华东师范大学外语学院244二外英语历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2003年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2004年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2005年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2006年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2007年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2008年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2009年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2010年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2011年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2012年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解2003年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题及详解.Vocabulary(10%)Directions:Choose the best ONE answer to fill in the blank with orreplace the underlined part in each of the sentences.1.Much to our delight,fruits are so abundant that the prices of them nolonger _ greatly.A.modifyB.fluctuateC.convertD.flourishB【答案】句意：令我们高兴的是，水果是如此的丰富，其价格不会再大幅度地波动。fluctuate波动。modify修改。convert改变。flourish繁荣。【解析】2.Our company _ after long negotiations to build a double-purposebridge across the river.A.contactedB.consultedC.contractedD.constructedC【答案】句意：经过漫长的谈判，我们公司承包建一座双用桥。contract承包；订约。contact联系。consult请教；商议。construct建造。【解析】3.When I returned very late at midnight,I found the lift in our buildingout of _ again.A.orderB.functionC.workD.practiceA【答案】句意：当我深夜回来的时候，我发现我们楼里的电梯又出了故障。out of order出故障，为固定搭配。【解析】4.The old man has a serious heart attack and is dying,_.A.without breathB.under breathC.short of breathD.below breathC【答案】句意：这位老人心脏病发作，奄奄一息，呼吸困难。shortof breath呼吸困难；呼吸急促。【解析】5.Tom was greatly disturbed by the bad news,so the sentences he wasreading made no _ to him though he was trying hard to composehimself.A.feelingB.senseC.messageD.meaningB【答案】句意：汤姆被听到的坏消息打断了思路，所以他正在读的句子对他来说没有任何意义，尽管他努力地使自己镇定下来。make nosense毫无意义，为固定搭配。【解析】6.You can be _ that your son will attain his goal through his hardworking.A.ensuredB.assuredC.insuredD.confirmedB【答案】句意：你放心，你的儿子一定会努力学习，达成目标。beassured that.放心，为固定搭配。ensure确保。insure确保；给保险。confirm证实。【解析】7.There was a thick snow in the street,but when the sun came out,thesnow began to _.A.dissolveB.meltC.vanishD.disappearB【答案】句意：街上雪很厚，但太阳出来时，雪就开始融化了。melt融化。dissolve溶解。vanish消失。disappear消失。【解析】8.Mary tried in vain to _ her boss into letting her have a holiday.A.temptB.convinceC.imposeD.reasonD【答案】句意：玛丽努力劝说老板让她去度假，没有成功。reasonsb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事。tempt诱惑。convince使信服。impose【解析】把强加于。9.Its impossible for the two companies to co-operate with each otherbecause there is a basic _ of interest between them.A.conflictB.contradictionC.contestD.competitionA【答案】句意：这两家公司不可能相互合作，因为他们之间有根本的利益冲突。conflict of interest利益冲突，为固定搭配。【解析】10.The committee learned a lesson from the disturbance that _decisions often led to bitter regrets.A.instantB.urgentC.hastyD.promptC【答案】句意：委员会从这次混乱中吸取到了教训：草率的决定会导致痛苦的懊悔。hasty decision草率的决定，为固定搭配。hasty草率的。instant立即的。urgent紧急的。prompt迅速的。【解析】11.One of the consequences of advanced cognitive ability has been theemergence of cultural life.A.pertinentB.perceptiveC.compilingD.commendableB【答案】句意：高级认知能力的一个后果就是文化生活的产生。cognitive认知的。perceptive感知的。pertinent相关的。compiling编译。commendable值得赞美的。【解析】12.In that period,the superiority of virginity and sexual abstinence overmarriage was generally taken for granted.A.restrictionB.desireC.temptationD.prohibitionA【答案】句意：在那个时期，贞洁和节制性欲的优越性通常被认为是理所当然的。abstinence节制。restriction限制；约束。desire欲望。temptation引诱。prohibition禁止。【解析】13.The gifted boy has won the big prize,as he has a great faculty forplaying the piano.A.teaching staffB.natural abilityC.unsatisfiable ambitionD.proficient skillB【答案】句意：这个有天赋的小男孩赢得了大奖，因为他有弹钢琴的才能。faculty强调人天生就有的才能。natural ability天生的能力。teaching staff教职人员。unsatisfiable ambition不可满足的野心。proficientskill熟练的技能。