雪桃示范种植基地项目可行性研究报告.doc

in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it is said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未来At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. Where have you been hiding ? she asked impatiently. Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already. As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不觉得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor-everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffreys closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadnt. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道In l858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one mile tunnel across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea-level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an目 录第一章 总 论4一.项目概况4二.可行性研究报告编制依据5三.项目编制的原则5四.研究范围6五.主要技术经济指标6六.结 论7第二章 项目提出的背景及建设的必要性8一.*情概况8二.项目提出的背景及必要性9三.建设项目的可行性10第三章 建设场址及场地建设条件11一.建设场址11二.场址建设条件12第四章 建设规模14一.建设规模14二.主要技术经济指标15第五章 技术方案和工程方案16（一）技术方案16（二）工程方案23第六章 市场分析及原材料供应24一、市场分析24二、原材料供应24第七章 项目总体布置24一、总体布置24二、运输25三、场内运输设施及设备26第八章 节水措施27一、节水措施27二、水耗指标分析27第九章 环境影响评价27一、场址环境条件28二、项目对环境影响因素分析28三、环境保护设施与投资29四、环境影响评价31第十章 经营管理31一、项目法人组建方案31二、管理机构设置方案31第十一章 项目实施进度32一.建设工期32二.项目实施进度安排32三.项目实施进度表（横线图）33第十二章 投资估算与资金筹措35一.投资估算35二.资金筹措38第十三章 财务评价39一.财务评价基础数据与参数选取39二.项目销售收入估算39第十四章 社会评价42一.项目对社会的影响分析42二.项目与所在地互适性分析42三.社会风险分析43四.社会评价结论43第十五章 风险分析43一.项目主要风险因素识别43二.风险程度分析43三.防范和降低风险对策46第十六章 结论与建议46附图、附表、附件47一.附图47二.附件47*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目可行性研究报告第一章 总 论为贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于发展现代农业、扎实有效推进社会主义新农村建设的战略部署，全力推进我县农业生产产业向规模化、规范化、优质、安全、高效的产业化方向发展，针对县域气候条件和生态环境，土地资源潜力大，而且有着广泛群众种植传统经验的技术基础，带动农户面广，增收效益好，投资回报率高，是调整县域产业结构、推动生物产业创新、生态社会经济明显的宗旨，根据我县产业基础薄弱、规模小、生产率低，不能满足市场需求的现状，结合*农业“十一五”和“十二五”发展规划和农业产业发展政策，因地制宜、科学规划、合理布局，编制本可行性研究报告。一. 项目概况1 项目名称: *雪桃示范种植基地建设项目2 项目性质：新建3 项目实施单位：*4 项目法人：5 项目主管单位：*农业局6 项目实施地点：*镇*村委会7 建设规模及主要内容雪桃示范种植758亩（用订单方式与当地80户农民合作种植雪桃242亩和企业种植258亩），年产雪桃432吨。二. 可行性研究报告编制依据1. 中华人民共和国环境保护法。2. 国家和地方经济建设的方针、政策和长远规划。3. 国家和地方有关的工程技术标准和规范。4. 政府主管部门规定用于项目规划的参数和指标。5. 地方自然、地理、气象、水文和地质等资料。6. 项目周围的社会环境、基础设施和施工条件。7. 有关市场需求调查、分析和预测资料。三. 项目编制的原则1. 结合现状地形合理安排功能布局，强调建设项目的可操作性和前瞻性；2. 开发建设项目的各项基础设施要充分满足种植、保鲜存储、生活等各项功能的需要，做到规模适宜，分区明确，功能齐全，实用方便，符合有关规范要求，保证种植、保鲜存储及生活需求。3. 优化设计方案，节约建设投资，使可行性研究切实可靠。充分利用现有地形，合理布局，注意节约土地、节约能源和环境保护，使建设投资经济有效。四. 研究范围本项目研究的主要范围有：1. 