1、59一.建筑设计论述(一).设计依据:1.依据建筑工程专业2016届毕业设计任务书。2.建筑结构荷载规范3.混凝土结构设计规范4.建筑抗震设计规范5.建筑地基基础设计规范及有关授课教材、建筑设计资料集、建筑结构构造上资料集等相关资料。(二).设计内容:1.设计内容、建筑面积、标高:(1) 设计题目为“某技术专科学校图书馆设计”。 (2) 建筑面积:5971.5m2,共五层,层高均为3.9m。(3) 室内外高差0.450m,室外地面标高为-0.450m。(4) 外墙370mm厚空心砖,隔墙240mm厚空心砖,楼梯间墙为370mm厚空心砖。2.各部分工程构造:(1) 屋面( 不上人屋面)SBS型改
2、性防水卷材冷底子油一道30mm厚1:3水泥砂浆找平层煤渣找坡层2%(最薄处15mm厚)平均厚度81mm20mm厚1:3水泥砂浆找平层80mm厚苯板保温层20mm厚1:3水泥砂浆找平层120mm厚钢筋混凝土板20mm厚混合砂浆板下抹灰刮大白二遍(2)楼面:大理石板15mm水泥砂浆找平层120mm厚钢筋混凝土板20mm厚石灰沙浆抹灰刮大白二遍3.建筑材料选用: 墙:普通粘土空心砖 窗:采用塑钢窗二.结构设计论述1. 气象条件:雪荷载0.50KN/m2,基本风压:0.55KN/m2.2. 工程地质条件: 根据地质勘探结果,给定地质情况如下表:地质条件一览表序号岩土分类土层深度厚度范围地基土承载力桩端
3、阻力桩周摩擦力1杂填土0.00.80.32粉土0.81.80.5120103中砂1.82.8 0.8200254砾砂2.86.5 3.73002400305圆砾6.512.55.6.05003500 60注:1 拟建场地地形平坦,地下稳定水位距地表-6m,表中给定土层深度由自然地坪算起。2 建筑地点冰冻深度-1.2m。3 建筑场地类别:类场地土。4 地震设防基本烈度:7 度。3.材料情况: 非承重空心砖MU5;砂浆等级为M5;混凝土:C30(基础)、C30(梁、板、柱、楼梯)纵向受力钢筋:HRB335级;箍筋:HPB235级钢筋4.抗震设防要求:设防基本烈度为7度,设计地震分组为第一组,设计基
4、本地震加速度值为0.10g。5.结构体系:现浇钢筋混凝土框架结构。6.施工:梁、板、柱均现浇。三.结构计算1. 结构平面简图:见图:2.材料情况:非承重空心砖MU5;砂浆等级为M5;混凝土:C30(基础)、C30(梁、板、柱、楼梯):纵向受力钢筋:HRB335级;箍筋:HPB235级钢筋。3.截面尺寸选取:1) 框架柱:根据轴压比公式初步估定柱截面尺寸:Nc/fcbh0.9(三级框架)(框架柱的负荷面积内每平米按14 KN/m2初估)选定柱截面尺寸: bc1hc1=600mm600mm2)框架梁: h =(1/8-1/14)Lb =(1/2-1/3) h 边梁: L=7500mm, 取 h =
5、 600mm b = 300mm过道梁:L=3000mm, 取 h = 500mm b =250mm次梁: L=6600mm, 取 h = 500mm b = 250mm3) 连续板 :h=l/401/45L(短跨方向)边 跨:h=100mm中 跨:h=100mm4.荷载汇集:1)屋面:(1) 恒载:SBS防水卷材 0.3 KN/m230mm水泥砂浆坐浆找平层 0.6 KN/m2煤渣混凝土找坡层2% 1.134 KN/m220mm厚1:3水泥砂浆找平 0.4 KN/m280mm厚苯板保温层 0.01 KN/m220mm厚1:3水泥砂浆找平 0.4 KN/m2120mm厚混凝土屋面板 3.0 K
6、N/m220mm厚石灰沙浆抹灰 0.34 KN/m2 = 5.73 KN/m2(2)活载(不上人屋面): 0.50 KN/m2 雪载: 0.50 KN/m2 2)楼面:(1)恒载:大理石板: 0.28 KN/m2 20mm厚水泥砂浆坐浆: 0.4 KN/m220mm厚水泥砂浆找平层: 0.4 KN/m2100mm厚钢筋混凝土板: 2.5 KN/m220mm厚水泥砂浆坐浆找平层: 0.4 KN/m2 刮大白二遍 : 0.05 KN/m2 = 4.03 KN/m2活载: 走廊: 3.5 KN/m2 阅览室: 2.0 KN/m2楼梯: 3.5 KN/m2厕所: 2.5 KN/m2办公室: 2.5 K
7、N/m2书库: 5.0 KN/m23)梁: 考虑梁上抹灰,取梁自重26 KN/m3 (1)b1h1=300mm600mm q1=260.60.3=4.68KN/m (2)b2h2=250mm500mm q2=260.50.25=3.25KN/m4)墙体: (砌体与抹灰之和)(1)外墙:10.30.37=3.81 KN/m2 (2)内墙:10.30.24=2.472 KN/m2(3)抹灰:外墙面外抹灰: 20mm厚水泥砂浆 0.4 KN/m2 外墙面内抹灰及内墙抹灰:20mm厚石灰砂浆 0.34 KN/m2墙总重:外墙: 3.81+0.4+0.34 =4.55 KN/m2 内墙: 2.472+0