【解析】14.When the bomb exploded in the square,crowds of people fled fromthere and several women and children were trampled to death.A.squeezedB.crashedC.stampedD.squashedC【答案】句意：当炸弹在广场爆炸时，人们从那里逃了出来，有几个妇女和儿童被踩踏致死。trample踩；践踏。stamp用脚踩踏。squeeze挤；压榨。crash撞碎；坠毁。squash压碎；挤压。【解析】15.Im quite hesitant about whether to accept the job.I suppose mydecision will to a large degree depend on the sentiment I have for my familyhere.A.feelingB.conceptionC.ideaD.fascinationA【答案】句意：我很犹豫是否要接受这份工作，我想我的决定很大程度上取决于我对我家人的感情。sentiment感情；情绪。feeling感觉；感情。conception设想；概念。idea想法。fascination魅力。【解析】16.China will launch a manned satellite within three or four years tomake a probe of the moon.A.invasionB.examinationC.explanationD.explorationD【答案】句意：中国将在三、四年内发射一颗载人卫星，对月球进行探测。probe探测。exploration探测。invasion入侵。explanation解释。【解析】17.If your ID card expired,youll have to get a new one.A.is overdueB.comes to an endC.is validD.gets lostA【答案】句意：如果你的身份证过期了，你就必须去办一张新的。expire期满；终止。be overdue过期的。come to an end结束。be valid有效的。get lost丢失。【解析】18.Most of us dont think that the elderly president will be inauguratedfor his third term.A.put into officeB.reelectedC.terminatedD.ushered inB【答案】句意：我们大多数人认为这个年迈的总统不会迎来他的第三个任期。inaugurate使正式就任。get reelected获得连任。terminate终止。usher in开辟。【解析】19.Dirt accumulates very fast if one doesnt clean the house every day.A.evaporatesB.absorbsC.heaps upD.concentratesC【答案】句意：如果每天不打扫房子，那么很快就会积尘。accumulate积累。heap up堆积。evaporate蒸发。absorb吸收。concentrate集中。【解析】20.In the study of 3,250 depressed patients,only 2.4 percentexperienced side effects.Those include restlessness,gastrointestinalirritations and mild allergic reactions.A.sentimentalB.sensationalC.sensitiveD.sentimentC【答案】句意：在对3250名抑郁症患者的调查中，只有2.4%的患者有过副作用，包括坐立不安、肠胃不适以及轻微的过敏反应。allergic对过敏的。sensitive易受伤害的；易受影响的。sentimental多愁善感的。sensational轰动的；耸人听闻的。sentiment感情。【解析】.Structure(10%)Directions:Choose the best one answer to each of the sentences.21.The school authorities _,there would be an open air party withlive music soon.A.permitB.permitsC.permittedD.permittingD【答案】句意：学校当局允许的话，那么很快就会举办一次有现场音乐的露天派对。独立主格结构作条件状语，且表主动，故选D。【解析】22.The population of many western cities has _ doubled in the pastten years.A.larger thanB.more thanC.as great asD.as much asB【答案】句意：在过去的十年里，西方人口增长了一倍多。morethan表示“多于；超出”，在这里做副词，修饰double。【解析】23.A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult,_ he is likely tosmile and reach out to another infant.A.ifB.whereasC.so whatD.wheneverB【答案】句意：一个婴儿可能会表现出对一个不熟悉的成年人的恐惧，然而他会微笑并与另一个婴儿接触。whereas然而，表转折。【解析】24.Mr.Smith is quite certain that _ to do this in person,he wouldfind it difficult to express himself without losing his patience.A.were he to tryB.would he tryC.was he tryingD.if he triesA【答案】句意：史密斯先生十分确定，如果他努力亲自去做这件事，他会发现自己很难在不失去耐心的情况下表达自己。此句为虚拟语气，省略if，将were提前，表示和现在相反的事实。【解析】25._ she realized it was necessary for her to return home.A.No sooner it grew dark thanB.Hardly it grew dark whenC.It was not until dark thatD.It was until dark thatC【答案】句意：一直到天黑，她才意识到她该回家了。It was.that.为强调句型，与not until的搭配一般为：It was/is+not until+被强调的部分+that从句，意为“直到才”。【解析】26.We could see the valley _ in the sunshine.A.lying peacefulB.laying peacefulC.lying peacefullyD.laying peacefullyC【答案】句意：我们可以看到山谷静静地躺在阳光下。see sb./sth.doing sth.看见某人某物正在做某事。lie的现在进行时为lying。【解析】27.Mr.Black isnt as capable a person as is expected,so _ will hebe able to regain control of the board.A.with hard workB.much hard workC.only if he works hardD.if only he works hardC【答案】句意：布莱克先生的能力不如预期，所以只有努力工作，他才能重新获得董事会的控制权。only if只有，表条件关系，放在句首，从句用倒装。【解析】28.What he usually does and says _ with each other.A.dont agreeB.doesnt agreeC.didnt agreeD.isnt agreeingA【答案】句意：他通常做的和说的不一致。what引导主语从句，但表示“做的”和“说的”两个方面，为复数意义，故谓语动词用复数。【解析】29.Experiments in the photography of moving objects _ in both theUnited States and Europe well before 1990.A.have been conductingB.were conductingC.had been conductedD.was conductedC【答案】句意：在1990年之前，美国和欧洲都进行了关于移动物体摄影的实验。