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uShortcuts in taking notesuNote-taking formatsuNote-taking in listening comprehension exercises第1页Organize my workRecall most of any talkreviewHave a dialogue with the speakerSee direct connections between two pointsPrepare exams wellUnderstands key points welllThe benefits of taking notes第2页Why we take notesMemorya.recall key points.b.your pattern easily memorized.Participationa.require careful listeningb.focus on selective infoc.test understanding of materialOrganizationa.be selective about infob.rearrange notes,create ur set(of notes).Revisiona.see key points,concepts easily.b.spend less time to go over material.Study recordsa.sor future use第3页During note-taking lAbbreviationslNote-taking formats第4页Abbreviations l(1)symbolsl1)&=and 2)+=plus 3)=greater thanl4)=smaller than 5)=increasel6)=decrease 7)=leading to/result inl8)is not the same as l9)=male 第5页l(2)abbreviationsl1)psy=psychology 2)educ=educationl3)bio=biology 4)e.g.=for examplel5)i.e.=that is,that means 6)etc.=and the restl7)govt=government 8)info=informationl9)para.=paragraph 10)p.=page/pp.=pagesl第6页Exercise 1lChemistry=background=lEstimate=number=lIndividual=could=lAgainst=would=lTheology=money=lWith=lPound=第7页Exercise 1lchemistry=chem.lestimate=estlindividual=indlagainst=ag or vsltheology=theolwith=wlpound=lb Note:it is possible to have different answers.Make sure you are consistent with your system.Work out your own system for easy memory and stick to your system.background=bkgrdNumber=#could=cdwould=wdmoney=$=woman/female=because第8页Note-taking formatsForm 1 Paragraph format(P78)Form 2 Number and letter formatForm 3 Dash outline formatForm 4 Flow chart formForm 5 Cornell formForm 6 Mind map systemRead“How do I record information”on p.78 and complete form 2,3 and 4 on pp.79-80.第9页Number and letter formatl1)Form of taking notes la)important becausebasic organizationlb)major pointsminor points,relationships,detailsl2)Paragraph formla)easiest to dolb)poorest for studying lc)write until idea changes,begin new paragraph第10页l3.Standard outline format(dash outline,number and letter)la)good for organization lb)recommendedl4)Flow chartla)good for organizationlb)hard for complex ideaslc)recommended for easy topics第11页Dash outline formatForm of taking notes -important because of basic organization -major points,minor points,relationships,detailsParagraph form -easiest to do -poorest for studying -write until idea changes,begin new paragraph 第12页lStandard outline format -good for organization -recommendedlFlow chart -good for organization -hard for complex ideas -recommended for easy topics 第13页Flow chart formForms of taking notesParagraph Standard outline(dash outline,number And letter)Flow chart1)easiest to do2)poorest for studying3)write until ideachanges,begin again,not recommended1)good for 2)organization2)recommended 1)Good for organization2)Hard to explain complexideas3)Recommended for easy topics第14页Cornell form第15页lReduce ideas andl facts to concise ljottings and lsummaries as cuesl for Reciting,lReviewing,and Reflecting.l Record the lecture as meaningful as possible.Recall column第16页5Rs in Cornell forml1.Record.During the lecture,record in the main column as many meaningful facts and ideas as you can.Write legibly.l2.Reduce.As soon after as possible,summarize these ideas and facts concisely in the Recall Column.l3.Recite.Now cover the right column,using only your jottings in the Recall Column as cues or flags to help you recall.This procedure helps to transfer the facts and ideas into your long-term memory.l4.Reflect.They make such opinions the starting point for their own musings upon the subjects they are studying.l5.Review.Spend 10 minutes every week or so in a quick review of these notes.第17页Mind map system第18页Taking notes in listening classFormatTips第19页Format of Note-taking for a passagelTitle:_Skills of note-taking:understand what the lecturer says_.A.Its diff.to understand a lecture.1.cannot stop_.2.may not recog._.3.meet_.B.Solutions:1.infer_.2.dont be discouraged if_.3.often poss.to understand much by_.第20页What is imp.?A.most imp.Info:_ make sure to write it down_.implies_.B.direct signals&indirect signals.1.direct signals:a.explicit:_ b.colloquial_ 2.indirect signals:a.sth.imp.:_ b.sth.incidental:_第21页 Writing down_ A.use _ B.select_ usu._s times_ C.write_ D.time to write:1.connectives that indicate_:write e.g._.2.connectives that indicate_:listen e.g._.Show _by _ presentation.A._ B._ C._ D._ 第22页Tips for note-taking in listening exercisesuListening to dialogues/statementsW：I hope the library is open nowM：Look at the signIt says：9 amto 5 pmweekdays；9 amto 3 pmSaturdays；9 amto 12 noon SundaysQ：When will the library be open on Saturdays?AFrom 9 amto 5 pm(weekdays)BFrom l2 noon to 9 pm()CFrom 9 amto 12 noon(Sundays)DFrom 9 amto 3 pm(Saturdays)Take notes beside each option during listening,and make the final decision.第23页listening to a passagelAAt the new town swimming poo1l BIn the schoo1l CAt Jackson Sports Centerl DIn a university swimming poo1lABecause the place was too smalll BBecause the students wouldnt be able to l have lunch therel CBecause it was rainingl DBecause the place was not available第24页lAAbout 3hoursBAbout 4 hoursl C.About 5 hoursDAbout 6 hourslATo inform the students of the swimming l competitionl BTo tell the students how to get to the l competition groundl CTo tell the students when to get back to schooll DTo tell the students about the arrangement of l the days activities第25页lFrom the options we find the first three questions are objective,while the last is considered to be subjective and general,which can be summed up into the following four:lWhere?lWhy did change the place of?lHow long?lWhat is the main ideapurpose of?(Which of the following statements is true)So,its important to get the details第26页Notes:lA message for years 710(for whom)lnew town swimming pool(original)lJackson Sports Center(now)lRain(reason of changing place)l10：00 amstart off by bus(15 minutes ride)l3：15 pmreturn to schoolSo at the end of the topic,it is easy to get the answers.ABCD。第27页1.When taking notes,it is important to put down key words(words that give maximum information).2.Key words are usually nouns,sometimes verbs or adjectives.Abbreviate familiar words,avoid abbreviate unfamiliar ones 3.Writing only one word on each line4.Connectives or connecting words:moreover,furthermore,also,etc(safe to write)however,on the other hand,nevertheless(better to listen)第28页5.Learn to show the connections between the various points.Spacing,underlining,conventional symbols like lines,arrows etc.6.Try to retell or repeat the passage according to your notes to reinforce your understanding.第29页7.Prediction before and during the listening Before listening:predict from the title,the pictures,the options in the exercises are good hints for the topic and its style.During listening:predict according to the connectives lfirst,next,then,lastly;for example,for instance;by the way,besides;both and,not only but also;neither nor ,on the one hand,on the other hand;in comparison with,differ from;if,in case;because,since,due to,thanks to,forreason;in order that;therefore,so that,as a result,in the result;although,in spite of that;but,yet,however,nevertheless in my opinion,I think that.I guess l 第30页lThe intonation,tone and pauses of the speakers may also help prediction.l I am learning medicine at the university.I want to be a (We can predict that the speaker is going to say something like“a doctor”or some related professions)l Its windy.Please shut(we can quickly decide that the speaker intends to say please shut the door or the window)第31页
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