对*社会、经济状况，农业综合开发现状等方面进行全面调查分析，研究分析*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目与当地社会、经济发展的适应程度，对项目建设的投资必要性，主要建设条件，工程技术、社会效益等方面的初步可行性进行分析研究，提出项目建设的理由和依据。2. 评价工程项目的建设规模，建设标准以及建设条件。3. 综合各方面论证成果，择优选定工程项目的实施方案，对其投资结果，社会及经济效益作进一步分析评价，衡量工程建设的初步可行性程度，为上级主管部门决策提供科学依据。五. 主要技术经济指标（主要技术经济指标表详见下页）主要技术经济指标表序号项目名称单位数量备注1规划用地面积亩148.002种植面积亩128.003现有建筑面积m21056.00（1）仓储面积m2400.00（2）办公居住面积m2656.004道路m3500.005区内沟渠m1200.006工程总投资万元1306.17六. 结 论1. 雪桃种植项目的地域地理位置及环境条件较好，外部建设条件优越，交通便捷，水、电等生活公用设施可以满足*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目的需要。2. 该项目的实施建设符合省、州、县的产业结构发展思路，符合我县“十二五”规划和县域经济发展规划。项目所选的种植品种市场良好，也适宜于我县的气候条件和生态环境，土地资源潜力大，而且有着广泛群众种植传统经验的技术基础，带动农户面广，增收效益好，投资回报率高，是调整县域产业结构、推动生物产业创新、生态社会经济明显的好项目，项目有很好的可行性，望上级有关部门给予立项和发展扶持。 第二章 项目提出的背景及建设的必要性一. *情概况*白族普族自治县位于云南西北高原的三江并流纵谷区，隶属怒江州傈僳自治州，东与丽江、剑川接壤，西与褔贡、泸水相连，南接云龙、北邻维西，南北长107公里，东西宽67公里， 国土总面积4388平方公里地，折合6582791.7亩，山区占95%，森林覆盖率68%。县境内最低海拔米，相对高差3075.3米，平均气温在10.712.6之间，年平均气温13.7。年降雨量1007.4毫米，无霜期190天，形成典型的 立体型低纬度高海拔山地季风气候，气候资源丰富，形成丰富的生物资源而被人们称为“天然物种基因库”，境内山势险峻，森林茂密，蕴藏有丰富的矿产资源、生物资源、水能资源和旅游文化资源，被誉为“有色金属王国”、“植物王国”、“天然物种基因库”、“民族文化大观园”。但由于历史等诸多因素的制约，直到现在*仍然是我省73个国家扶贫开发工作重点县之一，集贫困、民族、山区、资源富集“四位一体”。是全国少有的资源富饶而又亟待开发的欠发达少数民族自治县，是二元经济结构十分突出的典型县份。县内山区丰富的土地资源可开发利用，土壤有9个土类，14个亚类，17个土属，47个土种和7个变种，以棕壤、黄壤为主。在云岭山脉腹地的广大山区有着丰富的土地资源，生态环境优良，没有现代工业的污染，是开展规模化种植中药材的理想之地。全县辖8个乡镇，102个村民委员会，7个社区，801个村民小组，总人口21万人，少数民族人口占93.5%，其中农业人口16万人，占86.67%；2009年，全县完成生产总值21.64亿元，财政总收入5.6亿元，地方财政一般预算收入2.9亿元，粮食总产量7574万公斤，农民人均纯收入1709元。人均有粮436公斤。 鉴于*是一个资源丰富而欠发达的农业贫困县，开发利用山区丰富的土地资源和生物资源加大力度培育县域生物产业，特别是雪桃种植是促进农业产业结构调整，是解决农民增收，解决农村贫穷落后问题的有效途径。二. 项目提出的背景及必要性*地处西南边陲横断山脉，地形复杂，有色金属矿产丰富，改革开放以来，在各级党委和政府的领导下，整体经济有了很大的发展，但基本上是围绕有色金属资源的开发而发展的，而农业方面虽然也有一定的发展，但相比工业的发展，还是相对滞后，而且由于近几年来随着大矿的开发，流动人口的增加，另外由于人民群众对物质生活的要求提高，消费理念也在逐步改善，就我县目前的农业产业结构来说，都是一些传统农业，农产品单一，产量不高，而且科技含量低，不要说是外销，单就自给都满足不了，都要靠从外地调运大量的蔬菜、水果来满足市场的需求，这样无疑就造成运输成本的增加，而且果蔬的销售都有一定的时效性，这样销售价格也提高了，而且外调的果蔬始终不是那么新鲜，增加了人民群众的负担，还不一定买到新鲜的、好的产品。我县传统农业向现代高科技农业的迈进的发展步伐也相对迟缓，到目前为止还没有一家具有一定规模的农业产业企业，能够积极的带动农业产业的调整，我企业从2008年初，引进技术，引进优良的品种，目前已经种植成功了307亩（其中公司种植了128亩，从定单农业做起，发动和带领周边群众35户种植了179亩），种植规模逐步发展壮大，从市场出发，打破传统的农业格局，已经打下了一定的基础，而且从市场的需求情况、从农业产业结构的调整，积极响应国家退耕还林政策，响应州政府提出的建立百万亩林果基地的政策，决心将企业建设成为从事种植、养殖、贮藏、加工、销售为一体的多元化公司的条件已逐步成熟，这对农业产业化的调整都会起到积极的作用，而且根本上改变了当地农民群众的耕作观念，带领广大的农民群众一起脱贫致富。三. 建设项目的可行性建设“*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目”（以下称“雪桃种植项目”。