实验应该是被做，故用被动语态，且事情发生在1990年之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态。【解析】30.They left the meeting room,_ that there would be no goodresult.A.convincingB.convincedC.believedD.believed inB【答案】句意：他们离开会议室，确信不会有好的结果发生。convince使确信，因此当人做主语时，应用被动语态convinced，做伴随状语。【解析】31.Its a bit expensive,but you get _.A.your money worthB.your worth moneyC.your moneys worthD.your worth of moneyC【答案】句意：这个是贵了点，但你这钱花的值。get your moneys【解析】worth钱花得值，为固定搭配。32.Is this _ voice that we hear?A.a boy or a girlsB.a boys or a girlsC.a boys or a girlD.of a boy or a girlA【答案】句意：这是我们听到的男孩或者女孩的声音吗？在符合名词或短语中，所有格加在最后一个名词词尾。【解析】33.The girl told me _ would come to the party,but only a fewshowed up.A.many Jane friendsB.many Janes friendC.many of Janes friendsD.many friends of JaneC【答案】【句意】句意：那个女孩告诉我，简的许多朋友都会来派对，但只来了几个。此处为双重所有格，of+名词s所有格，为固定搭配。34.The Vanguard is a _,isnt it?A.Sunday paperB.Sundays paperC.paper of SundayD.paper SundayA【答案】句意：先锋是周日刊，不是吗？Sunday paper周日刊，为固定搭配。【解析】35.It suddenly dawned _ me that I had been made fun of.A.uponB.toC.forD.atA【答案】句意：我突然意识到我被取笑了。It dawns upon sb.that.某人开始明白，为固定搭配。【解析】36.There was silence for a few moments,then Li Hua,my colleague,came out _ a most valuable proposal.A.forB.withC.ofD.onB【答案】句意：沉默了一会，然后我的同事李华提出了一条最有价值的建议。come out with表示“说出；提出”，为固定搭配。【解析】37.As I am her adviser,I think I _ tell her the news.A.needB.willC.mayD.ought toD【答案】句意：因为我是她的顾问，我想我应该告诉她这个消息。ought to意为“应该”，一般出于法令规则、行为准则和道德责任等客观情况。【解析】38.They _,but they failed in the end.A.hoped to succeedB.hoped to have successC.hoped to be succeededD.hoped to have succeededD【答案】句意：他们希望能成功，但最终还是失败了。hoped to havedone=had hoped to do sth.表示过去未曾实现的希望，为固定用法。【解析】39._ the pit on the road,the bus was halted.A.Having spottedB.The driver spottingC.After spottingD.The driver spottedB【答案】句意：司机发现了路上的一个坑，停下了公共汽车。此处为独立主格结构，因为是司机发现情况，是主动语态，故选B。【解析】40.Since there is something wrong with his lungs,he decides to limithimself _ 5 cigars a day.A.to smokeB.on smokeC.to smokingD.on smokingC【答案】句意：因为他的肺出了问题，所以他决定限制自己每天只抽5根雪茄。limit oneself to doing sth.表示“限制自己在做某事的范围内”，为固定搭配。【解析】.Cloze(10%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blankthere are FOUR choices marked A,B,C and D on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark thecorresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through thecenter.A dictionary says that a greenhouse is a“temperate conservatory forgrowing plants”and that a conservatory is a“glasshouse”.A greenhouse is abuilding made almost entirely of glass.Which(41)_ heat and is used forgrowing plants.The leaves of the plants give the building a generally(42)_ appearance inside,and this,presumably,gives rise to its name.I canonly assume that we do not call it a“glasshouse”these days as this is the(43)_ given to an army prison.The name“conservatory”is now given to aglass building(44)_ to the outside wall of a house,and for growingindoor plants or as a warm,relaxing(45)_ room to the home.It is warmbecause glass allows the rays of the sun to pass through,but(46)_ theheat trying to escape.Perhaps you have noticed how hot it becomes in a(47)_ car on asunny day,even when the temperature outside is low.The suns rays passthrough the windscreen and are(48)_ by the seats of the car.These rayswarm the seats,which(49)_ radiate the heat back into the car.The heatreaches the windscreen and the windows(50)_ cannot escape throughthe glass.Thus the inside of the(51)_ warms up.This is the way thatgreenhouses heat up.The short-wave radiation of the sun passes through the(52)_ wallsand roof of the greenhouse and(53)_ the floor,shelves,plant pots and(54)_ else inside.These warmed objects pass back(55)_ long-wave radiation the heat they have gained,and as this tries to(56)_ mostof it is blocked by the glass.So the heat inside(57)_.At night,with noextra sun entering,the heat(58)_ escapes,through the glass,or