小升初英语冠词专项.doc

冠词

1、定义
冠词是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。
2、分类
冠词分为不定冠词a, an 和定冠词the

I. 不定冠词a/an的用法：
1
指一类人或事，相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
2
第一次提及某人某物，非特指
A boy is waiting for you.
3
表示“每一”相当于every，one
We study eight hours a day.
4
表示“相同”相当于the same
We are nearly of an age.
5
用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
6
用于quite, half, what, such之后
This room is rather a big one.
Such a lovely girl!
What a lovely boy!
7
固定词组
a couple of, a bit,a little, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk,a lot of
have a good time,have a rest,a pair of,a piece of,catch a cold

注：表示一个要用a/an,如果单词音标是以元音因素开始用an,辅音因素开始用a

常考跟a/an的单词或字母

apple/orange/ant/umbrella/elephant ‘u’
hour/honest boy
eight-year-old boy/eleven-year-old girl uniform
an Englishman/Australian/American a
old man/orange hat useful book
‘m’ ‘n’ ‘h’ ‘f’ ‘l’ ‘s’ ‘x’
interesting story/exciting movie university student

II. 定冠词the的用法：
1
表示特指某些人或事物
The girl in red is my sister
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the moon,the sun,the earth,the sky,the sea
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
This is an orange.The orange is orange.
4
用于乐器前面
play the violin/guitar/flute/drums/trumpet/erhu/piano
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
the rich, the living,the old
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
the Greens, the Wangs
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
Sunday is the first day of a week.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前
the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
the United Kingdom,the Yellow River
9
指世纪的某个年代
in the 1990’s
10
用于方位名词
Shanghai is in the east of China.
11
习惯用法
in the morning/afternoon/evening,on the left/right
the Spring Festival,in the sun
定冠词用法口诀： 特指 重提 和唯一，岛屿 海峡和海湾。
海洋 党派 最高级，沙漠 河流和群山。
方位 顺序 和乐器，年代 团体和机关。
姓氏 复数 国全名，千万别忘用定冠。
III. 零冠词的用法：
1
某些专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前
Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2
名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制
I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?
3
季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前
March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4
表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前
Lincoln was made President of America.
5
学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前
He likes playing football/chess.
6
与by连用表示交通工具的名词前
by train, by air, by land
7
以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8
表示泛指的复数名词前
Horses are useful animals.
9
习惯用语
from Monday to Friday,day and night,in bed,on foot,on duty,
At night/noon,in class,at dinner
零冠词用法口诀： 下列情况应免冠， 代词限定名词。
专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭。
复数名词有泛指，两节假期月份前。
颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。

IV.看上去相似，但在意义上有区别的介词短语
at table 在进餐，在桌旁吃饭
（1） at the table 在桌旁，在桌子边=beside the table

in front of the bus 在汽车前（外）
（2） in the front of the bus 在汽车的前（内）

in class 在课上
（3） in the class 在这个班

in bed 卧床，在睡觉
（7） in the bed 在床上

in hospital 住院（指病人）
（8） in the hospital （因事）在医院

实战演练

一、判断正误。（√，×）
a story( ) a apple ( ) a paper（ ） a orange（ ）
a pretty woman（ ） an school ( ) an useful book ( )

二、用正确的a和an填空。
1、（ ）cat can catch mice.
2、The ant is ( ) insect .
3、Lucy spends ( )hour doing her home work everyday .
4、Bob's father is ( )engineer .
5、John is ( ) honest boy

三、在空格内填上a或an
1. _____ear        2.______actor  3. _____hen       4. ______toy     
5. ______university 6. ______elephant  7. ______hat     8.______umbrella
9.______rabbit      10.______idea 11.______hour     12_______ honest boy 
13.______interesting book  14.______easy question 15.______orange dress 

