安徽大学外语学院基础英语历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目 录 2002 年安徽大学 318 基础英语考研真题及详解.4 2003 年安徽大学 318 基础英语考研真题及详解.12 2004 年安徽大学 608 基础英语考研真题及详解.21 2005 年安徽大学 324 基础英语考研真题及详解.31 2006 年安徽大学 318 基础英语考研真题及详解.41 2007 年安徽大学 608 基础英语考研真题及详解.51 2008 年安徽大学 608 基础英语考研真题及详解.71 2009 年安徽大学 608 基础英语考研真题及详解.84 2010 年安徽大学 608 基础英语考研真题及详解.99 说明：往年科目代码是 608、618 等，科目名称是“基础英语”。本书精心搜集了市面上的历年真题，并整理了答案详解，备考价值尤为珍贵！若需要纸质内容，可以申请定制打印版，详情咨询在线客服！2002 年安徽大学 318 基础英语考研真题及详解 .Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.(10%)1.As the boat bound for Nanjing leaves only on _ days,we had no choice but to stay in the hotel overnight.A.alternative B.separate C.alternate D.successive【答案】C【解析】句意：开往南京的火车隔天才发，我们除了整晚呆在旅馆别无选择。alternative 供选择的；交替的。separate单独的；分开的。alternate 交替的；轮流的。successive 连续的；依次的。on alternate days 属于固定搭配，意为“隔天”。故正确答案为 C。2.Id like to buy the radio,but I havent got any money on me at the moment.Could you _ for me for a day or two?A.put it out B.put it by C.take it in D.lay it in【答案】B【解析】句意：我想买这台收音机，但我现在没钱，能帮我留上一天两天吗？put out 扑灭。put by 放在旁边。take in 理解。lay in 躺在上。根据句意可知，put it by 最为符合。故正确答案为 B。3.The novelist is a highly _ person with great talent.A.imaginative B.imaginable C.imaginary D.imaginal【答案】A【解析】句意：这位小说家是一个极富想象力的人，具有非凡的才能。imaginative 富于想象力的。imaginable 可能的；可想象的。imaginary 虚构的；假想的。imaginal 形象的。根据句意可知，imaginative 最为符合。故正确答案为 A。4.Away from the busier roads,the _ atmosphere remains one of calm mediation and contentment.A.controlling B.prevailing C.dominant D.influential【答案】B【解析】句意：远离繁忙的道路，普遍的气氛仍然是平静的调解和知足。controlling 控制；管控。prevailing 流行的；最普通的。dominant 占优势的；支配的。influential 有影响力的；有势力的。根据句意可知，prevailing 最为符合。故正确答案为 B。5.Nowadays,a kind of _ grain that is twice as expensive as regular grain is becoming popular in Hefei.A.purified B.clarified C.whitened D.refined【答案】A【解析】句意：现在，一种比普通粮食贵一倍的精制谷物在合肥越来越受欢迎。purified 净化的；精制的。clarified澄清的；透明的。whitened 漂白的；刷白的。refined 微妙的；有教养的。根据句意可知，purified 最为符合。故正确答案为 A。6.Ocean-going vessels have often used flags to indicate their national _.A.homage B.allegiance C.obligation D.obedience【答案】B【解析】句意：远洋船只经常使用旗帜来表示他们效忠的国家。homage 敬意；尊敬。allegiance 效忠；忠诚。obligation义务；职责。obedience 服从；管辖。根据句意可知，allegiance 最为符合。故正确答案为 B。7.Einstein,who worked out his theory of relativity,lived to a _ old age.A.mature B.perfect C.ripe D.obedience【答案】C【解析】句意：研究出相对论的爱因斯坦活到了晚年。mature 成熟的；成年人的。perfect 完美的。ripe 成熟的；时机成熟的。obedience 服从；顺从。ripe old age 意为“晚年”。故正确答案为 C。8.Some people do not like to have their daily _ upset.A.system B.custom C.routine D.life【答案】C【解析】句意：有些人不喜欢让自己的日常生活烦恼。daily routine 属于固定搭配，表示“日常工作；日常生活”，符合句意。故正确答案为 C。9.All living creatures have some _ that are passed on from one generation to the next.A.properties B.aspects C.faculties D.attributes【答案】D【解析】句意：所有生物都有一些代代相传的特征。property 性能；财产。aspect 方面；形式。faculty 教员；学院。attribute 属性；特征。根据句意可知，attribute 最为符合。故正确答案为 D。10.The whole areas of national and local governments was subjected to a thorough financial _ and inefficiency and waste were attacked.A.search B.research C.survey D.scrutiny【答案】D【解析】句意：全国和地方政府的整个领域都受到了彻底的财政审查，效率低下和浪费都受到突击。