轻轨与有轨电车区别.doc

轻轨原则上有优先路权。不太同意关于分类。传统的有轨电车不属于轻轨的范围，我们所说的轻轨不是按照有没有轨道分，他的运量根本不能达到中华人民共和国关于轻轨的标准（10万人次每天，高峰1万人次每小时），只能归到公交车类 1 看得很清楚，和主题不完全一样不代表不能对部分内容发表看法,何况说的都是有轨电车2 关于运量，传统的有轨电车虽然也可以增加编组，但是受到很大的限制，运量远达不到轻轨最低的10000人每小时, 5000也达不到。这个运量即使是现代有轨电车也不容易达到。欧美不管是传统有轨电车还是新型有轨电车都叫tramway，而不是LRT，不知道有哪个国家把它分为轻轨的至于是不是应该按照运量分类轨道交通。我相信国家出台的这个标准，肯定是经过很多专家学者论证过的，当然也许有人认为他们水平不行，分类不够科学，仁者见仁，这个更不是此帖子讨论的范围了，我就不在这里发表看法了。个人意见，仅供讨论，谢谢！1分钟一班？这个是什么车？太理想化了吧，巴黎的新型有轨电车，高峰至少也要4分钟一班，6节编组，最高运行1万人次每小时（数据出自巴黎地铁公司）中国人确实不分轻轨地铁，事实上也很难分，但是欧美人，tram绝对不会叫成lightrail至于人身攻击就更不需要了，我就不回应了，谢谢 一般车辆的发车间隔在5分钟左右，最密集的也就23分钟，更何况有轨电车受混行的影响是很严重的，所以楼上所提高峰输送能力限度仅仅只是理论值，实际有轨电车的高峰输送能力是很难过万的，混行这也是它区别于轻轨及地铁的一个因素吧。 国内那些所谓的城际轨道、市域轨道等只是从轨道承担的交通功能来区分，若按照此类分法，有轨电车承担的功能仅仅只是为区域内的上述轨道集散客流及补充运力。 仅供讨论，呵呵 关于tram（有轨电车），wiki是这么介绍的A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a train, designed for the transport of passengers (and, very occasionally, freight) within, close to, or between villages, towns and/or cities, on tracks running primarily on streets. Certain types of cable car are also known as trams. Many newer light rail systems share features with trams, although a distinction may be drawn between the two, with the term light rail preferred if there is significant off-street running or if there are more than three cars.关于light rail（轻轨）Light rail or light rail transit (LRT) is a form of urban rail public transportation that generally has a lower capacity and lower speed than heavy rail and metro systems, but higher capacity and higher speed than street-running tram systems. The term is typically used to refer to rail systems with rapid transit-style features that usually use electric rail cars operating mostly in private rights-of-way separated from other traffic but sometimes, if necessary, mixed with other traffic in city streets. Modern light rail technology is highly flexible in how it can be used, and whether any given system is considered a true rapid transit system or not depends on its implementation. 123关于轻轨和有轨电车的区别The most difficult distinction to draw is that between light rail and streetcar or tram systems. There is a significant amount of overlap between the technologies, many of the same vehicles can be used for either, and it is common to classify streetcars/trams as a subtype of light rail rather than as a distinct type of transportation. The two general versions are: 1. The traditional type, where the tracks and trains run along the streets and share space with road traffic. Stops tend to be very frequent, but little effort is made to set up special stations. Because space is shared, the tracks are usually visually unobtrusive. 2. A more modern variation, where the trains tend to run along their own right-of-way and are often separated from road traffic. Stops are generally less frequent, and the vehicles are often boarded from a platform. Tracks are highly visible, and in some cases significant effort is expended to keep traffic away through the use of special signaling, level crossings with gate arms or even a complete separation with non-level crossings. At the highest degree of separation, it can be difficult to draw the line between light rail and metros, as in the case of Wuppertals Schwebebahn hanging rail system or Londons Docklands Light Railway, which would likely not be considered light were it not for the contrast between it and the London Underground. Increasingly, light rail is being used to describe any rapid transit system with a fairly lower frequency or shorter trains compared to heavier mass rapid systems such as the London Underground or the Mass Rapid Transit in Singapore. For instance, the Putra LRT and Star LRT in Kuala Lumpur are often referred to as light rail, despite being fully segregated mostly-elevated railways.