选修八unit-3知识点.doc

南中学案 英语 （选修八） B
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
Language points （重点词汇）
编号：013 编写者：马立明 审核者：焦丽勇
学习目标：
1、掌握核心单词和短语的用法。
2、掌握词汇在具体语境中的含义、词性和用法。.
学习任务：重点单词或短语（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. 1 双语释义 v．区分；辨别；分清(recognize the difference between)；成为……的特征(be characteristic)；使有别于
(1)句型转换 ①The boy could not distinguish cotton from wool.
→The boy could not ________ ___________ cotton _____ wool.
②She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery.
→She______ ______________ _____ her coolness and bravery.
归纳拓展
distinguish between...and...＝distinguish...from... ____________________________
____________________ 显扬自己；使自己扬名
_______________ adj.杰出的；著名的be distinguished from____________
be distinguished for________________be distinguished by_________________
2 双语释义 adj.方便的；便利的；就近的(easy or quick to do or get to a place) (1)用适当的介、副词填空
①I keep my reference books near my desk ______convenience.
②Will it be convenient _____ you to start work tomorrow?
③Please send me an answer _____your convenience.
归纳拓展______________ n.方便；便利；便利的事物(或设施)
sth.be convenient for sb./sth. ________________________
___________________________ (某人)方便做某事 for convenience _______________
at one’s convenience__________________ for the convenience of sb._______________
易错提示 convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于“It is convenient for sb.to do sth.”及“sth.be convenient for sb.”结构中。
3 双语释义 给……打电话(ring up)；征召入伍(draft)；使回忆起(recall)
(1)同义词语替换
I’ll call_the_manager_up tomorrow. ____________________
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
①The smell of the sea called _____ memories of her childhood.
②The game was called _____ because of bad weather.
③Call _____the numbers so that we can hear them at the back.
④Why don’t you call _____ my sister when you’re in Brighton?
⑤I’ll call _____ you at 8 o’clock and we’ll go there together.
⑥Cars with serious faults have been called _____ by the manufacturers.
归纳拓展
__________取消, _____________召回；叫来；请来 call out________________
call for____________ __________拜访；要求；号召
4 双语释义 (设法)做完(manage to do or complete)；通过(be officially accepted)；接通电话(contact sb. by telephone)；度过(时间)；用完，耗尽(use up)；使某人理解(make sb. understand)
(1)写出下列句子中get through的汉语意思
①I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn’t get through. _______________
②We got through a fortune while we were in New York！___________
③She got all her students through the exam.___________
归纳拓展get across________________ get down to__________________(to为介词)
______________克服 ____________________到处走动；传播出去
5 双语释义 不挂断；稍等(hold on)；紧紧握住(hold tightly)；坚持，不放弃(continue doing，not give up)
用适当的介、副词填空①There are always kids hanging ________________ in the streets.
②I know you’re tired，but try to hang ____a bit longer.
③Don’t hang ______—go and introduce yourself.
④After I hung______I remembered what I’d wanted to say.
归纳拓展 hang about/around________________ hang back/hold back____________
____________________________抓紧某物；保留，不卖掉；不放弃
hang up/ring off_______________
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
Language points （重点短语句式和语法）
编号：014 编写者：马立明 审核者：焦丽勇
学习目标：
1、掌握核心单词和短语的用法。
2、掌握词汇在具体语境中的含义、词性和用法。.
学习任务：
I. 重点短语（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
6 双语释义 偶尔；有时(from time to time；occasionally)
(1)完成句子
①She likes to go to the cinema _________________. 她偶尔喜欢去看电影。
②__________________I’ll try to do better.从现在起，我要尽量做得更好。
③In order to relax themselves，they go to the seaside _____________________.
为了放松，他们不时到海边去。
归纳拓展 from time to time_____________ (every) now and again_____________
____________从现在开始，今后 just now_______ by now/until now/up to now__________

1. Follow it up， explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.
跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。

(1)Make another effort，_______ you’ll succeed. 再尝试一次，你会成功的。
②Start out right away，________you’ll miss the first train.
归纳拓展“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”是并列句的一个固定句式。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。在“祈使句＋并列连词＋陈述句”句型中，也可以用“名词＋并列连词＋陈述句”表示。
2. Snakes come near the house now and then， and they seem to have made their home here， not far from the walnut tree.
蛇不时来到我们房子旁边，似乎在离核桃树不远处安家了。

