常见介词用法规则-[1]...doc

(完整word)常见介词用法规则-1.Prpositions are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in front of nouns （sometimes also in front of gerund verbs）.Even advanced learners of English find prepositions difficult, as a 1:1 translation is usually not possible. One preposition in your native language might have several translations depending on the situation。There are hardly any rules as to when to use which preposition. The only way to learn prepositions is looking them up in a dictionary， reading a lot in English （literature） and learning useful phrases off by heart (study tips）.The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:介词是通常在名词(有时在动名词）之前的短语(例如on, in, to 等等）甚至作为一个英语的高级学习者会发现介词的运用困难， 因为英语的介词和学习者的母语介词不能一对一的翻译，有时要取决于应用的环境.很难总结什么时候用哪个介词，唯一的方法是查英语词典，多读英语的文章并且学习有用的短语,用心记住它们。下面的表格包含了英语中最常见的介词用法:Prpositions Time 介词用于时间表示:EnglishUsage用法Example示例 on days of the week (星期中某天) 或某几天 on Monday on Monday and Tuesday in months / seasons (月份/季节） time of day （天中某时段） year （年） after a certain period of time （when?) 以后的时间 in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour at for night for weekend a certain point of time (when？）在某个确定的时间点上 at night at the weekend at half past nine since from a certain point of time （past till now) 从过去的某个确定时间点到现在 since 1980 for over a certain period of time (past till now) 过去到现在过了一段确切的时间段 for 2 years ago a certain time in the past 过去的某个确切时间 2 years ago before earlier than a certain point of time 某个确切时间点以前 before 2004 to telling the time 当告知时间时的用法，几点差几分 ten to six （5:50） past telling the time 当告知时间时的用法,几点过几分 ten past six (6：10) to/ till/ until marking the beginning and end of a period of time 表示一段时间的开始和结束 from Monday to/till Friday from Monday to Friday (周一到周五) from Monday till Friday (周一到周五） from Monday until Friday (周一到周五) 通常用于否定意思，表示到周五状态或动作结束。 例如： Hes not working from Monday until Friday 他周一到周四都没工作,直到周五 （周五工作了)。He s working from Monday until Friday他周一到周四一直在工作,直到周五(周五没工作) till/ until in the sense of how long something is going to last 表示某事物持续的长短/结束的意思 He is on holiday until Friday。 他在度假直到周五必要(结束) 没有说明何时开始的，这是和上面例子的区别。 by in the sense of at the latest 表示最迟的意思 up to a certain time 表示到某个确定的时间 I will be back by 6 oclock。 我会在6点回来(最晚6点) By 11 oclock, I had read five pages。 到11点，我读了5页Prpositions Place （Position and Direction)介词用于地点表示(位置和方向)EnglishUsage用法Example示例 in room, building, street, town, country 在房间里，建筑物里,在街上,在城里，在国家 book， paper etc。 在书里，在纸上 car, taxi 在小车里,在出租车里 picture， world 在图片里，在世界上 in the kitchen， in London 在厨房里,在伦顿 in the book , in the paper 在书里， 在纸上 in the car, in a taxi 在小汽车里,在出租车里 in the picture, in the world at meaning next to, by an object 表示相近或附近 for table 用于桌子 for events 对于事件 place where you are to do something typical (watch a film， study, work） 表示你做某事的典型地点(例如看电影,学习,工作） at the door, at the station 在门口，在站里 at the table 在桌子上(应该确切说是桌边,比如吃饭或读书）,不是站在桌子上 at a concert， at the party 在音乐会，在派对 at the cinema, at school, at work 在电影院，在学校，在工厂(工作） on attached 附上.。的 for a place with a river 表示一个有河流的地方 being on a surface 在。表面 for a certain side (left, right) 在某个确定的方向上 for a floor in a house 在屋子的楼上/地板上 for public transport 用于公共交通 for television， radio 用于电视，广播 the picture on the wall 挂在墙上的画 London lies on the Thames. 伦顿枕泰晤士河 on the table 在桌子上（真的在桌子的表面上),例如glass on the table on the left 在左边 on the first floor 在一楼 on the bus, on a plane 在工交车上, 在飞机上 on TV， on the radio 在电视上，在广播里 by， next to， beside left or right of somebody or something 在某人或某物的左边或右边 （傍边） Jane is standing by/ next to/ beside the car。 