可见，车辆上轻轨和有轨电车基本没有区别。在英语中提到tram多数是指传统线路（很多改用现代有轨电车运行以提高效率），与其他交通方式在城市街道混行。而light rail则通常拥有专有路权（信号、站台等等等）的现代有轨电车，必要时当然也可以混行，某些light rail拥有完全封闭的线路和专用的信号，很难和metro区别开而在新加坡、马来西亚等地（个人感觉就是亚洲半吊子英语区域），light rail逐渐的被“滥用”了。各种小运力的轨道交通系统都被称为light rail。概念混乱就从这些半吊子英语开始！另一个结论是，生硬的泾渭分明的区别tram、light rail甚至Metro，是既不可能也无必要的行为。做某种程度的融合，以针对实际需求进行选择，才是趋势。呼吁广大铁道迷们不要再纠缠此问题，做庸人自扰附送metro（地铁）和commuter rail（通勤铁路）A rapid transit, metro(politan), subway, underground, or elevated (railway) system is an electric passenger railway in an urban area with high capacity and frequency, and which is grade separated from other traffic.12 Rapid transit systems are typically either in underground tunnels or elevated above street level. Outside urban centres rapid transit lines sometimes run grade separated at ground level.Service on rapid transit systems is provided on designated lines between stations using electric multiple units on rails, although some systems use magnetic levitation or monorails. They are typically integrated with other public transport and often operated by the same public transit authorities. Rapid transit is faster and has a higher capacity than trams or light rail, but is not as fast or as far-reaching as commuter rail. It is unchallenged in its ability to transport large amounts of people quickly over short distances with little land use. Variations of rapid transit include people movers, small-scale light metro and the commuter rail hybrid S-Bahn.metro与light rail最显著的区别莫过于此metro的线路是完全封闭的，不与其他交通方式混行！“地铁”这个词实际上很不好，不足以翻译metro，metro绝不是“地下的铁路”这么简单！地下、高架、地面都可以！metro在某些地方，有和commuter rail融合的趋势，这二者也是无需做硬性分割的，像中国这样地铁国铁老死不相往来，最差劲不过了关于commuter railCommuter rail or suburban rail is a passenger rail transport service between a city center, and outer suburbs and commuter towns or other locations that draw large numbers of commuterspeople who travel on a daily basis. Trains operate following a schedule, at speeds varying from 50 to 200 km/h (35 to 125 mph). Distance charges or zone pricing may be used.区别Distinction between other modes of railMetroIn some cases, hybrids between a train and a metro have been created. They run underground in the dense city centres and on surface or elevated tracks in lower-density areas. Examples include the Madrid Cercanas network, the Dublin Area Rapid Transit, the Liverpool Merseyrail network, the Paris RER, lines 6-8 of the Barcelona Metro, the S-Bahn systems of Berlin, Munich, Vienna and Zrich, the Naples narrow gauge Circumvesuviana, the suburban railway (HV) in Budapest, Valparaso Metro and the rail systems of Tokyo, Seoul (Seoul Metropolitan Subway), Sydney (CityRail) and Melbourne.Commuter rail in the worldAsiaCommuter trains are currently uncommon in China, although a small system has been inaugurated in Beijing in 2008.本人也认为有轨电车不属于轻轨的范畴。城市轻轨属于轨道交通，轨道交通包括了地铁、轻轨、有轨电车和磁悬浮列车等，由于轻轨的机车重量和载客量都较小，使用的铁轨质量也较小，每米只有50公斤，而一般铁轨每米的质量为60公斤，由此得名轻轨。 1、从运量来区分，地铁的运输量最大，单向每小时可运送4万至6万人次，轻轨可运送2万至3万人次，有轨电车的运量最小，只有1万人次。 2、从能源使用的角度来说，大多数轨道交通工具都是用电驱动的。对于我在这边看到的英文文献的理解，轻轨和有轨电车在轨道和车辆上可能区别不大，轻轨也有路面行驶的，比如匹兹堡，而有轨电车也有地下行驶的。我的理解是，有轨电车tram一般不会挂很多节，而且只在一个城市市内运行，速度比较慢，而且站位多于座位。轻轨一般是crosstown的，可以挂很多节，速度比较快，座位比站位多 我记得好像以前批长沙的综改区的时候他们有一个试点，就是把行人架空到二层，沿着所有的建筑物立面修一个巨型的立交桥，然后行人全部在第二层活动，商店的店铺也移到二层，把第一层留给各种交通工具。后来我在看纽约早期的规划的时候发现他们也有类似的想法。因为修行人的立交桥比修汽车或者轨道交通的立交桥要容易一些，载重不需要那么重。如果有这种东西，修地面轨道交通其实也不是那么愚蠢的事情，至少在中国。不知道他们什么时候修好。上回只是在电视上面看见一个模型。