四，单项选择。
( )1.It’s orange, orange is orange.
A.a,the B.an,The C.an,a
( )2.What’s your favourite sports? high jump.
A.A B.The C./
( )3.Is basketball yours?
A.a B.the C./
( )4.Look at egg.It’s big egg.
A.an,a B.the,a C.the,an
( )5.I want to buy English book
A.an B.a C.the
( )6.Look, students are cleaning classroom.
A.a,a B.the,the C.the,an
( )7.Turn left at third crossing.The hotel is on right.
A.the,the B.a,the C.the,a
( )8.Do you want orange coat.
A.the B.an C.a
( )9.Sometimes we watch TV in evening.
A.a B.the C./
( )10.Would you like glass of milk?
A.the B.an C.a
( )11.What is lady doing?
She’s reading in sun.
A.the,a B.the,the C.a,the
( )12.That’s nice picture.May I have look?
A.the,a B.the,the C.a,a
( )13.We can see sun in afternoon.
A.the,the B.a,/ C.the,/
( )14.There is some bread on plate.
A.an B.a C.the
( )15.Have you got clock?
A.a B.an C.the
( )16.Look at girl. She’s eating big apple.
A.a,the B.the,a C.the,an
( )17.One of students is my friend.
A.a B.the C.an
( )18.These clothes are same.
A.a B.the C.an
( )19. yellow sweater is mine.
A.A B.The C.An
( )20.She swims for _____hour every morning.
A. a B.the C.an
( )21.My father is _____office worker.
A. a B.an C.the
( )22.Sunday is ____first day of a week.
A. a B.the C.an
( )23.There is ___empty box on the plate.
A. a B.the C.an
( )24.There’s ______old man under the tree._____ man is my grandfather.
A.an The B./ The C. a A
( )25.Can you play ______violin ?
A. / B. the C. a
( )26.Miss White is from ______USA. She is _____ American.
A.the / B.the an C.the a
( )27.Is there _____ “e” in the word “meat” ?
A. a B.the C. an
( )28.Mrs Brown has not _______long hair
A. / B. a C, the
( )29.Does Meihua live on ______third floor ?
A, an B. the C.a
( )30.Which is ______ fifth day of a week ?
A.the B. / C.an
( )31.Do you like listen to ______ radio and listen to ______ music ?
A ./ the B. the the C. the，/
( )32. Janet has two friends. One is American, _____other is Australian.
A. / B. the C..a
( )33. Are the trousers _______same or _____differernt ?
A. the the B. / the C.the /
( )34.Please don’t talk in ______ class .
A .the B. / C. a
( )35.Kate,don’t read in ______bed and in ________ sun .
A. / the B. the / C.the the
( )36.Is that _______ toy animal ? Yes ,_____animal is mine .
A .a the B. an the C. a the
( )37. _______ young lady is our maths teacher .
A. A B. The C. /
( )38．Look! some birds are flying in________ sky .
A. / B. a C. the
( )39.That’s _________ big apple .________apple is mine.
A. an The B. a The C. / an
( )40.Which is your father ? ______ man in brown .
A. A B. The C. /
( )41.We are in ________same grade ,but in ________ different classes .
A.the the B. the / C./ the
( )42.She’s ______Chinese ,her friend is _________ American girl .
A. / an B. / , / C. a an
( )43. Let’s meet at eight in ________ .morning
A. this B. the C. /
( )44.Shall we go there by ______ bike ? Sorry ,I can’t ride ______ bikes .
A. the / B. / the C. / /
( )45. Can you see _____ orange box ? Sorry ,I can only see _____ empty yellow boxes .
A . the an B . an an C. an /
( )46．Is Mr Smith _______ art teacher of your school ?
A. an B.a C. the
( )47.Kate’s grandmother is _____ old worker.
A. a B. an C.the
( )48.Jack is _____ Australian boy .
A. a B. an C.the
( )49._______ sun is in the sky .
A. A B. An C.The
( )50.Take out _______”e” from egg .
A. a B. an C.the
( )51.Which is Mr Black ?_____ tall one.
A. a B. an C.the
( )52.What’s _____ name of this dog ? Brown .
A. a B. an C.the
( )53.He goes fishing for ________ hour every day .
A. a B. an C.the
( )54.Turn on _______TV ,please .
A. a B. an C.the
( )55.Don’t talk in ______ class .
A. / B. an C.the
( )56.My brother likes singing ______ lot .
A. a B. an C.the
( )57.There is _____piece of paper on the desk .
A. a B. an C.the
( )58.Thanks ____ lot .
A. a B. an C.the
( )59.Let’s go to school by ______ bike .
A. / B. an C.the
( )60.Please play ____ piano once again .
A. a B. an C.the
( )61.We like play ____ football very much .
A. / B. an C.the
( )62.The black car is ______ English car .
A. a B. an C.the
( )63. Kate is _______ eleven—year—old girl ?
A.an B.a C.the
( )64. old man is my uncle.
A.a B./ C.the
( )65.It’s time to go to school.
A.a B./ C.the