8、.342 =3.152 KN/m2 5)柱子: (考虑柱子抹灰,取柱子自重27 KN/m3)270.60.6 = 9.72 KN/m26)门、窗: 门:0.2 KN/m2 窗:0.45 KN/m25.各层重力荷载代表值计算:(如图:第6页) 五层: 女儿墙: (7.52+0.6+6.63+3+0.6)2-9.60.24118=295.49 KN 屋 面: (7.52+0.6)(6.63+3+0.6)5.73=2091.68 KN 框架梁(300600):(155+22.83) 4.68=661.11 KN 框架梁(250500):332.5=29.25 KN 次 梁(250500):22.82
9、3.25=148.2 KN 柱 子:3.9/29.7235=284.31 KN 外 墙: (22.8+15+64-2.44-2.16)(3.9/2-0.6)4.55=243.24 KN 内 墙: (15-1.2)2+6(3.9/2-0.6) 3.15=142.88 KN 外墙窗: 2.36+2.16+2.44+3.61.350.45=24.06KN = 3595.48 KN四层(1): 柱 子:3.9/29.7215=284.31 KN 外 墙: (22.8+15)2-6.6-33.9/2-(2.36+2.16+2.44-3.6)1.054.5=403.79KN 内 墙: (15-1.2) 2
10、+6-1.53-3 3.9/23.15=106.32KN 外墙窗:2.36+2.12.44+3.6 1.350.45=24.06KN 内墙门: 1.53+3 1.950.2=2.93KN = 902.41 KN四层(2): 楼 面: 376.834.03=1518.6 KN 框架梁(300600):661.11 KN 框架梁(250500):29.25KN 次 梁(250500):148.2 KN 柱 子:284.31KN 外 墙: 243.24 KN 内 墙: 142.8 KN = 2998.26KN三层(1):同四层(1) = 902.41KN三层(2):同四层(2) = 2998.26K
11、N二层(1):同三层(1) = 902.41KN二层(2):同三层(2) = 2998.26KN一层(1):同二层(1) = 902.41KN一层(2): 楼 面:376.234.03=1518.6 KN 框架梁(300600):661.11 KN 框架梁(250500):29.25 KN 次 梁(250500):148.2 KN 柱 子:5.4/2159.72=393.66 KN 外 墙(22.8+15+64-2.44-2.16)(5.4/2-0.6)4.55=378.38KN内 墙:(15-1.2)2+6(5.4/2-2.6)3.15=222.26 KN = 3322.21 KN结构重力荷
12、载代表值: 顶层Gi= Gi+0.5Q 其它层Gi= Gi+1.0Q G5 = 3595.48+0.5376.830.5=3689.69 KN G4 = 902.41+2998.26+1(7.56.65+3.96.62.5+3.66.63.5+33.5+1513.62)=4861.18 KN G3 = G4 = 4861.18KN G2 = G3 = 4861.18 KN G1 = 902.41+3322.21+1(7.5+3.9)6.62.5+3.66.63.5+3153.5+1513.62=5061.38KNG= G5+G4+G3+G2+G1= 23240.4KN四.水平地震作用下的框架内
13、力分析1、梁线刚度: 在计算梁线刚度时,考虑楼板对梁刚度的有利影响,即板作为翼缘工作。在工程上,为简化计算,通常梁均先按矩形截面计算某惯性矩I0,然后乘以增大系数。中框架梁I=2.0I0 边框架梁I=1.5I0梁采用C30混凝土,EC=3107 KN/m2 Ic=1/12bh(m4)梁的线刚度bhm2LI0=bh3/1210-3 m4边框架梁中框架梁Ib=1.5I010-3 m4Kb=EI/L104KN.m4I=2.0I010-3m4Kb =EI/L104KN.m40.250.56.62.603.901.775.22.360.30.67.55.408.103.2410.804.322、柱的线刚
