mypublicclass名词性从句趣味详解省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

welcome第1页GrammarNounclausesastheobjectandpredicative名词性从句名词性从句宾语宾语表语表语Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote第2页Related Conception(相关概念相关概念)1.什么是名词？什么是名词？表示人或事物名称词叫名词。表示人或事物名称词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中普通能够作什么成份名词在句子当中普通能够作什么成份?The boy is Li Ming.Mr.Liang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.主语主语表语表语同位语同位语宾语宾语第3页NounClauses(名词性从句名词性从句)SubjectClause(主语从句主语从句)AppositiveClause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）ObjectClause（宾语从句）（宾语从句）PredicativeClause（表语从句）（表语从句）第4页a womanly man That you dont like him makes him heartbroken.The fact that you dont like him makes him heartbroken.That is why you dont like him.We now know that you dont like him.(主从主从)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾从宾从)(表从表从)第5页Object Clause 宾语从句宾语从句第6页Theyknowtheteacher.Theyknowthattheteacheristall.AsentencewhichservesasobjectiscalledObjectClause.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主语主语谓语谓语宾语从句第7页Conjunctions of Noun ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句引导名词性从句关联词关联词):隶属连词(不作成份）连接代词（作成份）连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,ifwhen,where,how,why第8页一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.thatvLinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.2.宾语从句中连接词宾语从句中连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能不能省略：省略：（1）当）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，时，第二个第二个that不能省；不能省；（2）当）当that从句作从句作介词宾语介词宾语时，时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3）用）用it做做形式宾语形式宾语宾语从句。宾语从句。Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.第9页3.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加一一些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面所跟省略面所跟省略that从句也可算是从句也可算是宾语从句。宾语从句。vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vImafraid(that)hewontpasstheexam.第10页(1).Lilywantedtoknow_hergrandmalikedthehandbag.(2).Sheaskedme-shecouldborrowthesebooks.注意注意whether和和if使用区分使用区分:1).whether和和if都能够引导宾语从句都能够引导宾语从句a.当有当有ornot时就用时就用whether,不用不用if.IdontknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介词介词后面宾语从句不能用后面宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.2.whether/ifif/whetherif/whether第11页Practicetimeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I dont know _ he is well or not.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ I should go.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_ to go.whether第12页3 3.由由wh-wh-疑问词引导。疑问词引导。We fully understood what he meant.I asked how he was getting on.We will choose whoever is fit.They should enjoy complete freedom to marry whomever they love.第13页二、时态二、时态1.1.假假如如主主句句是是现现在在时时态态 （包包含含普普通通现现在在时时 ，现现在在进进行行时时，现现在在完完成成时），时），从句时态从句时态任意任意。vIknowhe_-here.(live)vIknowhe-heretenyearsago.(live)vIhaveheardthathe-tomorrow.(come)2.假假如如主主句句是是过过去去时时态态（包包含含普普通通过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句时时态态一一定定要要用相对应过去某种时态用相对应过去某种时态。Isawshe_hermother.(talk)Heaskedwhetherhisfather_tomorrow.(comeback)Hesaidthathe_it.(see)3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用普通现在普通现在时时。TheteachersaidthattheearthTheteachersaidthattheearth_aroundaroundthesun.thesun.（traveltravel）liveslivedwillcometravelstravelswastalkingwithwouldcomebackhadseen第14页三、语序三、语序宾语从句语序用宾语从句语序用陈说语序陈说语序：连接词：连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其它成份。其它成份。1.Idontknowwhatisthematterthetroublewrongwithhim.2.Idontknowwhodidit.3.Idontknowwhoishe1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?1Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.2Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.第15页1.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.注意：注意：it常能够放在动词常能够放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为等后作为形式宾语形式宾语,真真正宾语正宾语-that从句则放在句尾从句则放在句尾.