(1)完成句子 ①Jack seems_to_have_known the truth.He knows much about it.
＝_____________________Jack has known the truth.He knows much about it.
Jack 似乎已经知道真相了。他了解很多。
②I ____________________ my book at home. 我大概把书忘在家里了。
③He _________________________. 他似乎喜欢英语。
归纳拓展(1)seem to have done 似乎已经……(说明已发生)
(2)seem to do 似乎…… (说明现在或将来)(3)以上句型可以转换为It seems/seemed that...
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用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)Would you like some ________ (fry) chips?
(2)There are lots of _________ (fall) leaves on the ground.
(3)He looked at me with an ____________ look.Obviously he was ____________(interest)．
(4)I wonder if this is the computer you want to have ___________ (repair)．
(5)The first text books ___________(write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century
微写作:
写作素材
1．Jackson先生是一个谨慎的商人，他的产品获得了专利。
2．但是，后来他发现他的产品没有达到标准。
3．他抓住机会来改善产品。
4．他希望自己的产品能经受得住检验，他的收入会稳定一些。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Mr. Jackson was a __________ businessman and he got a __________ for his ________. But later he found his products didn’t live up to their _________.He _________ the chance to improve them and he ____________ his product could ________ the tests and his income would have a __________ increase.

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
单元要点回顾
编号：015 编写者：马立明 审核者：焦丽勇
A．基础单词1．________ n．专利证书；专利权2．________ vi.&vt.显出……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 3．________ n．粉末；火药4．________ n．香水；香味
5．________ n．小心；谨慎 6．________ vt.抓住；捉住；夺
7．________ adj.有效的；确凿的 8．________ n．文件；档案；文件夹 vt.提交；将……归档 9．________ n．线；绳子；一串10．________ n．胶；胶水 vt.粘贴；粘合
11．________ adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的12．________ vt.忍受；忍耐；负担
13．________ n．(水或气)流；电流 adj.现在的； 14______adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的
B．词汇拓展 15．________adj.宽大的；仁慈的→________n．仁慈；宽恕
16．________n．产品→________v．生产→________n．生产→________n．生产者；
17．________adj.方便的→________n．方便；便利
18．________n．期待；预期→________v．预期；期盼
19．________adj.消极的→________adj.反义词
20．________adj.突然的；意外的→________adv.突然地；意外地
21．________n．立方体；立方→________adj.立方的
22．________adj.高兴的；愉快的→________adv.愉快地
23．________n．(评判的)标准；尺度→________(复数形式)
24．________adj.成熟的；熟的→________v．熟；成熟
25．________vt.联想；联系→________n．联想；联合；协会
26．________adj.实际的；实践的；→__________v.练习；训练→________n.练习；训练
27．________n．扩大；延伸；电话分机→________v．延长；伸展；扩展→________adj.伸出的；扩大的；延长的
28．________v．悬挂；把……吊起→________(过去分词)
29．________n．能力；胜任；本领→________adj.有能力的；有资格的
A．短语互译1．________________给……打电话2．________________有时；偶尔
3．________________着手；开始 4．________________申请
5．________________把……和……区别开 6．dive into________________
7．set out to do sth._______________ _8．hang on________________
9．out of order________________ 10．get through________________
11．ring back________________ 12．ring off________________
B．用上面词组的适当形式完成下列句子
13．Please ______ a second；I'll look for the manager and tell him you are on the phone for him.
14．I can't go to the cinema because I've got a lot of work to ________.
15．I suppose I'd better ________ now－we've been on the phone for over an hour.
16．He ________ the river immediately to rescue the drowning girl.
17．Because the lift was ________，we had to walk up the stairs.
18．He ________ to do a lot of things，but didn't succeed.
19．He isn't here now－could you ________ later?
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型
1．Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition_can_you say that you are truly an inventor.
【句式仿写】　只有自己错的时候，女人才宽恕人。
______________________________________________
2.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.【句式仿写】　这个大衣太贵了我买不起。
______________________________________________
3．Nor_will_you_receive_a_patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's.【句式仿写】　我刚要上床睡觉，电话就响了。
______________________________________________
4．Every_time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.
【句式仿写】　他每次来这里都能给我一些好的建议。
______________________________________________
5．Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 【句式仿写】　为什么不趁早着手做家务？
______________________________________________
6．The patent was given in 1876，but it_was_not_until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.
【句式仿写】　直到他摘下太阳镜后我们才认出他。
______________________________________________
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