14、度: 柱子采用C30混凝土 Ec=3.0107 kN/m 首层高度5.4m 2-5层高度3.9m 柱子截面采用: 600mm600mm一般层: = D=首层: = D=层数层高m 柱号根数bhmmKc=EcIc /H104KN.m12/h1/m DD楼层Di104KN/m 2-5 3.9Z140.60.68.310.390.160.791.054.221.928Z220.520.211.3792.758Z340.520.211.3795.516Z420.780.281.8382.758Z511.040.342.2322.232Z621.040.342.2324.464 层数层高m 柱号根数bh
15、mmKc=EcIc /H104KN.m12/h1/m DD楼层Di104KN/m 1 5.4Z140.60.66.00.540.4490.411.0064.024 17.339Z220.720.4491.1052.21Z340.720.4491.1054.42Z421.080.5131.2622.524Z511.440.5641.3871.387Z621.440.5641.3872.774D1/D2 =17.339/21.928=79% 70% 满足要求3、 自振周期计算: 采用能量法计算层数楼层重力荷载代表值Gi(KN)楼层剪力Vi=Gi(KN)侧移刚度Di(KN/m)层间侧移i=Vi/Di
16、(m)楼层侧移i=i(m)GiiGii53689.693689.692192800.0170.335123641444861.188550.872192800.0390.318154649134861.1813412.052192800.0610.279135637824861.1818273.232192800.0830.218106023115061.3823334.611733900.1350.1356839223334.6158811606(1).计算T1及1:;T1=T1=1.70.65=0.58(s)场地为类,设计地震分组第一组,查得Tg=0.35s,因为T11.4Tg=0.49
17、,所以n=0又根据抗震规范可知:=0.05,2=1.0,r=0.9而 max=0.08(多遇地震)max=0.50(罕遇地震) 又因为:Tg T1 5 Tg ,所以1=(Tg/ T1)2max=(0.35/0.58)1.00.08=0.051(2).平地震作用(底部剪力法)=0.8523334.61=19834.41 KNFEK=1Geq=0.05119834.41=1011.56 KN又由于n=0 所以Fi= FEK(计算见下表)=213690+17.14861+13.24861+9.34861+5.45061=297315 KN.m质点Hi(m)Gi(KN)FEK(KN)nFn(KN)Fi
18、(KN)Vi(KN)(=0.16)52136901011.5600263.65263.6559.04417.14861282.81546.46136.81313.24861282.81764.77214.5929.34861153.81918.58292.3715.4506192.981011.56373.34(3).水平地震作用下的层间位移和顶点位移计算:(见下表)层次Vi(KN)Hi(m)Di104(KN/m)uei=Vi/di10-4 (M)uei/ hi5263.652121.92812.021/174704546.4617.121.92824.921/68623764.7713.22
19、1.92834.881/37842918.589.321.92841.891/222011011.565.417.33958.341/926 满足规范规定的弹性要求。(4)剪力图(KN) (5)水平地震作用下框架柱剪力和柱端弯矩(D值法)反弯点到柱下端结点的距离,即反弯点高度。标准反弯点高度比。上下横粱线刚度比对标准反弯点高度比的修正系数。上层层高变化修正值。下层层高变化修正值。根据框架总层数,该柱所在层数和梁柱线刚度比查表得。中框架边柱层h(m)y0y1y2y3y53.90.520.30.0000.0000.0000.343.90.520.40.0000.0000.0000.433.90.5
20、20.450.0000.0000.0000.4523.90.520.500.0000.0000.0000.5015.40.720.690.0000.0000.0000.69中框架中柱层h(m)y0y1y2y3y53.91.040.350.0000.0000.0000.3543.91.040.450.0000.0000.0000.4533.91.040.450.0000.0000.0000.4523.91.040.500.0000.0000.0000.5015.41.440.650.0000.0000.0000.65中框架边柱层H(m)Di(KN/m)D(KN/m)D/DiVi(KN)Vik(K