*_(我们以为很奇怪我们以为很奇怪)shedidntgotoschooltoday.Wethinkitstrangethat第16页1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.2.Idontknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.1.3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher4.MissHesaidthatthemoonmovedroundtheearth.5.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrowhewashedidwasthemattermoveswhether第17页Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句第18页什么叫做表语？什么叫做表语？Heisastudent.Theproblemseemspuzzling.Hisjobistopaintthewalls.Herjobistakingcareofthechildren.第19页一、表语从句定义：一、表语从句定义：表语从句放在表语从句放在连系动词连系动词之后，充当之后，充当复合句中表语。复合句中表语。The question is who will do it.The question is who will do it.系动词系动词表语从句表语从句连系动词：连系动词：be动词，感官动词，改变类动动词，感官动词，改变类动词，连续类动词。词，连续类动词。第20页二、表语从句组成：二、表语从句组成：（系动词系动词）+引导词引导词+简单句简单句WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired.引导词引导词表语从句表语从句主语从句主语从句系动词系动词第21页1引导主语从句连接词有三类：引导主语从句连接词有三类：(1)隶属连词隶属连词that、whether：二者在从句：二者在从句中均不作成份，只起连接作用；中均不作成份，只起连接作用；that无实际无实际意义，但不能够省略。意义，但不能够省略。whether表示表示“是否是否”，不能换成，不能换成if。e.g.The question is whether hell come here.My idea is that we should leave here at once.第22页The problem is who can finish the task.Shanghai is no longer what it used to be.Shanghai is no longer a city _ it used to be.(2)连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which等。在等。在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成份从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成份,有自己词义。有自己词义。that第23页3)连接副词连接副词where,when,how,why等。等。在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成份。等成份。What I want to know is when he will be back.That is why I like Li Bai so much.The mystery is how the pyramids were built.第24页1.Themothersquestionwas_shehasnotimetolookafterherdaughter.2.Thequestionis_thatboywillturnupintime.3.Tomisnolonger_heusedtobe.4.Thatis_Icantagreewithyou.无义是否.样子地方whetherthatwhatwhere第25页特殊使用方法特殊使用方法:1.because引导表语从句结构.1.Myangerisbecauseyouhaventfinishyourhomework.2.Hewasill,thats()hewasabsentfromschoolyesterday.3.Hewasabsentfromschoolyester-day,thatis()hewasill.whybecause第26页2.asif/asthough引导表语从句常在连系动词look,seem,sound,Itseemedasifitwasgoingtorain.3.Thereason/for/why.is/wasthat.Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromschoolyesterdaywasthathewasill.第27页1.Ithinkitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.2.Hismotherissatisfiedwithhehasdone.3.hewasabletocomemadeushappy.4.Thisismakesusinterested.5.ThereasonwasTodhadneverseenthemillionpoundnotebefore.what/that区分(that)whatThatwhatthat第28页所引导从句是否缺(主语,表语,宾语)汉语意义汉语意义能否省略能否省略what缺缺什么;所.(东西/事情)不能省略不能省略that不缺不缺无意义无意义引导宾语引导宾语从句时可从句时可省略省略.第29页that/what区分区分1_yourfatherwantstoknowis_gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouare2.Thetroubleis_weareshortoftools.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat3.Americawas_wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere第30页1.Thequestionis_wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2Thereasonwhyhefailedis_hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoatfromthetable.Its_youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere第31页4Theproblemis_totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis_helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.that B.ifC.whether D.不填6.Thereasonis_Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what第32页7.Thatis_wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what8.Shelooked_sheweretenyearsyounger.A.thatB.likeC.asD.asthough9.Ifellsick!-Ithinkitis_youaredoingtoomuch.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because第33页10.Thereasonwhyhehasntcomeis_.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismothersbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill11.Hewasbornhere.-Thatis_helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how12.Thatis_LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why第34页1.that引导表语从句无任何意义，也不充当任何句子成份，引导表语从句无任何意义，也不充当任何句子成份，通常不省略通常不省略Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.