search 搜寻；探究。research 研究；调查。survey 调查；测量。scrutiny 监视；细看。根据句意可知，scrutiny 最为符合。故正确答案为 D。.Choose the right word in the bracket in each of the following sentence.(10%)1.John was sentenced to three months imprisonment because he tried to _ tax by falsifying his returns.(evade/avoid)【答案】evade【解析】句意：因为约翰企图通过伪造申报表逃税，被判入狱三个月。avoid 避免；躲避。evade 意为“规避；逃避”，经常与 tax 搭配，表示“逃税”。故选择 evade。2.When writing the composition,be sure to write in every other line and leave a _.(edge/margin)【答案】margin【解析】句意：写作文时，一定要写在每一行，然后留一页边。edge 边缘；刀刃。margin 页边的空白；余裕。根据句意可知，选择 margin。3.After the accident when he came to his _,in a hospital bed,he asked about the safety of his colleagues.(senses/sensation)【答案】senses【解析】句意：senses 感觉；意义。sensation 感动；轰动。come to ones senses 意为“恢复知觉”。故选择 senses。4.The fourth-year students have _ opinions about what is the most important thing in life.(varied/various)【答案】various【解析】句意：四年级学生对生活中最重要的事情有不同的看法。varied 多变的；杂色的。various 各种各样的；多方面的。根据句意可知，various 最为符合。故选择 various。5.Since he was not in Shanghai when the first murder took place,the police find no reason to _ him now as he has something urgent to do in Beijing.(retain/detain)【答案】detain【解析】句意：由于第一次谋杀发生时他不在上海，警方现在没有理由拘留他，他在北京有急事要做。retain 保持；保留。detain 拘留；扣押。根据句意可知，detain 最为符合。故选择 detain。6.Travel can be a good _ to ones education because it breaks ones vision.(compliment/complement)【答案】complement【解析】句意：旅行是对一个人的教育的一个很好的补充，因为它拓宽了一个人的视野。compliment 恭维；问候。complement 补语；补充。根据句意可知，complement 最为符合。故选择 complement。7.The black people were indignant about the _ lip-service of the politicians who made promises to them which they know could not be kept.(flagrant/fragrant)【答案】flagrant【解析】句意：黑人对政客们公然的口头承诺表示愤慨，他们作出了承诺，而黑人知道这些承诺是无法兑现的。flagrant 公然的；明目张胆的。fragrant 芳香的；愉快的。根据句意可知，flagrant 最为符合。故选择 flagrant。8.The directors _ remark,uttered in a malicious way,greatly hurt the young secretary.(contemptuous/contemptible)【答案】contemptuous【解析】句意：主任轻蔑的话语，以一种恶意的方式，极大地伤害了年轻的秘书。contemptuous 轻蔑的；侮辱的。contemptible 可鄙的；可轻视的。根据句意可知，contemptuous 最为符合。故选择 contemptuous。9.The former world boxing champion wanted us to get in touch with his _ adviser for the charge.(legal/lawful)【答案】legal【解析】句意：这位前世界拳击冠军希望我们与他的法律顾问取得联系。legal 法律的；合法的。lawful 合法的；法定的。legal adviser 属于固定搭配，意为“法律顾问”。故选择 legal。10.The teachers animated way of teaching will _ quick response from the students in language teaching.(illicit/elicit)【答案】elicit【解析】句意：这位老师生动的教学方式能引起学生对语言教学的快速反应。illicit 违法的；不正当的。elicit 抽出；引出。elicit response 属于常用搭配，表示“引起的反应”。故选择 elicit。.Replace each underlined phrase with an appropriate word group listed below.(10%)1.Please dont resent our reply,but youve going all along the line.【答案】in every respects【解析】句意：请不要怨恨我们的答复，但你已经处处这样做了。all along the line 意为“处处；全面地”。in every respects 在每一方面；各个方面，与 all along the line 意义相近。所以选择 in every respects。2.Your friendship will soon fall through because your friends will recognize insincerity.【答案】come to nothing【解析】句意：你的友谊很快就会破裂，因为你的朋友会认识到你的不真诚。fall through 意为“落空；失败”，这里指友谊破裂。