新概念二册形容词最高级和比较级.doc

NCE2-8: Comparative and Superlative of adjective/Adverb一: 形容词/副词的位置及其区别：A:形容词的位置：在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 口诀：(有be用形有形用be)B:副词的位置：一般放在be动词，形容词或实义动词的后面，位置比较灵活，修饰形容词，副词，动词二：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级范围：比较级只能用在两者之间进行比较，表示“比较.”最高级是三者或者三者以上的比较，表示“最”最高级前面一定要加the.三: 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化：分为规则变化和不规则变化; A: 规则变化：(比较级结尾以er结尾，最高级结尾以est结尾)变化规律形容词副词 1:大多数形容词的比较级一般在词尾直接加er，最高级在词尾加estshortshortershortesttalltallertallest fastfasterfastest2:以字母e 结尾的形容词比较级加r，最高级在词尾加st nicenicernicest latelaterlatest largelargerlargestlatelater-latest3：以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i比较级加-er , 最高级加estearlyearlierearliestheavy heavierheaviest;busybusierbusiest earlyearlier-earliest4：以重读闭音节以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾:应双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级再加er,最高级加estbigbiggerbiggest; fatfatterfattest; hothotterhottest; thinthinnerthinnest;5: 多音节形容词或部分双音节形容词变比较级在前面加more,最高级在前加mostbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful importantmore importantmost beautifulslowlymore slowlymost slowlycarfullymore carefullymost varfullyB: 不规则的变化;形容词原级 副词原形比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestmany/muchmuchmoremostlittlelittlelessleastill/bad/badlyworseworstfarfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest注：older 一般指年龄大小 / elder指长幼关系(一般修饰名词作定语My father is older than my mother.My elder brother is a driver.farther指距离更远/further指抽像的. I want to study English further. further reading四：句型运用：A: 比较级基本句型：1：原级比较（同级比较）：结构: 肯定形式：as/ so形容词、副词的原级as.，否定形式：not as/so形容词、副词的原级as.第一个as前可用just，almost，nearly和half等表示程度。He doesnt study half so hard as you. 他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。I am as good as he is.当as as中间有名词时,采用以下格式as+adj.+ a/an+可数名词单数 +asas much+不可数名词+as，as many+可数名词复数as -和一样多的某物举例：He is as good an example as his brother.Bob read as _ books as Mary.There is as _ water in this bottle as in that bottle.2、结构：A+谓语+ adj./adv.的比较级than B A在某方面超过B举例：Tom is taller than JohnYou look better than he 比较级前可用much(的多) far, a lot, a little, even(更)、still（更）、a bit(一点儿) 等表示程度,不能使用very，quite.举例：This city is much more beautiful than that oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.She sings much better than the others.Now I read a little faster than before. B：比较级特殊句型：1、 Which/Who is/含有实义动词的疑问句 + 比较级, A or B ?举例：Which is easier, maths or English? Who will do better, Patrick or Sarh?2、 is/动词+the +比较级 + of the two.两者中较的一个。举例：Tom is the taller of the two boys. Patrick does better of the two boys.3、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越”举例：Now it is hotter and hotter. China will get better and better.4、“The + 比较级+主语+谓语，the + 比较级+主语+谓语” “越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖 The more exercise you do, the healthier you will becomeC: 形容词、副词最高级的用法1、the+最高级+ of/in/among(在.之间) (三者及以上范围的) A+adv.最高级 in(范围) /of(同类) /among(在.之间)举例：My mother is the busiest in my family You came (the) latest yesterday.2、Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ?举例：Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?3：one of the + 形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最之一”举例：He is one of the tallest boy in the class.4：the +序数词+ 形容词最高级+名词 第最举例：It is the second highest building in the world.注意：最高级前面一定要加the3