问题是我们缺钱。问题是我们缺钱。第35页reason后表语从句要用后表语从句要用that引导，即引导，即Thereasonwhy/for.isthat.。Thereasonforhismistakesisthathelacksconfidence.他犯错误原因是缺乏信心。他犯错误原因是缺乏信心。第36页5(北京高考北京高考)PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel，DavidCopperfield，wasitwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.AwhatBthatCwhyDwhether第37页解析：解析：此题考查名词性从句。考查句型此题考查名词性从句。考查句型thereason.isthat.。that引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成份。引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成份。答案：答案：B第38页2whether引导表语从句引导表语从句(此时通常不可用此时通常不可用if代替代替whether)Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.不能必定他是否要来。不能必定他是否要来。Theproblemseemedhowwecouldmakehimunderstandit.问题好像是我们怎样使他了解它。问题好像是我们怎样使他了解它。Thatiswhy(how)hecaughtacoldyesterday.那就是他昨天为何那就是他昨天为何(怎么怎么)得了感冒。得了感冒。第39页6(山东高考山东高考)Imafraidhesmoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichisheneverfinishesanything.AthatBwhenCwhereDwhy第40页解析：解析：考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说(他是一个空谈家他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家而不是一个实干家)是下文是下文(他一事无成他一事无成)原因，由此可知应原因，由此可知应该选该选why。答案：答案：D第41页3隶属连词引导表语从句隶属连词引导表语从句asif,asthough,because,as等隶属连词也能够引导等隶属连词也能够引导表语从句。其中表语从句。其中asif,asthough引导从句既可用普通引导从句既可用普通语气也可用虚拟语气。语气也可用虚拟语气。Itlooksasifwewillbelate.看上去，我们似乎要迟到了。看上去，我们似乎要迟到了。Thepatientlookedasifhehadbeenillforalongtime.看上去，病人似乎已经病了很长时间。看上去，病人似乎已经病了很长时间。第42页1.同位语从句常放在同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt等名等名词后面，是对前面名词作深入解释，说明前面名词词后面，是对前面名词作深入解释，说明前面名词详细含义详细含义Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.他可能恢复希望还没有破灭。他可能恢复希望还没有破灭。第43页在复合句中作表语在复合句中作表语在复合句中作表语在复合句中作表语句子句子句子句子.引导表语从句关联词引导表语从句关联词引导表语从句关联词引导表语从句关联词与引导主语从句关联词大致一样与引导主语从句关联词大致一样与引导主语从句关联词大致一样与引导主语从句关联词大致一样表语从句表语从句1.问题是我们和他已失去联络问题是我们和他已失去联络.2.这就是亨利怎么处理这个问题这就是亨利怎么处理这个问题.3.天看起来要下雨了天看起来要下雨了.Theproblemis_Thisis_.Itlooks_.thatwehavelosttouchwithhim.howHenrysolvedtheproblem.asifitisgoingtorain.第44页Thefactis_wehavelostthegame.Ourschoolisnolonger_itusedtobe.Thisis_ourproblemlies.Thatis_hedidntcometothemeeting.whatwherethatwhy第45页三三.表语从句经典错误：表语从句经典错误：1：ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasbecauseImissedthetrain.3:Thedifficultywenowmeetwithisifwecanpersuadehimtotellthetruth.thatwhether第46页比如比如:今天早上他迟到原因是因为路上今天早上他迟到原因是因为路上行人太多行人太多.1.Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.2.Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.3.Hewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.第47页 注意点注意点1).1).表语从句一律用陈说句语序表语从句一律用陈说句语序.2).2).表语从句引导词表语从句引导词thatthat无实际意义无实际意义,但但不能省略不能省略.3).3).表语从句只能用表语从句只能用whetherwhether,而不能用而不能用if if 引导引导.4).4).不要不要使用使用 The reason is The reason is because because 句型句型,应使用应使用 The reason is The reason is thatthat 或或 This/it/that/is This/it/that/is becausebecause等句型等句型.第48页名词性从句连接词名词性从句连接词一、主语从句（普通位于句首）一、主语从句（普通位于句首）1.连词 that(无词义,不作成份,不能省略);whether(是否),不用if.That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.注意注意:已确定事由已确定事由 that that 引导引导;没决定事由没决定事由 whether whether 引导引导.第49页3.连连接接副副词词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar,howmany/much等等.When the test will be given is not yetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.2.连接代词连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever等等.Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.第50页1._Icantunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.2._theearthisroundisknowntousall.归纳：WhatThat连连词词_在在从从句句中中不不作作成成份份，不不含含有有疑疑问问意意义义，而而_在在从从句中作成份，常含有疑问意义。句中作成份，常含有疑问意义。thatwhat第51页1._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what第52页1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句谓语动词用主句谓语动词用 单数形式单数形式.That they will come is certain.That they will come is certain.2.由由who,whoever引引导导主主语语从从句句单单复复数数要要视视从从句句中中单复数而定单复数而定.Whoever say that are to be punished.Whoever say that are to be punished.Who he is doesnt concern me.Who he is doesnt concern me.3.What 引引导导主主语语从从句句时时,主主句句谓谓语语动动词词单单复复数数由由表表语语单复数决定单复数决定.What he wants are these books.What he wants are these books.What he wants is some water.What he wants is some water.