语法填空——代词.doc

一、人称代词
主格：we, I, he, she, it, they, you
宾格：us, me, him, her, it, them, you
We are high school students.
Let’s go. =let us go. Your success makes us happy.
I am Chinese.
Give me a book, please.
He gets up early everyday.
His mother told him the news.
She is good at dancing.
Our teacher asked her to dance in the competition.
It is a pet.
I hate it when I have to take part in the college entrance examination.
They are happy now.
The music made them crazy.
You are very kind.
I will give you a pen.
二、物主代词
形容词性物主代词：my, our, his her, its, their, your
名词性物质代词： mine, ours, his, hers, its, theirs, yours
It is my book. The book is mine. =my book.
Those are our books. Those books are ours. =our books.
It is his book. The book is his. =his book.
My hair is black, but my grandmother’s hair is white.
Her hair is white. Hers is white. Hers=her hair.
I had a lovely dog, its name is XiongXiong.
My name is apple, its is XiongXiong.
Our school is big. However, theirs is small.
Mary’s pen is Parker. Yours is Hero.
三、指示代词
this that, these, that, such.这些
All these things are beautiful.
Such was her opinions before meeting Alice.
四、相互代词
each other one another 互相
We have to help each other. (两人之间)
All in all, We have to help one another.（两人以上之间）
五、反身代词
oneself , himself, herself, themselves, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, myself.
We should try our best to help ourselves and others.
be oneself, 处于正常状态，显得自然。
I am myself at the party.
enjoy oneself=have a good time=enjoyment.
come to oneself, 苏醒过来，恢复知觉
After the serious illness, he finally came to himself.
help oneself 为自己取用某物
help yourselves, please.
devote oneself to 投身于
We should devote ourselves to the great cause.
by oneself 独立地
I have accomplished the homework by myself.
of oneself 自动地
When I am having a lesson, I always put my phone away of myself.
to oneself 独立拥有的
when one dines in a restaurant, one likes a table to oneself.
六、不定代词。
1、 both, all
Both of you are high school students. (两者都)
All of us are Chinese. (三者或三者以上都)
2、 each，every
Each of them has made progress.(每一个)
Every student in our school works hard.(所有的)
3、 either, neither
Here are two pens. You may take either of them. (两者中的任何一个)
Neither of them knows French. （两者中的任何一个都不）
练习：
1、 She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she like _____ and moved to Cambridge.
2、 It is an either-or-situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do ______.
3、 Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ____ of them wants to, because they have work to do.
4、 other, the other, others, the others, another.
other：其他的
the other:特指 one, the other 一个，另外一个
We will talk about it some other time.
I have two favorite idols, one is Zhao Wei, the other is Audrey Hepburn.
others: 一些
the others:特指剩下的
Some are playing basketball while others are playing football.（另外一些）
Five of the pencils are red; the others are yellow.(两部分中的另外一部分。)
another 另外一个，第三个以上
This coat is too dark. Please show me another. (另一个)
练习：
1、In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ____, knives and forks.
2、Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ____.
5、 none，no ones
None of them is fond of pop music.(其中任何一个都不， 强调范围)
No one is likely to solve the problem. (没有一个)
6、 复合不定动词
everybody, everyone, everything, anybody, anything, anyone, something, somebody, someone.
Every:每一个；any：任何一个；some：一些
全部否定：
no +名词，nobody, nothing, none, neither
No one is perfect. 没有人是完美的。
Nothing can stop him going there.没有什么事情能够阻止他去那里。
Neither of them wants to stop for a rest.他们两人中没有一个人想停下来休息。
部分否定：
both, all, every +名词，everyone,everybody, everything等与not 连用
Last Saturday，both of you haven’t come here.= Last Saturday, not both of you have come here.
All students aren’t hard working.= Not all students are hard working.并不是所有的学生都是努力学习的。
Everyone can’t fulfill his desire.= Not everyone can fulfill his desire. 不是每个人都能够满足他自己的欲望。
7、 区别：
易混词
用法
例句
none
既可指人，也可指物，常指代上文出现的东西
There are many people over there. I know none of them.那边有很多人，我一个也不认识。
nothing
仅指事物，在指代上没有什么限制
She knew nothing about it.她对此一无所知。
no one
用来指人，多强调个体，后面一般不接of短语
---Did anyone come to see you?有人来看你吗？
----No one.没有。
练习：
1、 A smile costs _____, but gives much.
2、 You can ask anyone for help. ____ here is willing to lend you a hand.
3、 This project require close teamwork. _____ will be achieved unless we work well together.
4、 _______ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it.
5、 Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost ______ of her enthusiasm for life.
6、 Sophia waited for a reply, but ____ came.
8、one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it
I want to change the red dress for a yellow one.
(one用来替代前面出现的单数可数名词，泛指)
I don’t like green apples; I like red ones.
(ones 用来替代前面出现的复数名词，泛指)
The dress you bought is cheaper than the one/that I bought.
(the one用来替代前面的单数名词，表特指，有时可用that替代)
The books on the desk are better than those/the ones (=the books) under the desk.
(the ones 用来替代前面的复数名词，表特指，有时可用those替代，尤其是在有后置定语的情况下)
Mary’s handwriting is far better than that of Peter’s.
(that 用来替代前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词，表特指)
I can’t find my umbrella. I don’t know where I have put it.
(it 特指前面出现的同一个东西)
练习：
1、 At our factory, there are a few machines similar to _____ described in this magazine.
2、 The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than_____ on the small ones.
3、 If you are buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get ____ for me?
4、 Studying Wendy’s menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ____ of McDonald’s.
七、it的用法
1、 指代时间、距离、自然现象等。
It is half past two now.(指时间)
It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.(指距离)
It was very cold in the room.(指温度)
2、 指前面所提到过的事物、想法、性别被认为不重要的人或动物，也可以指未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况等。
------I have broken a plate.
------It (=Breaking the plate)doesn’t matter.(指前面所提到过的事情)
There is only one book left. Will you buy it?(指前面的同一事物)
3、 it可以做形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由不定式、动名词、从句等充当。
It is kind of you to do me a favor.
To do me a favor is kind of you.(it 做作形式主语代替不定式短语)
It is no use trying to persuade him.
Trying to persuade him is no use.(it 做作形式主语代替动名词短语)
I think it necessary that we have the meeting. It is necessary. 主谓宾宾补
I think that we have the meeting necessary.(it 做作形式宾语代替从句)
4、 有关it 的固定结构：
I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.
I hate it when I have to take part in the college entrance examination.
I would appreciate it if you could help me.
I would appreciate it if both of you get good grades in the college entrance examination.
I don’t mind it if you are late.
I don’t mind it if you borrow money from me.
练习：
1、 I’d appreciate ___if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
2、 Susan made ___ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
3、 An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making ___the driest since California became a state in 1850.
4、 New technologies have made______ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.