Jane is standing by the car. Jane is standing next to the car。 Jane is standing beside the car. under on the ground， lower than (or covered by) something else 在地上，比其他东西低（或被什么东西盖住) the bag is under the table 包在桌子底下（放在地上) below lower than something else but above ground 比其他东西低(但还比地面高） the fish are below the surface 鱼在水面下（没到水底） over covered by something else 被其他东西罩住 meaning more than 意思是多,超过 getting to the other side （also across) 到另外一边 overcoming an obstacle 克服障碍物 put a jacket over your shirt 在衬衫外套件夹克 over 16 years of age 16岁多 walk over the bridge 走过桥 climb over the wall 爬过墙 above higher than something else, but not directly over it 比其他东西高,但不是直接在其他东西上边(意思不是直接靠着) a path above the lake 湖上的通道(象桥) across getting to the other side （also over) 到另外一边(也可用over） getting to the other side 到另外一边 walk across the bridge 走过桥 swim across the lake 游过湖 through something with limits on top, bottom and the sides 通过某样有限度的东西,限度可能是有顶，有底或边限 drive through the tunnel 驾驶通过隧道 to movement to person or building 移动到某人或建筑物 movement to a place or country 移动到某初或国家 for bed 用于床 go to the cinema 到电影院 go to London/ Ireland 到伦顿/爱尔兰 go to bed 睡觉 into enter a room/ a building 进入房间/建筑物 go into the kitchen 进入厨房 Go into the house 进入屋子 towards movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it) 朝某个东西的方向移动（但不是直接走到那个地方） go 5 steps towards the house 朝房子走5步 onto movement to the top of something 移动到某东西上面 jump onto the table 跳上桌子 from in the sense of where from 表示从哪里来 a flower from the garden 花园里来的花Other important Prepositions其他一些重要的介词EnglishUsage用法Example示例 from who gave it 表示谁给的 a present from Jane Jane给的礼物 of who/what does it belong to 某人/或某物属于什么 what does it show 某东西表现什么 a page of the book 书的一页 the picture of a palace 宫殿的图片 by who made it 谁做的 a book by Mark Twain 马克。吐温写的书 on walking or riding on horseback 走或在马悲上骑 entering a public transport vehicle 进入公共交通工具 on foot， on horseback 走,在马背上 get on the bus 上工交车 in entering a car / Taxi 进入小轿车/出租车 get in the car 进入小轿车 off leaving a public transport vehicle 离开公共交通工具 get off the train 下火车 out of leaving a car / Taxi 离开小轿车/出租车 get out of the taxi 下出租车 by rise or fall of something 某东西上升或下降 travelling （other than walking or horseriding） 出游乘。(不是靠脚走或骑马) prices have risen by 10 percent 价格上升了百分之十 by car， by bus 乘小轿车，乘工交车 at for age 用于年龄 she learned Russian at 45 她在45岁学的俄语 about for topics， meaning what about 关于主题（话题）,意思是关于什么 we were talking about you 我们在谈论你Exercises on Prpositions-下面是练习的连接: Exercise on Prepositions Place 1 Level:lowerintermediate 关于地点 Exercise on Prepositions Place 2 Level：lowerintermediate关于地点 Exercise on Prepositions Place 3 Level：lowerintermediate关于地点 Exercise on Prepositions Place 4 Level:lowerintermediate关于地点 Exercise on Prepositions Place 5 Level:lowerintermediate关于地点 Exercise on Prepositions Time 1 Level:lowerintermediate关于时间 Exercise on Prepositions Time 2 Level:lowerintermediate关于时间 Exercise on Prepositions since and for Since 和 for的介词练习 See also: Date and Time 关于日期和时间 Exercise on Prepositions Buses Level：intermediate工交车 Exercise on Prepositions A picture Level:intermediate 图片 Exercise on Prepositions A photograph Level：intermediate 照片 Exercise on Prepositions The Wampanoag Level：intermediate 瓦帕浓人 Exercise on Prepositions George Washington Level：upperintermediate 乔治.华盛顿 Exercise on Prepositions Henry Ford Level:upperintermediate 亨利.福特 Exercise on Prepositions McDonalds Level:upperintermediate 麦当劳 Exercise on Prepositions Uluru Level:upperintermediate