8B-Unit1-知识点归纳(课堂PPT).ppt

1.past 名词过去名词过去2.In the past 在过去在过去3.There was a cinema in this area in the past.4.过去这儿有一个电影院。过去这儿有一个电影院。5.In the past two years在过去的两年中（用于完成在过去的两年中（用于完成时）时）6.Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past two years.7.过去的两年中我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。过去的两年中我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。8.介词介词 经过经过9.walk past a school=pass a school经过一个学校。经过一个学校。12.present n.现在，目前现在，目前 at present=at the moment=nowThe students are having a meeting at the moment.礼物礼物=giftbuy him a present=buy a present for him3.just adv.刚才，刚刚刚才，刚刚（与现在完成时连用）（与现在完成时连用）I have just seen her.仅仅仅仅 There is just a little milk in the fridge.just now（刚才）（与一般过去时连用）（刚才）（与一般过去时连用）I saw her just now.24.used to(用于过去持续或经常发生的事用于过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经曾经 I used to swim in this river.=I often swam in this river in the past.我过去经常在这条河里游泳。我过去经常在这条河里游泳。There used to be a cinema in front of my house.=There was a cinema in front of my house in the past.过去我家前面有一家电影院。过去我家前面有一家电影院。3 I usednt to swim in this river./I didnt use to swim in this river.否定句否定句 疑问式疑问式Did sb use to do sth?或或Used sb to do sth?Did she use to swim in the river?=Used she to swim in the river?根据要求进行句型转换：根据要求进行句型转换：She used to teach history.否定式：否定式：She used teach history.或或She didnt teach history.疑问式：疑问式：she teach history?或或Did she teach history?4be used to do sthbe used for doing sth被用于做被用于做某事，某事，Stamps are used to send letters.Stamps are used for sending letters.这把刀被用来切苹果。这把刀被用来切苹果。The knife is used to cut apples.The knife is used for cutting apples.be/become/get used to sth习惯于某事，习惯于某事，be/become/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事习惯于做某事 Tom is used to getting up early.Tom习惯于早起。习惯于早起。5The old man isnt used to the city life.这个老人不习惯城市生活。这个老人不习惯城市生活。He used to get up late,so he isnt used to getting up early.他过去经常起的晚，所以他不习惯早起他过去经常起的晚，所以他不习惯早起The life we were used to has changed a lot.我们过去习惯了的生活已经改变了许多。我们过去习惯了的生活已经改变了许多。65.since 自自以来以来 Ive lived here since I was born.（since+一般过一般过去时的句子）去时的句子）自从我出生，我就住在这里。自从我出生，我就住在这里。Great changes have taken place in our hometown since then.（since+过去一个时间点过去一个时间点）自从那时起，我们家乡发生很大变化。自从那时起，我们家乡发生很大变化。They have known each other since ten years ago.(since+一段时间一段时间+ago)They haven known each other for ten years.(for+一段时间一段时间)他们相互认识十年了。他们相互认识十年了。=It is ten years since we began to know each other.7since 由于，既然由于，既然I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.我我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.6.ever 曾经通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。曾经通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。Have you ever seen her?你曾经见过他吗你曾经见过他吗？This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我曾经看过的最有趣的一本书。这是我曾经看过的最有趣的一本书。87.northern adj.北方的，北部的北方的，北部的 in the north of=in the northern part ofHe lives in the north of this city.=He lives in the northern part of this city.他住在这个城市的北部。他住在这个城市的北部。south-southern east-eastern west-westernBeijing is a northern city of China.8.marry v.结婚结婚 (have a wife or a husband)marry sb.She married a football player.marry sb to sb把某人嫁给某人把某人嫁给某人，e.g.He married his daughter to an actor.9 get/be married to sb和某人结婚和某人结婚 Yao Ming got married to Ye Li in 2007.表示表示“已经结婚已经结婚”用用have/has got married/has/have marriedThey have got married.表示表示“已经结婚多久已经结婚多久”用用have/has been married for时间段或时间段或since时间点。时间点。