状语从句在复合句中作状语.doc

　　  状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。
　　知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！
　　  各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：
　　时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before
　　条件 If, unless
　　原因 As, because, since
　　地点 Where
　　目的 So that, in order that
　　结果 So that, so…that, such…that
　　让步 though, although, even if, however
　　方式 As
　　比较 than, (not)as…as,
　　时间状语从句：
　　Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。
　　条件状语从句：
　　As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着， 我就要学习。
　　原因状语从句：
　　Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。
　　地点状语从句：
　　Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。
　　目的状语从句：
　　Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。
　　结果状语从句：
　　He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。
　　让步状语从句：
　　Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
　　方式状语从句：
　　Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。
　　比较状语从句：
　　The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。
　状语从句的考查点
状语从句是中考词汇和句法部分考查的重点内容之一。在复习状语从句时,主要任务是弄清楚引导各种状语从句的连词的用法。现就主要考查点简述如下:
　　1.引导时间状语从句的连词
　　主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as等。其中when?while和as都可表示#当……时候#,但用法有区别:
　　①when意为#在……时;当……时#,可表示#点时间#或#段时间#,从句谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如:
　　When I got home, he was having supper.
　　②as意为#边……边……#或#与……同时#,重在表示两个动作同时发生。伴随进行。as从句是终止性动词时,主句通常也必须是终止性动词。例如:
　　They sang as they danced.
　　③while只可表示#段时间#,从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如:
　　While I was sleeping, my father came in.
　　注:从句谓语是持续性动词时,when、while和as可以互换?主?从句谓语都是终止性动词时,when与as可互换?从句谓语表示状态时,通常用while。
　　2.引导原因状语从句的连词
　　原因状语从句一般由because, since, as, for引导?注意as,because,since和for的区别:
　　①如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。because引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如:
　　I missed the train because I got up late.
　　注:对于以why开头的问句,一般只能用because引导的从句来回答。
　　②如果原因已为人们所知,或不如句子的其余部分重要,就用as或since、since比as稍微正式一些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:
　　As he was not well,I decided to go there without him.
　　Since this method doesn]t work, let]s try another.
　　③for表示所说的理由是一种补充说明,因此,for引导的从句可以放在括号里,而且for引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如:
　　I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.
　　3.引导结果状语从句的连词
　　主要有so/such…that…,so that等。
　　1) so...that结构在某种情况下可以与enough to和too...to结构相互转换。例如:
　　She is so short that she can]t reach the buttons of the lift. =She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift.
　　2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句,意为#结果是;以致于#。例如:
　　They missed the bus so that they were late for class.
　　注:so that也可引导目的状语从句,此时可用to或in order to替换,将其改为简单句。例如:
　　He got up early so that he could get to school on time. =He got up early to get to school on time. =In order to get to school on time,he got up early.
　例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
　　易混引导词while, when, as的区别：
　　when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：
　　When he came in, his mother was cooking.
　　When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.
　　While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：
　　Please don't talk so loud while others are working.
　　As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如：
　　As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。
　　2．Because,as,since 的区别：
　　Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如：
　　Water is very important because we can't live without it.
　　He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.
　　I'll do it for you since you are busy.
　　3．such…that, so…that, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：
　　such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：
　　1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that……
　　2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ……
　　3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that……。如：
　　This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.
　　It was such good books that they sell well.
　　It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
　　He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.
　　He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.
　　=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.
　　注：在"形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词"结构中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。如：
　　She made so many mistakes that she didn't pass the exam.
　　练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！
　　选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。
　　1.Jim spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich.
　　2.Kate fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music.
　　3.----Is David at school today?
　　  ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold.
　　4.We won't have supper ______my mother comes back.
　　5.Speak to him slowly ______he may understand you better.
　　6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself.
　　7.It is four years ______I had left that small village.
　　8. ______the air moves, it is called wind.
　　9.We will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow.
　　10.______little boys did ______much work.
　　11.There are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it.
　　12.Go back ______you come from.
　　13.He reached the station ______the train had left.
　　14.----Do you have a swimming pool?
　　   ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours.
　　15.Give me your paper ______you have finished it.
　　16.It is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home.
　　17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam.
　　18.Look after te children ______I am out.
　　19.The village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot.
　　20.That is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it.
　　Keys: 1.though    2.while    3.because    4.until    5. so that
　　    6.Even if     7.since   8.when    9.if   10.Such, do 
　　   11.but       12.where  13.before   14.as(so), as 15.after 
　　   16.so        17.unless 18.while  19.so, that   20.such, that