21、N)M下(KNm)M上(KNm)53.9219280137900.0692263.2516.560.316.7947.7943.9219280137900.0692546.4634.370.446.9287.1333.9219280137900.0692764.77948.100.4584.41103.1723.9219280137900.0692918.5857.780.5112.67112.6715.4173390110500.06371011.5664.660.69240.10107.87中框架中柱层H(m)Di(KN/m)D(KN/m)D/DiVi(KN)Vik(KN)M下(KNm)M
22、上(KNm)53.9219280223200.101263.2526.580.3536.2867.3843.9219280223200.101546.4655.190.4586.10129.1433.9219280223200.101764.7777.240.45135.56165.6823.9219280223200.101918.5892.780.5180.96180.9615.4173390138700.0801011.5680.920.65262.18174.78注: 柱上端矩:MC上=Vij(1-y)h ; 柱上端弯矩:MC下= Vij y h ;(6)水平地震作用下梁端弯矩按下式计
23、算:B1= KB1/(KB1+KB2)MB1=(MC上+MC下)B1 B2= KB2/(KB1+KB2)MB2=(MC上+MC下)B2层次9/B轴10/B轴MC上MC下B1M1/C1/EMC上MC下B1B2M1/E1/CM1/E2/E547.7916.78147.7967.3836.280.50.533.6933.69487.1346.92193.91129.1486.100.50.582.7182.713101.1784.411147.09165.58135.560.50.5125.84125.842112.67112.671197.08180.96180.960.50.5158.41158
24、.411107.87204.101220.54174.78262.180.50.5177.87177.87(7)水平地震作用下的梁端剪力和柱轴力标准值:层次9/B 10/B跨梁端剪力10/B 11/B跨梁端剪力柱轴力L(m)L(m)边柱(KN)中柱(KN)57.547.7933.6910.867.533.6947.7910.8610.86047.593.9182.7123.557.582.7193.9123.5534.41037.5147.09125.8436.397.5125.84147.0936.3970.80027.5197.08158.4647.407.5158.41197.0847.
25、40118.2017.5220.54177.8753.127.5218.48270.5453.12171.320(8)水平地震作用下的框架内力图如下: 五.水平风载作用下的框架内力分析辽阳地区+基本风压 0.5 5KN/m ; 风载体形变化系数: 按C类地区查表:离地高度5101520z0.740.740.740.84风震系数:由于房屋高度未超过30m,所以z=1.0wk=zszwoFWki= wkiAi翼缘部分层zszW0WkFWk51.00.8+0.50.840.5519.4711.6840.8425.7415.4430.7425.7413.6420.7425.7413.6410.7427
26、.2314.431. 水平风载作用下的层间剪力图如下:2. 水平风载作用下框架柱剪力和柱弯矩:3.边柱(中框)层次H(m)Di(KN/m)D(KN/m)D/DiVi(KN)Vik(KN)M下(KNm)M上(KNm)53.9219280137900.062911.680.7350.260.752.2143.9219280137900.062927.121.7060.352.334.3233.9219280137900.062940.762.560.454.495.4923.9219280137900.062954.43.420.546.007.3415.4173390110500.063768.