They have been married for 5 years.=They have been married since five years ago.不能说成不能说成They have got married for 5 years.也不能说也不能说They have married for five years.因为因为get 和和marry 为短暂性动词。为短暂性动词。10用法拓展用法拓展marriage n.婚姻婚姻 They will celebrate their fifty years of marriage next month.9.wife(pl.wives)n.妻子妻子the fishermens wives 渔渔民们的妻子们民们的妻子们10.block n.街区街区 My home is two blocks away from your home.11.over prep.在在期间期间 Has the area changed a lot over the years?这些这些年这个地区变化很大吗？年这个地区变化很大吗？He has learned about two thousand English words over/in/during the past three years.在过去的三年里，他学了大约两千个英语单词。在过去的三年里，他学了大约两千个英语单词。11Class is over.下课了。下课了。It took me over/more than two hours to read the story.我花了两个多小时读这个故事。我花了两个多小时读这个故事。He can jump over the chair.他能跳过这椅子。他能跳过这椅子。There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。河上有座桥。all over the world 全世界全世界12.turninto changeinto 把把变成变成 turn water into ice 把水变成冰把水变成冰The government has turned the place into a beautiful park.政府已把这个地方变成了一个漂亮的公园。政府已把这个地方变成了一个漂亮的公园。13.pollution 污染污染;污染物污染物(不可数）不可数）water pollution水污染水污染air pollution空气污染，空气污染，noise pollution噪音污染噪音污染 12 There is less air pollution in the countryside than in the city.乡下的空气污染比城里少。乡下的空气污染比城里少。pollute v.pollute the environment 污染环境污染环境We must make laws to prevent people from polluting the air.我们必须制定法律阻止人们污染空气。我们必须制定法律阻止人们污染空气。14.factory a place where things are made by machines 工厂工厂（factories)a steel/car factory 一家钢铁一家钢铁/汽车厂汽车厂 two shoe factories 两家鞋厂两家鞋厂1315.waste 废料；废品浪费废料；废品浪费 put the waste into the river 把废料排到河里把废料排到河里used to dump its waste into water 过去常把废料倒进过去常把废料倒进河里河里 The meeting was a waste of time.v.浪费浪费Dont waste time.不要浪费时间。不要浪费时间。16.realize=realise （know or understand something that you did not know before）意识到，意识到，实现实现 He realized that he was wrong.他意识到他错了。他意识到他错了。Im sure she will realize her mistake.我相信她会意识我相信她会意识到她的错误。到她的错误。14 At last he realized his dream of becoming an actor.他最终实现了当演员的梦想。他最终实现了当演员的梦想。17.improve （make something better）改进，改改进，改善善 improve my English 提高我的英语提高我的英语improve my life 改善我的生活改善我的生活With his help,my English has improved a lot.在他在他的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的改进。的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的改进。18.situation 形势，情况形势，情况 improve the situation改善这情况，改善这局面改善这情况，改善这局面the present situation现状现状,目前形势目前形势1519.in some ways 在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某些方面在某些方面In some ways you are right.在某些方面你是对的。在某些方面你是对的。in different many ways用不同的的用不同的的很多方法很多方法People offered help to people in the poor areas in many ways.人们以许多方式帮助贫困地区的人们。人们以许多方式帮助贫困地区的人们。on ones way home在在-回家的路上回家的路上on ones way to school 在在-去学校的路上去学校的路上by the way 顺便问一下顺便问一下the way of doing sth 做做-的方式的方式 in the way 妨碍妨碍1620.however adv.然而然而 My room is small，however,its comfortable.我的我的房间很小，但却很舒服。房间很小，但却很舒服。however不能像不能像 but(但是但是)那样直接连接两个句子那样直接连接两个句子(注意注意正句中的正句中的标点符号标点符号)。We all tried our best,but we lost the game.我们都尽我们都尽力了，但是我们还是输掉了比赛。力了，但是我们还是输掉了比赛。21.impossible adj.不可能不可能 possible 可能的可能的It is impossible/possible for sb.to do sth.对某人来对某人来说，做某事不可能说，做某事不可能/可能可能 It was impossible for me to win the game without your support.没有你们的支持赢得比赛时不可能的。没有你们的支持赢得比赛时不可能的。17It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.对我们来说，像以前那样经常见面是不可能的了。对我们来说，像以前那样经常见面是不可能的了。as-as possible=as-as one can尽可能尽可能-You should come here as soon as you can.=You should come here as soon as possible.Nothing is impossible if you try your best.22.before adv.