9BU4知识点梳理.doc

牛津英语导学9B Chapter FourAll about films and TVLanguage Points:I. Useful words and expressions1. film set摄影场2. film director电影导演3. make-up artist化妆师4. see stars两眼直冒金星5. have the time of ones life阻止出去6. in the form of gases玩得愉快7. the highlight of的亮点8. camera operator摄影师9 for pleasure为了消遣10. film crew电影摄制组11. shoot a film拍摄一个镜头12. jump out of ones skin大吃一惊13. be impressed by被所打动14. seem to do something似乎，好像15. crash over冲击，冲垮16. special effects特技效果17. cut a long story short长话短说18. work as 从事 工作19. a piece of cake 轻松的事情20. make up组成，构成II. Word study1. humid a. 温暖潮湿的 （近义词）wet ; （反义词） dry 干燥的2. impress v. 给留下深刻印象e.g. Everyone was impressed by her acting in that film. impression n. 印象，感想e.g. She left a good impression in that film. impressive a. 令人敬佩的3. violently adv. 猛烈地，厉害地e.g. During the earthquake, the building moved about violently. violent a. 猛烈的，暴力的 e.g. This film is too violent for children to see. violence n. 暴力e.g. Violence is not a good way to solve problems.4. act v. 表演，行动e.g. Now that you have expressed your determination, you should act action n. 表演，行动e.g. You have to take action and deal with problems. active a. 积极的e.g. He takes an active part in outdoor activities. actor n. 男演员e.g. He hoped to become an actor or singer. actress n. 女演员 activity n. 活动5. director n. 导演e.g. Can I meet the director first? direct v. 导演（电影）e.g. Its amazing to direct such an exciting film.6. select v. 挑选，选择e.g. This present is selected for the children. selection n. 选择e.g. He has made the final selection.7. pollute v. 污染e.g. Weshouldnotpolluteourriverswithwaste. pollution n. 污染e.g. Pollution is a big problem. polluted a. 受污染的e.g. Wefoundthewaterpolluted.8. life n. 生命，生活 lives (pl.) live v. 居住 lifeless a. 毫无生机的 alive a. 活着的 lively a. 生动活泼的9. heat n/v. 热量 / 加热e.g. Heatthewatertillitreachesboilingpoint. hot a. 热的10. main a. 主要的 mainly ad. 主要地11. protect v. 保护 protection n. 保护 protective a. 保护的III. Sentence structures:A: Reported speech (间接引语）用自己的话引述别人的话时，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，人称，时态，语序等都可能发生变化。1.时态变化直接引语改为间接引语时，如果主句中的谓语动词是过去时，则从句中的谓语动词是过去时，则从句中的谓语动词要变成过去时范畴的各种时态，变化规则如下：一般过去时 一般过去时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时 不变过去进行时 不变如：He says, “I have finished my homework.”He says that he has finished his homework.：She will say, “Ill do it tomorrow.”She will say that shell do it the next day.The girl said, “Im sorry for being late for class.”The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.He said to me, “I met your father.”He told me that he had met my father.She said, “He will go to see his friend.”She said he would go to see his friend.She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said that she had lost a penShe said to me, “Im studying Japanese these days.”She told me that she was studying Japanese those days.3）当主句是过去时态时，时态也有不需要变化的情况。 直接引语中是：.客观真理：“The earth goes around the sun.” said the teacher.The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.有具体的过去年月日：.过去完成时：.过去进行时： .情态动词没有过去时的形式（ought to, had better, used to)或已经是过去时的形式时 (could, should, would, might)：2.人称变化(一般遵循这句顺口溜 “一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”)1). “一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：.They said, “We will go there by bus.”They said they would go there by bus.She said “My sister wants to go with me.”She said (that) her sister wanted to go with her.2). “二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：.She said to me, “Are you interested in science?”She asked me if I was interested in science.He said to Kate. How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then.She said, “Your pronunciation is better than his.”She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.3). “第三人称不更新”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如：.His mother said to me, “He cant go to school.”His mother told me that he couldnt go to school.Mr. Smith said, Jacks brother is a good worker.Mr. Smith said Jacks brother was a good worker.3.指示代词变化1).this - thatHe said, “I want this.” He said that he wanted that.2).these - thoseHe said, These books are mine. He said that those books were his.4.句型变化直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述语序）。Hesaid,Canyouswim,John? “HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim. “Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述语序）。Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。如：Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents.Shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise.“Open the door,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtoopen the door.直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）”如：Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies.Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.Extended reading:Jane Eyre is my favorite film. It is not surprising to find some differences between the film and the novel, because the story is retold in a new way, but the spirit of the novel remains-to be an independent person, both physically and mentally. Jane Eyres parents passed away when she was very young, and her aunt，the only relative she had，treated her badly. Since Janes education in Lowwood Orphanage began, she hadnt got what she had been expectingsimply being regarded as a common person just like any other girl around her. The suffers from being unfairly treated teach Jane to be persevering and prize dignity over anything else. Later, Jane became a tutor in Thornfield Garden. There she met the gardens owner, Mr. Rochester, a man with warm heart despite a cold face outside. Things seemed to get better, but fate had decided otherwise: After Jane and Rochester fell in love with each other and got down to get marry, she unfortunately came to know that in fact Rochester had a wife, who seemed to be the shadow following Rochester -Mr. Rochester was also a hopeless person in need of help. Jane did want to give him a hand, however, she made up her mind to leave, because she didnt want to betray her own rules, because she was Jane Eyre. The film has finally got a happy ending: Jane got a large number of money, and finally returned to Mr Rochester. Of course, Jane chose to stay with him forever. Life is always changing, but our living rules remain. Firmly fighting for the rights of being independent gives us enough confidence and courage. In the world of the film, we have found the stories of ourselves, which makes us so concerned about the fate of the people in the film. I love this film because it is the film that teaches me what independence and dignity mean to a person. Its the spirit of Jane that makes the film meaningful. Heart is the engine of body, brain is the resource of thought, and great films are the mirrors of life. Without a doubt, “Jane Eyer” is one of them. Why dont you enjoy it with your own eyes? Im sure you will love it.7