come to nothing 与 fall through 意义相近，均表示“失败”。所以选择 come to nothing。3.Xiao Wang said that he was out of sorts and didnt feel equal to the task assigned him.【答案】not well【解析】句意：小王说他心情很不好，觉得分配给他的任务不公平。out of sorts 意为“心情不佳；身体不适”。not well 与 out of sorts 意义接近，意为“不爽；身体不佳”。所以选择 not well。4.His grandmother was in a flutter when she was expecting a city official who would visit the Neighborhood Committee where she worked.【答案】in a state of nervous excitement【解析】句意：他的祖母等着一个城市官员去拜访她工作的社区委员会时，感到心慌意乱。in a flutter 意为“心慌意乱；心绪不宁”。in a state of nervous excitement 与 in a flutter 意义相近，表示“心情紧张”。所以选择 in a state of nervous excitement。5.Wheres the child?I hope hes not up to any of his old tricks again!【答案】engaged in【解析】句意：那孩子在哪里？我希望他再也不会玩老把戏了！up to 意为“正在做；忙于”。engaged in 与 up to意义相近，均表示“忙于”。所以选择 engaged in。6.When sally was unjustly blamed,she retorted heatedly.She wouldnt take things lying down.【答案】submit without opposition【解析】句意：萨莉受到不公正的指责时，她进行了激烈地反驳。她不会轻易认输。take things lying down 意为“轻易认输”。submit without opposition 与 take things lying down 意义接近，表示“没有反对就屈服了”。所以选择 submit without opposition。7.To begin with,not all the English remain loyal and firm to Englishness.【答案】hold fast to【解析】句意：首先，并非所有的英国人都对英国范保持忠诚和坚定。firm to 意为“坚定于；坚持”。hold fast to与 firm to 意义接近，表示“紧紧抓住；坚持”。所以选择 hold fast to。8.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot be subverted by hostile powers.【答案】become the prey of【解析】句意：但是，这种希望的和平革命不会被敌对势力破坏。be subverted by 意为“被破坏”。become the in every respects in great disorder in a state of nervous excitement hold fast to wandering about freely submit without opposition come to nothing become the prey of not well engaged in prey of 与 be subverted by 意义接近，意为“成为的牺牲品”。所以选择 become the prey of。9.The family had left in a hurry,leaving everything at sixes and sevens.【答案】in great disorder【解析】句意：这家人匆匆离去，把一切都弄得乱七八糟。at sixes and sevens 意为“乱七八糟”。in great disorder与 at sixes and sevens 意义接近，表示“乌七八糟；七零八落”。所以选择 in great disorder。10.It is disturbing to think that a dangerous tiger is still at large in the quiet countryside.【答案】wandering about freely【解析】句意：想到在宁静的乡村里有一只危险的老虎还逍遥法外，真令人不安。at large 意为“未被捕的；逍遥法外的”。wandering about freely 与 at large 意义接近，表示“自由地闲逛”。所以选择 wandering about freely。.Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence above it.(20%)1.Only after doing dull repetitive work on the waterfront could he compose sentence in the back of his mind.It was _.【答案】It was after doing dull repetitive work on the waterfront that he could compose sentence in the back of his mind.【解析】本题考查强调句式 It is/was+被强调部分+who/that.。注意原句使用了部分倒装，转换句子时要把倒装的部分放回原位。2.He persuaded me to believe that both children and mature people thrive on dull routine.He convinced _.【答案】He convinced me of believing both children and mature people thrive on dull routine.【解析】convince 用作及物动词，主要意思是“使信服，使确信”，指通过讲道理、摆事实使人在理性上对问题具有认识或表示信服，后面可跟从句，of 引起的短语，人称代词和名词。3.Tom was unable to do any thinking and composing on the companys time this frequently made him depressed.His frequent _.