I dare not express myself, especial in public. My best friend Lily has been encouraging me to accept the challenge. On her opinion, whether I can win the competition or not don’t matter as long as I try my best. Encouraged by her, I have decided to have a try, challenged myself. I must conquer my shy. Wish her good luck.
参考答案：
My English teacher recommended me to take a part in an English speech competition the
                                         去掉
other day. But I doubt ∧I have the ability to win. As is known to all my classmates that I can speak
                  whether/if              It
English as if I am a native speaker. However, I dare not express myself, especial in public. My best
           were                                         especially
friend Lily has been encouraging me to accept the challenge. On her opinion, whether I can win the
                                                  In
competition or not don’t matter as long as I try my best. Encouraged by her, I have decided to have
                doesn’t
a try, challenged myself. I must conquer my shy. Wish her good luck.
challenging                      shyness      me/myself 
三、 阅读理解
21. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The way we do things round here
Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, “Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us. ”That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we’ re kind of pleased you decided to join　us although I wish we had hired someone else.” Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”, while in British English it means “fairly”.
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don' t
just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．
Some of these differences may be only on the surface—dress, food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（气候），while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（准时）．If you invite people to a party at 7 o’ clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the
American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
57. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______．
    A. the American bank didn’ t think much of him
    B. the American bank might hire another person
    C. it’ s difficult to get used to American culture
    D. it’ s easy to misunderstand Americans
58．The word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.
    A. encourages                  B. helps to narrow
    C. increases                    D. draws  attention to
59. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?
    A. Ask the native people for help.
    B. Understand and accept them.
    C. Do things in our own way.
    D. Do in-depth research.
60. When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______.
    A. Italians 　　　B. Germans　　　 C. Greeks 　　　D. the British
参考答案：
57. A　细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句话That “quite”saddened me.和第四句话I thought he was saying “we’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”可知是A。结合下面的解释American English “quite” 的意思，可知B“这家银行打算雇佣另外一个人”错误。C“难以习惯美国文化”和D“容易误解美国人”与事实不符。
58. D　词义猜测题。从第二段的最后一句话画线部分前面的The way people do things和后面的many of the differences we see between cultures可知这里的highlights是“吸引注意力”的意思。A鼓励，B帮助缩小，C增加，与语境不符。
59. B　细节理解题。从第三段的第二句话Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them可知是B。
60. B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第四句话your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany以及后面给出的各个国家的例子，可知是德国人最守时。
略
22. Why don’t so many Americans accept the theory of evolution? A 2001 Gallup Poll found that 45 percent of Americans agree with the statement “God created the human being pretty much in their present form at one time within the last 10,000 years or so ”, while 37 percent preferred a mixed belief that “Human beings have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God guided this process”, and only 12percent accepted the standard scientific theory that “Human being have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God had no part in this process”.
There are at least four reasons to make people resistant to accepting evolution.
1. The warfare model of science and religion. The belief that there is a war between science and religion where one is right and the other is wrong, and that one must choose one over the other.
2. The belief that evolution is a threat to specific religious tenets(信条). Many people attempt to use science to prove certain religious tenets, but when they do not appear to fit, the science is rejected.
3. Misunderstanding of evolutionary theory. A significant problem is that most people know so little about the theory. In the 2001 Gallup Poll, for example, a quarter of the people surveyed said they didn’t know enough to say whether they accepted evolution or not, and only 34 percent considered themselves to be “very informed ” about the theory.
4. The fear that evolution degrades our humanity. Darwin revealed us to be “mere animals”, subject to the same natural laws and historical forces as all other animals.
Believers should embrace science, especially evolutionary theory, for what it has done to uncover the magnificence of the divinity(神学) in a depth never dreamed by our ancient ancestors. We have learned a lot in 4,000 years, and that knowledge should never be denied. Instead, science should be welcomed by all who cherish human understanding and wisdom.
26．According to the Poll, most people in America believe_____________.
A. human beings have developed from less advanced forms of life
B. God contributed to the present form of human beings
C. God created human beings in the present form
D. God guided the process of human beings’ development
27．Which of the following is NOT the reason why people don’t accept evolution?
A. There is always a war between evolution and religion.
B. Some religious tenets can’t be proved by science.
C. Many people don’t know enough about evolution.
D. They fear that we will become “mere animals”.
28．What can we learn form the passage about evolutionary theory?
A. Whether evolutionary theory is science is a question.
B. It has explained the brilliance of the divinity better than before.
C. It must make religion disappear and they can’t exist at the same time.
D. Darwin made little contribution to the theory.
29．What is the writer’s view on the evolutionary theory?
A. It is not science and should be resisted.
B. It is science but should be resisted.
C. It is not science but should be accepted.
D. It is science and should be accepted.
30．The author wrote the passage to_________________.
A. tell the readers that many Americans refuse evolution theory.
B. tell the readers why so many Americans refuse evolution theory.
C. advise the readers to value science, including evolution theory.
D. tell the difference between science and religion.

参考答案：
26．B   27．D   28．B   29．D   30．C
试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。论述了为什么那么多美国人不接受进化论的原因，最后告诉人们要相信科学，相信进化论。
26．B 考查细节理解。根据民意测评，美国的大部分人相信什么。“A 2001 Gallup Poll found that 45 percent of Americans agree with the statement “God created the human being pretty much in their present form at one time within the last 10,000 years or so”
27．D 考查细节理解。以下不是人们为什么不接受进化的原因的是。“The fear that evolution degrades our humanity”是进化会降低人类等级的担心，而不是变成纯粹的动物的担心。
28．B 考查推理判断。关于进化论我们能从文中了解到什么？“Believers should embrace science, especially evolutionary theory, for what it has done to uncover the magnificence of the divinity(神学) in a depth never dreamed by our ancient ancestors. ”人们应该信仰科学，特别是进化论，因为进化论中更深层地发现了神学的重要性，这是我们的先人想都没想到过的。
29．D 考查推理判断。Believers should embrace science, especially evolutionary theory, .......Instead, science should be welcomed by all who cherish human understanding and wis