throughthe various(59)_ around the door and windows,or by being absorbedinto the(60)_ of the building.41.A.conservesB.confusesC.controlsD.converts42.A.gloriousB.gloomyC.greenD.golden43.A.orderB.titleC.rightD.name44.A.attachedB.respondedC.devotedD.contributed45.A.innerB.extraC.mutualD.magic46.A.violatesB.blocksC.upsetsD.reflects47.A.parkingB.parkedC.coatingD.coated48.A.absorbedB.attractedC.abandonedD.aroused49.A.above allB.of courseC.in turnD.at once50.A.butB.evenC.andD.so51.A.greenhouseB.vehicleC.glasshouseD.conservatory52.A.rubberB.fabricC.glassD.metal53.A.heatB.heatedC.heatingD.heats54.A.somewhereB.somethingC.everywhereD.everything55.A.asB.likeC.forD.such56.A.evolveB.emergeC.escapeD.exhaust57.A.shuts offB.builds upC.goes outD.moves on58.A.finallyB.eventuallyC.particularlyD.invisibly59.A.matsB.spraysC.gapsD.spots60.A.foundationB.propertyC.establishmentD.operation【答案与解析】41.A 温室由玻璃制成的主要目的是储存热量，用于植物生长。42.C “greenhouse”名字的由来，就是因为植物的叶子使温室里呈现一片绿色。43.D 温室不再被成为“玻璃房”的原因是：军队中的监狱被称为玻璃房，即这是监狱的名字。44.A 温室是指一种贴着房子外部的由玻璃制成的建筑。attach to贴；连接；依附。45.B 温室还可以作为一个温暖的、令人放松的额外空间。46.B 温室玻璃会阻挡住想要跑出去的热量。47.B 这里指停着的车在太阳下内部温度会很高，这样才能够长时间的吸收太阳光，使温度升高。48.A 车的座位会吸收太阳光的射线，使温度升高。49.C in turn反过来。指车座吸收的热量会反过来释放到车内部。50.A 热量会触及车窗及挡风玻璃，但是不能扩散出去。51.B 这里指车内部变得温暖起来。vehicle车辆；交通工具。52.C 温室的原理和车内部温度升高一样，太阳射线穿过玻璃墙和温室顶部。53.D 穿进去的太阳射线使地面、架子和花盆等变热。heat和前面的passes为并列关系，故时态应该一致。54.D 穿进去的太阳射线也使其他别的东西温度升高。55.A 这些温度升高了的物体会以长波辐射的形式释放出它们获得的热量。as作为。56.C 这些释放出的热量会想要扩散出去，但是会受到玻璃墙的阻挡。escape逃跑。57.B 这些扩散不出去的热量就开始积聚起来，使温度升高。buildup增进；加强。58.D 到了晚上，这些热量会悄悄地跑出去，而这是不可见的。invisibly看不见地；看不出地。59.C 到了晚上，这些热量会从门窗的缝隙扩散出去。60.C 这些热量除了扩散出去，还会被建筑当中的各种设施吸收。establishment设施；建立的东西。.Reading comprehension(30%)Directions:There are 6 reading passages in this part.Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them thereare four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneAmong the most spectacular visions in the sky is the glowing trail of aball of frozen gases commonly known as comet.Comets are comprised ofwater,ammonia,methane,and carbon dioxide and are held together by smallfragments of rock and metallic materials.They are created in outer space,beyond the reaches of our solar system.They are seen fairly infrequently butare nonetheless plentiful-in what time period.Comets appear small but are in fact enormous.Some are larger than thesun,but most are approximately the size of Jupiter.Many comets followelongated orbits and are visible only when they are within Saturns orbit.Ascomets travel through the solar system toward the sun,solar energy vaporizestheir gases,producing a blazing head,called the coma.Some comets alsodevelop a tail,which can extend millions of miles.Despite their large scale,comets are believed to weigh relatively little probably less than one-billionththe earths mass.Early astronomers found that as comets orbited the sun,a tail wascreated as solar energy forced the comas particles out.Todays scientistshave confirmed these beliefs,and have further identified two solar forces atwork in the creation of a comet s tail,radiation pressure is responsible forpushing the dust particles away from the coma,and solar wind moves thecomas ionized gases.As the comet travels away from the sun,the tail begins to disappear dueto condensation of the gases.Once these gases arc separated from the cornet,they are lost forever.As a result,most comets survive only 100 times closeorbits of the sun.When all the comets gases have been released,all that isleft of the comet is a bundle of stone and metal particles,which continues toorbit without a coma or tail.Perhaps the most famous comet is Halleys comet,which appears onceevery 76 years.The Chinese have recorded all of Halleys appearances since240 B.C.the comets 1910 sighting was remarkable for its clear visibility;itcould be seen in daylight,and was observed to have developed a tail