【答案】His frequent depression was caused by failing to do any thinking and composing on the companys time.【解析】本题将主语转换成了“他经常感到抑郁的原因”，将形容词 depressed 转换成名词 depression。4.We had just finished expressing our opinions about beauty when he stood up to say the opposite.No sooner _.【答案】No sooner had we finished expressing our opinions about beauty than he stood up to say the opposite.【解析】本题考察 no sooner.than.句式，意为“一就”，使用部分倒装，将助动词had 提前。5.A big fire destroyed many of the old buildings in ancient Athens.The destruction _.【答案】The destruction caused by a big fire involved many of the old buildings in ancient Athens.【解析】本题将主语转换成了“古雅典建筑的毁灭”，将原因大火做状语即可，使用被动式。6.They refused to promise some of the capable,thoughtful women on the pretext of the shortage of funds.The excuse _.【答案】The excuse they made for refusing to promise some of the capable,thoughtful women was the shortage of funds.【解析】on the pretext of 意为“以为借口”，the excuse 意为“借口”，即将“借口”转变为了主语，可以使用省略 that 的定语从句。7.As the Confederate soldiers fought longer,they became increasingly tired,underfed and poorly clothed.The longer _.【答案】The longer the Confederate soldiers fought,the more tired,underfed and poorly they became.【解析】本题考查 the more.the more.句式，意为“越是就越是”，more 后面接形容词。8.Many had already handled in the paper when she remembered she had to tell the difference between a proverb and a parable.It was not _.【答案】It was not until many had already handled in the paper that she remembered she had to tell the difference between a proverb and a parable.【解析】本题考查 it was not until.that.句式，也可以使用 it was not until.did.句式，均表示“直到才”。后者需要使用倒装，将助动词提前。9.Whenever I go to the bank with its unique architecture,it is always full of people.I have never _.【答案】I have never been alone to go to the bank with its unique architecture.【解析】由于句子表示每次去银行都是挤满了人，所以可以转换成“我从没有独自去过银行”（因为总是有人）。10.Even though I tried to understand the implied meaning the author meant to convey.I couldnt make head or tail of it.Despite _.【答案】Despite trying to understand the implied meaning the author meant to convey,I couldnt make head or tail of it.【解析】even though 属于连词，后面接完整的句子。despite 属于介词，后面接动词 ing 形式。.Fill in each blank with an appropriate word with the letter given below.(10%)In recent years,euthanasia has again sparked a worldwide debate over the moral and legal implications of the act.On the one hand,euthanasia frees fatal patients from(1)u_ physical pains and the families of fatal patients from heavy(2)f_ burdens.On the other hand,the doctor who(3)p_ euthanasia on patients with fatal illness with no hope of recovery are(4)o_ condemned by many people and(5)a_ of the so-called“assisted murder”.The point of the(6)i_ is whether the society should(7)i_ its values upon the patients.We may ask what(8)e_ would be moral difference be(9)b_ seeing a patient die in pain(10)a_ ending his or her life in(11)p_.Is it morally justified to(12)d_ lengthen the time of the patients(13)s_,the suffering that(14)s_ no end?There is no reason to think that euthanasia conflicts fundamentally with the(15)e_ values in terms of social(16)n_.After all,the world is changing and what has existed is not(17)a_ justifiable.In any case,it is(18)p_ to make laws that will provide an opportunity for the practice of(19)t_ euthanasia according to the patients own wish(20)w_ preventing real murder.