英语句子成分附练习和答案省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

英语句子成份第1页4种基本成份+2种修饰成份基本成份主语谓语动词宾语补足语修饰成份状语（用来修饰动词 状语修饰对象不限于动词）定语（用来修饰名词）第2页关系图句子成份基本成份修饰成份关键成份谓语成份主语谓语宾语补语直接宾语间接宾语主语补足语（表语）（表语）宾语补足语定语（修饰名词）状语（修饰动词）第3页句子成份句子成份属性主语、宾语名词性谓语动词性补足语名词性或形容词性状语副词性定语形容词性第4页5 种基本句型-动词决定句型动词类型型5种基本句型种基本句型不及物动词1.不带宾语主+谓及物动词2.带一个宾语主+谓+直宾3.带两个宾语主+谓+间宾+直宾4.带宾语和宾语补足语主+谓+直宾+宾补系动词5.带主语补足语主+谓（系）+表1.Herlovedied.2.Shelovedme.3.Shegavemeakiss.4.Shemademehappy.5.Sheislovable.第5页动词决定句型，但动词决定不了状语和定语存在是否，或者说，状语和定语填补动词语义空缺。第6页给以下短文划分句子成份。LosersLookforQuickFixesTherearetwowaysofgettingridofweedsinyouryard:theeasywayandthenot-so-easyway.(1)Theeasywaymaybetorunalawnmowerand(2)theyardlooksfineforawhile,butthatisatemporaryanswer.Soontheweedsareback.But(3)thenot-so-easywaymaymeangettingdownonyourhandsandkneesandpullingouttheweedsbytheroots.Itistime-consumingandpainful,but(4)theweedswillstayawayforalongertime.(5)Thefirstsolutionappearedeasy,but(6)theproblemremained.Thesecondsolutionwasnotsoeasy,buttookcareoftheproblemfromtheroots.(7)Thekeyistogettherootoftheproblem.Thesamethingistrueofourattitudeinlife.Theproblemwithpeopletodayisthat(8)theywantinstantanswer.(9)Theyarelookingforone-minutesolutionstoeverything.Justlikeinstantcoffee,theywantinstanthappiness.Therearenoquickfixes.(10)Thisattitudeleadstodisappointmentorevenfailure.第7页(1)Theeasywaymaybetorunalawnmower(2)theyardlooksfinefor a while(3)thenot-so-easywaymaymeangettingdownon your hands and knees andpullingouttheweedsby the roots.(4)theweedswillstayawayfor a longer time.(5)Thefirstsolutionappearedeasy,主主主主主表/主补表/主补 时间状语表/主补 时间状语谓谓谓谓谓宾第8页(6)theproblemremained.(7)Thekeyistogettherootoftheproblem.(8)theywantinstant answer.(9)Theyarelookingforone-minutesolutions（toeverything）.(10)Thisattitudeleadstodisappointmentorevenfailure.主谓主主主主谓谓谓谓表/主补 宾宾宾宾补定第9页主语 谓语动作执行者主语能够省略。主语形式结构：Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.第10页宾语 动作承受者动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）介词后名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.第11页谓语 说明主语动作、状态和特征必不可少；决定句子结构；谓语形式结构-动词WestudyEnglish.Helikesplayingthegames.第12页宾语 动作承受者动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）介词后名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.第13页补语 补充说明名词成份，通常出现在主语或宾语后边。宾语补足语.主语补足语（表语）；补足语形式结构：Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语）Dontlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）Illhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.第14页系动词befeel,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear,become,grow,get,turn,fall,go,comecontinue,remain,stay,keep第15页状语-状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目等。Theboyneedsapenverymuch.（程度状语）Theboyneedsverymuchthepenboughtbyhismother.（宾语较长则状语前置）Theboyreallyneedsapen.（程度状语）Theboyneedsapennow./Now,theboyneedsapen./Theboy,now,needsapen.（时间状语）Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.（地点状语）Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy.(条件状语)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.(时间状语)Hesitsthere,askingforapen.（表示伴随状态）Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen.（原因状语）Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly.（原因状语）Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.（目状语）Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.（目状语）第16页定语 修饰名词TheboyThecuteboyThecuteboyinbluejeansThecuteboywearingbluejeansThecuteboywhoiswearingbluejeansismybrother.第17页同位语 名词短语补语成份名词才有同位语；同位语即名词补足语；省略同位语，句子意思完整。My uncle,my mothers brother,died of cancer when he was 47.I have no idea when they will be back and settle down.第18页Moreexercise划分句子成份。1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity7.-Iloveyoumorethanherchild8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.9.Theypushedthedooropen.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.第19页Moreexercise划分句子成份。11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.15.Dontgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike16.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.17.HedidntcomeThatiswhyhedidntknow18.Sheshowedushermanyofherpictures.19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.20.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.第20页Moreexercise划分句子成份。21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany22.Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatitshardformetofindhim23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfilitthismonth.24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.25.Wemustdowhateverthepeoplewantustodo.26.Atlasthegothome,tiredandhungry.27.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?28Maryhandedherhomeworktotheteacher.29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?30.Illgetmyhaircuttomorrow.第21页Key答案分析以下句子成份1.主语系动词表语 2.主语系动词表语 3.主语动词宾语宾语补足语 4.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语5.主语及物动词宾语 6.主语动词形式宾语 it宾语补足语+宾语7.主语及物动词宾语 8.主语系动词表语 9.主语动词宾语宾语补足语 10.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语11.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 12 主语及物动词宾语13.主语及物动词宾语 14.主语动词宾语宾语补足语15.主语系动词表语 16.主语动词宾语宾语补足语17.主语系动词表语 18.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语19.主语不及物动词 20.主语不及物动词21.主语系动词表语 22.主语系动词表语 23.主语及物动词宾语 24.主语不及物动词 25.主语及物动词宾语 26.主语不及物动词 27.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 28.主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 29.主语及物动词宾语 30.主语动词宾语宾语补足语第22页