主语从句主谓一致第53页二二.宾语从句宾语从句1.由连词that引导,that常可省略。We believe(that)he is honest.I told him(that)I would come back soon.注：并列第二个以上宾语从句,或有插入语时不能省略that.He said(that)he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary (试用)period.第54页Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 名名词性从句性从句作用相当于名作用相当于名词，所以主，所以主语从句、从句、表表语从句从句 、宾语从句和同位从句和同位语从句分从句分别作主句作主句主主语、表、表语、宾语和同位和同位语。同位语从句同位语从句第55页当that引导从句作复合宾语第一个成份时，需用先行词it作形式宾语，把从句放到句末，that不能省略。We consider it possible that he is ill.I feel it a pity that she cant come.I heard it said that he had gone to Australia.He made it clear that he objected to the plan.第56页2.2.由由wh-wh-疑问词引导。疑问词引导。We fully understood what he meant.Go and ask why he was late yesterday.Please tell me which is mine.I asked how he was getting on.We will choose whoever is fit.They should enjoy complete freedom to marry whomever they desire.Whatever he does he does well.Do you know whether/if she is coming?He asked me whether or not I was busy.第57页1.1.介词后宾语从句介词后宾语从句.Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow.2.whetheror not宾语从句宾语从句.I dont know whether or not shell like it.3.3.复合不定式只能用复合不定式只能用whether.Tell us whether to go or stay here.但但:宾语从句否定时惯用宾语从句否定时惯用if引导引导.He asked if you would not go and see him.whether 与与if 有有时时能能够够换换用用，但但以以下下情情况只能用况只能用whether.第58页另附：1、主语从句置于句首Whethershelikesthepresentisnotcleartome.2、表语从句MymainproblemrightnowiswhetherIshouldaskforanotherloan（贷款）.3、同位语从句Answermyquestionwhetheryouarecoming.另附：第59页1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.6.Themanageraskedmethequestion_Iwouldliketobehissecretary.7._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf用if或whether填空whether第60页宾语从句要注意几个问题宾语从句要注意几个问题:1.时态呼应(主从句时态保持一致）2.否定转移:(think,believe,suppose,expect,guess 等).但普通出现在主句是普通现在时情况下.I dont think you have met before,have you?I thought you would not come,so I went there by myself.3.后面不能直接跟that从句动词:allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,celebrate,dislike,hate,love,help,take,forgive 等.这类次后可用其它形式作宾语.I admire their winning the match.(正确正确)I admire that they won the match.(错误错误)第61页三三.表语从句表语从句表语从句引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.3.seem,appear后可接that引导从句,而 look则不可.这三个词后都可用as if/as though 引导从句.It seems/appears that he was late for the trainyesterday.Itseems/appears/looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot.第62页The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.四四.同位语从句同位语从句 同同位位语语从从句句普普通通跟跟在在名名词词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubthope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后后面面,用用以以说明或解释前面名词说明或解释前面名词.第63页注注:1.1.that 引引导导同同位位语语从从句句与与that 引引导导定定语语从从句句区区分分:引引导导同同位位语语从从句句that 无无实实际际意意义义,不不作作从从句句任任何何成成份份,而而引引导导定定语语从从句句that 是从从句中某个成份句中某个成份.He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news that he told us.2.2.在在have no idea 之之后后惯惯用用wh-引引导导同同位位语语从句从句.I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.第64页Part3onpage46Part3onpage46 1.1.ItishardforustoimaginewherealltheseItishardforustoimaginewhereallthese2.2.advancedtechnologieswillleadus.advancedtechnologieswillleadus.NCNC 2.Peoplewanttoknowwhich“green”2.Peoplewanttoknowwhich“green”transportationwillbeusedinthecity.transportationwillbeusedinthecity.NCNC 3.Haveyouheardofthenewmaglevtrain,3.Haveyouheardofthenewmaglevtrain,whichisenvironmentallyfriendly,energy-whichisenvironmentallyfriendly,energy-savingandtravelsatanamazingspeed?savingandtravelsatanamazingspeed?ACAC 第65页4.Hismemorybroughthimbacktothe4.Hismemorybroughthimbacktothespringof1998whenhemetherforspringof1998whenhemetherforthefirsttime.thefirsttime.ACAC 5.Manyparentsdonotunderstand5.Manyparentsdonotunderstandwhytheirchildrenliketotrynewwhytheirchildrenliketotrynewthingsandbedifferent.thi