【答案与解析】1.unbearable（根据文章内容，“安乐死”是为了帮助身患绝症的人摆脱病痛的，而这种病痛通常都是到了“难以忍受的程度”，所以才想要解脱。由提示 u 可推测为 unbearable。）2.financial（由逻辑推测，得绝症的病人通常都会花大量的费用维续生命，通常会给家庭带来经济负担，故填 financial。）3.practiced（根据文意，此处句子指给病人“实施”安乐死的医生，由提示字母 p 可知是动词 practice，填过去式表示过去“实施过”这样的手术的医生。）4.often（根据逻辑推测，给绝症病人实施安乐死“通常”都会受到外界职责。故填 often。）5.accused（be accused of 属于固定搭配，意为“被指控为”，根据上下文，这里指医生被指控为协助谋杀。）6.issue（本篇文章都是在讨论“安乐死”这一问题，根据提示字母 i 可知此处填 issue。）7.impose（impose upon 属于固定搭配，表示“强加于”，即此处表示将这一价值观强加给病人，填 impose 符合文章逻辑。）8.exactly（what exactly would be 意为“到底是什么”，根据文章内容，即意为道德上有何区别。）9.between（此处缺少介词 between 表示“目睹患者痛苦地死去”和“安乐中结束他们的生命”之间道德上的区别。）10.and（此处缺少连接词 and，将相比较的两个成分连接。）11.peace（in peace 意为“在安乐中”，符合上下文对于“安乐死”的讨论，即表示让病人安详地死去。）12.deliberately（根据上下文，与安乐死相对的，就是有意去延长绝症病人痛苦的生命。故此处填 deliberately，意为“故意地。）13.suffering（根据上下文推测，且空白处后面出现了 suffering，可知这里是表示延续病人的痛苦。）14.sees（根据填空处前面的 suffering 和后面的 no end 推测，这里指病人受的折磨“看不到头”，即固定搭配 see no end。the suffering 为单数，故用第三人称单数形式。）15.existing（本句意指安乐死与社会现存的价值观并不存在根本性冲突。根据提示字母e可知填 existing，表示“现存的”。）16.norms（根据提示字母 n，可推测为固定词组 social norms，意为“社会规范；社会准则”，符合句意。）17.always（根据上下文，且本句中出现了 after all，所以句子表转折；同时空白处前后有 be 动词和形容词，推测此处缺少副词 always，意为存在的东西并不总是合理的。）18.practical（根据下文提到的“制定法律”，依照病人意愿实施安乐死，推测这种方法是比较“实用的”，即 practical。）19.true（推测安乐死前面缺少形容词，而根据句子后面提到的 real murder，可知这里表示对比，即“真正的安乐死”，故填 true。）20.while（此处指按照法律规定，依据病人的意愿实施安乐死，既可以帮助病人解脱，又可以预防真正的谋杀，故填连接词 while。）.Proofreading and error correction.(20%)The following passage contains 8 errors.Each line contains a maximum of one error,and two are free from error.In each case only one word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it.【答案与解析】1.删除 the（此处的 most 并不表示 obvious 的最高级，而是用作副词修饰 obvious，表示较高的程度，所以前面不能加the。）2.butand（根据上下文，此处表示并列关系而非转折，即“不存在语法意义的单词，专家们把它叫做空词。”）3.into（as opposed to 属于固定搭配，后面接介词 to，意思是“与相比”。）4.misledmisleading（此处应当为修饰 way 的形容词，misled 为 mislead 的过去式，不做形容词。故改为 misleading，意为“令人误解的；引入歧途的”。）5.6.singleonly/sole（句子想要表达的意思是“这是意义差别上的唯一载体”，而 single 表示“单一的；单个”，only 或 sole 才表示“唯一一个”。）7.asin 或者 astheto（联系上下文，此处的意思是“语法词在某些方面也有相当的差异”，as to 有“关于”或者“在某方面”的意思；将 as 改为 in，用 differ from sth.in.，也可表达这个意思。）8.9.aslike 或 as 前添加 such（此处意为“我们认为我们有像 go,man,say 和 car 这样的词汇。”as 一般用作比较，而 like 和 such as 才用于举例。）10.numberdeal（obscurity 属于不可数名词，a number of 一般接可数名词，故将 number 改为 deal。）The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words.A rough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“less meaning”,(1)_ but in fact some grammarians have called them“empty”words as (2)_ opposed in the“full”words of vocabulary.But this is a rather (3)_ misled way of expressing the distinction.Although a word like“the”(4)_ is not the name of something as man is,it is very far from (5)_ being meaningless;there is a sharp difference in meaning between“man