我的英语错题本含变式训练-毕业论文.doc

我的错题本(含变式训练)_20141202_213230
[第81页 Cloze 26]　(2012中山一中高三第二次统测A)
At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but 　1　I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to a halt. I looked left, right, 　2　behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat, 　3　(wait) for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.
I started wondering 　4　I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of 　5　(catch) by the police, because there was obviously no policeman anywhere around and 　6　certainly would have been no danger in going through it.
Much later that night, the 　7　question of why I' d stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it' s part of a contract we all have with each other. It' s not only the law, but it' s 　8　agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: We don' t go through red lights. Like most of us, I' m more ready to be stopped 　9　doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it 　10　by any law against it.
[答案]　1.as/when    2.and    3.waiting    4.why    5.being caught    6.there    7.same    8.an    9.from    10.than
[解析]　[语篇解读]　作者分析了自己不闯红灯的原因。
1.as/when　句意: 当我驶近红绿灯的时候, 灯变红了。
2.and　left, right 与behind三个表方位的词并列。
3.waiting　现在分词短语作伴随状语。
4.why　句意: 我开始思考为什么我不愿闯红灯。
5.being caught　介词后用动名词, 这里指“害怕被抓”, 用被动语态。例: After being classified, the fruit was shipped abroad.
6.there　there be 句型, 并用于过去将来完成时中, 表虚拟语气, 例: There would have been no losses in the disaster if the government had taken effective measures.
7.same　同样的问题, 即“为什么我不愿闯红灯” 。
8.an　不定冠词用法。
9.from　stop/keep... from doing“阻止……干……”, 用于主动语态时, from可省略, 但是在被动语态中不能省略, 例: We should stop/prevent such accident(from) happening. =Such accident should be stopped/prevented from happening.
10.than　句意: 比起(than) 用法律阻止人们干坏事, 我更愿意(more ready) 被不赞成一些行为的社会协议所阻止而不去干坏事。
[变式训练]　（2014河北省唐山市高三第一次模拟考试）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Christmas is no fun when you' re poor. Twenty years ago I was a young,   61   （struggle）, substitute（替补）teacher whose calls into work had been few. Money was tight, bills were due    62    my wife and I couldn' t even afford to get Christmas gifts for each other. The only gifts we could get for our children were a few soft toys that I had found    63     （sell）at half price in the supermarket. I opened the door and brought in the gifts I    64     （hide） in our old car' s trunk. Then I handed    65     to my son and daughter. I watched with a sad smile as they did their best to tear off the wrapping (包装）paper. As they pulled out their toys, though, I noticed their    66    lit up and they jumped up and down. My daughter    67    （happy） hugged her toy and then hugged her Mom and me as well. I laughed as I watched my children play with their toys _  68 _ hours, and Thanked God for the  69 _ （great）gift that had ever been given. Till today I still treasure     70     gift of pure love that my son and daughter gave me that day.
[变式答案]　61. struggling    62. so/and    63. sold    64. had hidden    65. them/the gifts    66. eyes/faces    67. happily    68. for    69. greatest    70. the
[变式解析]　[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。在生活最拮据的岁月，我却收获了一份让我终生视为珍宝的圣诞礼物。
61. struggling　　 struggling是由现在分词演变来的形容词，意为“奋斗的，（为生活）苦苦挣扎的” 。 a young, struggling, substitute teacher一名苦苦挣扎的年轻代课教师。
62. so/and　　我和妻子不能给彼此买圣诞礼物是因为收入微薄，账单到期。故上下文之间存在因果关系。
63. sold　　将定语从句还原成简单句，即：I had found a few soft toys sold… 这时不难看出，a few soft toys是sold的逻辑主语，两者间为被动关系，故应使用过去分词作宾语补足语。
64. had hidden　　 I had hidden in our old car' s trunk是定语从句，修饰先行词the gifts，关系代词that/which在从句中作hide的宾语，故可以省略。且hide这个动作先于主句谓语动词发生，故应使用过去完成时态。
65. them/the gifts　　我把礼物递给我的儿子和女儿。
66. eyes/faces　　 light up常和sb’s eyes/face连用，表示“喜形于色” 。
67. happily　　我的女儿高兴地拥抱着她的玩具。副词修饰动词。
68. for　　 for hours表示“很久，好几个小时” 。
69. greatest    这是上帝赐予我的最好的礼物。
70. the    定冠词the这里表示特指，意为“这份儿女给予我的纯洁的爱的礼物” 。