27、834.380.6916.327.33中柱(中框)层次H(m)Di(KN/m)D(KN/m)D/DiVi(KN)Vik(KN)M下(KNm)M上(KNm)53.9219280223200.10111.681.180.351.612.9943.9219280223200.10127.122.740.44.236.4133.9219280223200.10140.764.120.457.238.8423.9219280223200.10154.45.490.510.7110.7115.4173390138700.08068.835.510.6519.3410.41注:(1) ;(2);(3)3.水
28、平风载作用下梁端弯矩按下式计算:B1= KB1/(KB1+KB2)MB1=(MC上+MC下)B1 B2= KB2/(KB1+KB2)MB2=(MC上+MC下)B2层次9/B轴10/B轴MC上MC下B1M1/C1/EMC上MC下B1B2M1/E1/CM1/E2/E52.120.7512.212.991.160.50.51.4951.49544. 322.3315.076.414.230.50.54.014.0135.494.4917.828.847.230.50.56.5356.53527.346.00111.8310.7110.710.50.58.928.9217.3316.32113.331
29、0.4119.340.50.510.5610.563. 水平风载作用下的梁端剪力和柱轴力标准值:层次9/B 10/B跨梁端剪力10/B 11/B跨梁端剪力柱轴力L(m)L(m)边柱(KN)中柱(KN)57.52.121.4950.487.51.4952.120.480.48047.55.074.021.217.54.015.071.211.69037.57.826.5351.917.56.5357.821.192.6027.511.838.972.777.58.9711.832.776.37017.513.3310.563.197.510.5613.333.199.5604. 水平风载作用下的
30、弯矩、剪力、轴力图:(见图)六.框架在竖向荷载作用下的内力分析1.框架计算简图:(1) 屋面板均布荷载传递路线:(2) 竖向荷载作用下梁的计算简图:(见第20页)2、竖向荷载计算:1)恒载:(1) 屋面梁上线荷载标准值:梁自重: 边跨梁(300600): 0. 60.326=4.68 KN/m屋面板荷载:屋面板边跨为3.75m6.6m,属于双向板。对所计算的框架梁传递三角形荷载。折算系数:边跨:1=0.5 1-22+3=0.625屋面梁上线荷载标准值为:边跨:g1 =(5.730.6251.8752)2 + 4.68 = 31.57 KN/m(2)楼面梁上线荷载标准值: 边跨:g3 =4.68
31、+4.030.6251.87522=23.57 KN/m 2)活荷载:(1)屋面:q1=0.50.6251.87522=2.34 KN/m(2)楼面:边跨 q3=2.00.6251.87522=9.38 KN/m附:次梁上的集中荷载:(1) 恒载:屋面: =1.875/6.6=0.284 1-22+3=0.86G1=0.865.731.8756.62=121.96KN G2=3.256.6=21.45 KN G= G1+ G2=143.41 KN 楼面:=1.875/6.6=0.284 1-22+3=0.86G1=0.864.031.8756.62=85.78 KN G2=3.256.6=21
32、.45 KN G= G1+ G2=107.23 KN(2) 活载:屋面:=1.875/6.6=0.284 1-22+3=0.86Q=0.80.51.8756.62=10.64 KN楼面:=1.875/6.6=0.284 1-22+3=0.86Q=0.862.01.8756.62=42.57KN边纵梁产生的集中荷载:(1)恒载:女儿墙:6.61180.24=28.51KN 纵梁:4.686.6=30.89KN屋面:5.73(6.6-1.875)1.875=50.76KN 外墙:(6.63.3-2.12.42)4.55=53.24KN 楼面:40.3(6.6-1.875)1.875=35.70KN
33、(2)活载:屋面:0.5(6.6-1.875)1.875=4.43 KN楼面:2(6.6-1.875)1.875=17.72 KN中纵梁产生的集中荷载:(1)恒载: 纵梁:4.686.6=30.89KN屋面:5.73(6.6-1.875)1.8752=101.52KN 楼面:40.3(6.6-1.875)1.8752=71.4KN(2)活载:屋面:0.5(6.6-1.875)1.8752=8.86 KN楼面:2(6.6-1.875)1.8752=34.44 KN3、梁固端弯矩:均布荷载Mab=-1/12QL2 Mba=1/12QL2 集中荷载Mab=-1/8FL Mab=1/8FL 荷载部位跨度m均布荷载KN/m固端弯矩KN.m集中荷载KN/m固端弯矩KN.m总弯矩KN.m左右左右左右恒载57.531.54-147.84147.84143.41-134.44134.44-282.28282.281-47.523.57-110.48110.48107.23-100.53100.53-211.01211.01活载57.52.34-10.9710.9710.64-9.989.98-20.9520.951-47.59.38-43.9743.9742.57-39.9139.91-86.5486.544、内力分配系数计算:由于除底层柱是固定端外,其他各层柱都是相互弹性连接,为减少误差,除