以前，过去，已经以前，过去，已经（完成时）（完成时）I havent seen him before.I know nothing about him.我之前没见过他，我对他一无所知。我之前没见过他，我对他一无所知。I have seen the film before.我以前看过这部电影。我以前看过这部电影。two hours ago(过去时过去时)1823.lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的 not happy because of being alone 24.lonelier 比较级比较级loneliest最高级最高级:;25.The old man lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.那位老人一个人住，但他不感到孤单。那位老人一个人住，但他不感到孤单。26.He lives in a lonely house alone.他一个人住他一个人住在一个在一个偏僻的偏僻的房子里。房子里。27.24.from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔不时，有时，偶尔 sometimes=at times28.We get letters from our uncle from time to time.我们不时收到叔叔的来信。我们不时收到叔叔的来信。1925.anyway adv.尽管，即使这样尽管，即使这样,不管怎样说不管怎样说 He didnt get the gold medal.Anyway,he tried his best.他没能拿到金牌。不管怎么说他尽力了。他没能拿到金牌。不管怎么说他尽力了。26.husband n.丈夫丈夫27.interview n.；vt.采访，会见采访，会见 have an interview with sb.与某人的会见与某人的会见;采访某人采访某人 I had an interview with him for a new job yesterday.昨天我因为一份新的工作与他会见了昨天我因为一份新的工作与他会见了 There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.interview sb.采访某人采访某人Millie is interviewing him to get some information.为了得到更多的信息，为了得到更多的信息，Millie正在采访他。正在采访他。2028.all ones life 一一生生 duringin our life(lives)在我在我们的一生中们的一生中 He has lived in Sunshine Town all his life.他一生他一生住在阳光镇。住在阳光镇。29.yet adv.还，仍还，仍 用于否定句或一般疑问句而用于否定句或一般疑问句而already用于肯定句用于肯定句 I have already finished my homework.I havent finished my homework yet.（否定句）（否定句）Have you finished your homework yet?(疑问句疑问句)Have you finished your work?No,not yet.=No,I havent.2130.recently adv.近来，最近近来，最近 Have you seen any films recently?你近期看过电你近期看过电影吗？影吗？recent adj.in recent years在近几年在近几年He has changed a lot in recent years.近几年他变近几年他变化了许多。化了许多。my recent photos 我的近照我的近照31.environment n.环境环境（不可数）（不可数）protect our environment保护我们的环境保护我们的环境 good environment良好的环境良好的环境2232.transport n.交通工具，运输工具交通工具，运输工具 transport at different times不同时期的交通工具不同时期的交通工具33.condition n.环境，条件，状况环境，条件，状况 Our living conditions have improved a lot over the years.我们的生活条件近几年提高了不少。我们的生活条件近几年提高了不少。34.return vi.返回返回go back return to sp.=go back to sp.返回某地返回某地 return home=go back home return sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.=give sth.back to sb.把某物还给某人把某物还给某人2335.last adv.上一次，最后上一次，最后 When did you last see each other?你们最后一次你们最后一次见面时何时？见面时何时？last weekyeartime上周上周去年去年上次上次动词动词 持续持续The meeting will not last long.会议不会持续太久。会议不会持续太久。36.abroad adv.在（到）国外在（到）国外(in or to a foreign country)go abroad for further study出国深造出国深造 be abroad 在国外在国外 study abroad 留学留学 live abroad 住在国外住在国外2437.primary adj.小学教育的，初级的小学教育的，初级的primary school 小学小学38.keep in touch保持联系保持联系 get/keep in touch with;be in touch with跟跟保持保持be out of touch失去联系失去联系They keep in touch with each other by writing.We have been out of touch for many years.我们已经多年失去联系了。我们已经多年失去联系了。touch 动词动词touches(触摸）触摸）Dont touch the tigers,or they will hurt municate vi&vt交流；交际交流；交际 communicate with 与与 交流交流 The boy is so shy.He is afraid of communicating with municate by email 通过邮件交流通过邮件交流25communication (u.n)have communication with othersThe child has little communication with others.那个小孩与别人几乎没交流。那个小孩与别人几乎没交流。daily communication日常交际日常交际40.exactly adv.（答语）正确，没错（答语）正确，没错 exactly correct 准确的，精确的准确的，精确的 exactly right完全完全正确正确What does DIY exactly mean?26 41.narrow adj.狭窄的狭窄的(not wide or broad)narrow path狭窄的小路狭窄的小路narrow table狭窄的餐桌狭窄的餐桌 narrow idea狭窄的思维狭窄的思维42.open space开阔的空地开阔的空地 in the open space在开阔地在开阔地27