在项目建设中，引进省内外具有实力的雪桃种植企业提供种源，在基地建设中，主要是引种训化雪桃品种，借助县农业局和省内外科研机构提供科技支撑，在资金使用上，以 “*雪桃示范种植园”所隶属的*物流有限责任公司作为县域雪桃基地建设的载体和龙头企业，将自筹及争取到的全部资金集中投入，为县域农业综合开发项目打造公司与农户利益共同体，用“公司+基地+农户”和“产、供、销一条龙”机制进行经营，在*镇打造全县雪桃种植开发建设示范区，实现农业产业化发展。该雪桃示范种植基地建设项目切实可行。 第三章 建设场址及场地建设条件一. 建设场址1. 建设地点及位置 *物流有限责任公司雪桃种植项目建设以*镇为中心片区，该项目地地处东经99度,北纬26度，属滇西北横断山山脉区，*城东部，世界自然遗产“三江并流”的南大门，该镇位于*城西北方，东与丽江、剑川相壤，南与剑川县的老君山镇和本县的金顶两镇相邻，西与石登乡接壤，北与河西乡相邻，距县城37公里，境内最高海拔3688米，最低海拔2237米。平均海拔为2400米，年平均气温12，年平均降雨量1090mm，年霜期210天，森林覆盖率为69%。全镇辖13个村民委员会，87个自然村，120个村民小组。土地总面积520平方公里，2009年末，全镇有4948户，有21056人，其中农业人口20997人，占全镇总人口的96%；该镇是一个资源丰富而欠发达的农业贫困乡镇，开发利用山区丰富的土地资源和生物资源加大力度培育县域生物产业，特别是林果的种植是促进农业产业结构调整，解决农民增收，解决农村生态恶化和贫穷落后问题的有效途径。2. 场址占地面积及土地权属*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目总占地面积520亩：用订单方式与当地80户农民合作种植雪桃242亩和企业种植258亩（为企业法人自家拥有70年经营和使用权的林地273亩和新开垦荒地5亩），共计500亩雪桃示范种植基地和20亩生产生活用地。3. 场址现状*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目位于*镇*村委会辖区范围内，周边环境优越，场地所处位置交通便利、水源充足，适宜农牧业发展。二. 场址建设条件1. 建设场地范围及环境*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目以*镇为中心片区，该地地处东经99度,北纬26度，属滇西北横断山山脉区，*城东部，世界自然遗产“三江并流”的南大门，该镇位于*城西北方，东与丽江、剑川相壤，南与剑川县的老君山镇和本县的金顶两镇相邻，西与石登乡接壤，北与河西乡相邻，距县城37公里，境内最高海拔3688米，最低海拔2237米。平均海拔为2400米，年平均气温12，年平均降雨量1090mm，年霜期210天，森林覆盖率为69%。2. 地形地貌、气候及水文地质条件1) 地形地貌场地地形属高海拔山地，最高海拔3688米，最低海拔2237米，平均海拔2450米，地形情况复杂，种植区域大部分属荒山荒地。2) 气候条件气候属于低纬度山地季风气候，因海拔高差较大、地形复杂、大气环流，形成了典型的垂直温差大于水平温差，立体气候特点突出、有高原坝区暧湿气候和中山温湿气候并存的垂直气候带特性，全境属暧温带中温带高原山地季风气候。历年最高气温31.9,最低达零下10.6，霜期210天，平均气温12。历年最高降水量1114.9毫米，最少688毫米，平均1090毫米。3) 水文地质条件地表水、地下水较丰富，地下水位埋深于6.28.4m之间，属空隙水，属强透水性地层，富水性强，水量大。3. 交通运输条件*雪桃示范种植基地建设项目用地范围内已有乡镇公路通过，交通运输便利，但因路基部分未作任何处理，若遇雨季降雨量较大时会发生塌方现象，局部影响到交通运输。4. 社会环境条件全镇辖13个村民委员会，87个自然村，120个村民小组。土地总面积520平方公里，2009年末，全乡有4948户，有21056人其中农业人口20997人，占全乡总人口的96%；该乡镇是一个资源丰富而欠发达的农业贫困县，开发利用山区丰富的土地资源和生物资源加大力度培育县域生物产业，特别是林果业的种植是促进农业产业结构调整，解决农民增收，解决农村贫穷落后问题的有效途径。 第四章 建设规模一. 建设规模1. 种植规模雪桃品种目前为我国最大的冬桃品种，含糖量高（19.6%），口感甜脆，加之成熟期正值中秋佳节，10月初，该段时间我国南方的主要水果成熟上市接近销售完全，上市水果较少，水果价格上涨，市场销售相对好，而且雪桃果实极耐贮运，常温下可贮运35天左右，为运输销售提供了有利的条件，为进入大中城市的销售市场提供了时间。该品种果树适应性强，抗特耐瘠薄，山地、丘陵、平地均可种植，要求海拔19002680m，土壤要求PH5.57.5之间，耐寒。目前我国适宜种植地为山东、云南等地，但国内目前规模种植的还很少，2006年云南丽江园艺站与昆明新知图书城合资种植建成200亩，产品拟全部出口美国，对我企业在省内的销售市场无任何影响，我企业种植基地选址在*镇*村，该基地海拔2420m，土壤PH5.75.9，昼夜温差大，极适应雪桃的种植，目前企业已种植30亩，3000多株，成活率高，生长良好，现已进入盛果期，企业拟于2011年初扩大种植面积，将优质雪桃种植增加120亩，2万多株达到规模，产生一定的规模效益。2. 进场道路总长1.2千米，宽4米；其中：水泥路面0.6千米，毛路0.6千米。二. 主要技术经济指标序号项目名称单位数量备注1规划用地面积亩148.002种植面积亩128.003现有建筑面积m21056.00（1）仓储面积m2400.00（2）办公居住面积m2656.004