[第81页 Cloze 25]　(2012广东高三模拟)
Lao Tzu was traveling with his followers. They came to a forest 　1　hundreds of woodcutters were cutting the trees. 　2　whole forest had been cut except for one big tree 　3　thousands of branches. It was so big 　4　10,000 persons could sit in its shade.
Lao Tzu told his followers 　5　(go) and ask why this tree had not been cut. They went and asked the woodcutters and they said, “This tree is absolutely 　6　(use). You cannot make anything out of it because every branch has so many knots in it—nothing is straight. You cannot use it as fuel because the smoke is dangerous 　7　the eyes. This tree is absolutely useless, and that' s 　8　we haven' t cut it.” The followers came back and told Lao Tzu. He laughed and said, “Be like this tree. If you are useful you will be cut and you will become furniture in somebody' s house. If you are beautiful you 　9　(sell) in the market. Be like this tree, and you will grow big and vast and thousands of people will find shade under 　10　.”
[答案]　1.where    2.The    3.with    4.that    5.to go    6.useless    7.to    8.why    9.will be sold    10.you
[解析]　[语篇解读]　老子与门徒来到森林边, 林木被伐尽, 只有一棵树因“无用” 而幸存下来。
1.where　引导定语从句, where在句中作地点状语。
2.The　特指整个森林, 用定冠词。
3.with　介词短语作后置定语, with意为“带有, 具有” 。
4.that　引导结果状语从句, so... that... 意为“如此……以至于……” 。
5.to go　tell sb. to do sth. 意为“叫某人做某事” 。
6.useless　根据下文可知, 此树无用才没被砍伐, 所以填形容词useless。
7.to　be dangerous to意为“对……有危险” 。
8.why　引导表语从句, 意为“……的原因” 。
9.will be sold　条件状语从句中, 时态遵循“主将从现” 原则。例: If I have time, I will read a novel.
10.you　句意: 成为这棵树吧, 那么你会长大, 成千上万的人将在你(you) (成为的这棵树) 下得到阴凉。
[变式训练]　Here is a question that every person （even you） should think about what you will leave behind when you die. “I’m too young to think about that,” you may say．Wrong! Perhaps your mind goes to the__41__assets that you hope to acquire in the future—perhaps a house, a car, or a bank account．Sure, those things may be further down the road, but if you have an email address, own a collection of digital music and movies, use a social networking site, have an online photo album, or write a blog, then you are the proud owner of what is now being called__42___“assets”．We all naturally assume that our possession will go to our loved ones when we die.At some point, you’ll probably even write a will which states who should inherit what．People are now starting to realize that simply listing our material possessions may not be enough．Researcher sat the University of London recently__43__that more and more Britons are now deciding who should get their digital photos, music, videos and so on—the“digital in heritance.”
What about passwords to online accounts? Wouldn’t this naturally be__44__ to your next of kin? Absolutely not!Privacy laws around the world__45_to protect the privacy of the deceased over the desire of the family to retrieve their loved one’s personal information．A Ms. Wang of Shenyang, China recently discovered this when she tried to__46__her dead husband’s QQ account．Tencent, the operator of QQ,_47__her request based on their terms of use, which states “the right to use anaccount belongs solely to the ­­­­­___48__ applicant, and this right shall not be_49__, loaned, rented, transferred or sold．” Since Ms．Wang’s husband had not given her his password before his death, she had no foot to stand on．
A．original　　　　　 B．digital　　　　　　C．physical　　　 D．discovered　　　 E．gifted
F．released　　　　G．reported　　　　H．refused　　　　I．access　　　　　　　　J．tend
[变式答案]　CBDFJ　　IHAE
[变式解析]　41.C　　该句后面列举的东西都是属于物质方面的资产，故选physical，意为：物质的。
42.B　　该空前面列举的这些资产都是网络和保存在电脑上的，属于“数码资产”，故选digital。
43.D　　句意：伦敦大学的研究人员最近发现(discover)…… 后面是发现的东西，应该用discovered。
44.F　　此处应该是表达：这些密码难道不应该告诉你的近亲吗？release the password公布密码。
45.J　　此处指法律倾向于保护这些，应该用tend to do sth.。
46.I　　此处指这位妇女想登陆(access)他丈夫的QQ账号，但是不知道密码，造成了损失。
47.H　　根据情境此处是QQ管理员根据原则拒绝了(refuse)她的登陆请求。
48.A　　此处指的是该QQ的最初申请使用者，original原来的、最初的。
49.E　　这项权利不应该用来赠予(gift)、借出、租借、转让或买卖。

[第81页 Cloze 24]　(2012广东高三模拟)
The following words were written on the tomb of an Anglican Bishop(主教) in the Crypts of Westminster Abbey(西敏寺):
When I was young and free and my 　1　(imagine) had no limits, I dreamed of changing the world. 　2　I grew older and wiser, I discovered the world would not change, so I 　3　(short) my sights somewhat and decided to change only my country. But 　4　, too, seemed immovable.
As I grew 　5　my twilight years(晚年), in one last desperate attempt, I settled for changing only my family, those 　6　(close) to me, 　7　alas, they would have 　8　of it. And now as I lie on my deathbed, I suddenly realize: If I had only changed myself first, then by example I 　9　(change) my family.
From their inspiration and encouragement, I would then have been able 　10　(better) my country and, who knows, I may have even changed the world.
[答案]　1.imagination    2.As    3.shortened    4.it    5.into    6.closest    7.but    8.none    9.would have changed    10.to better
[解析]　[语篇解读]　改变世界从改变自己开始, 因为在我们改变自己的同时也潜移默化地影响着家庭。在他们的鼓舞和激励下, 我们可能会使我们的国家变得更美好, 从某种角度来看, 也正改变着世界。
1.imagination　在形容词性物主代词后要用名词形式。
2.As　表示“随着”, 要用as引导时间状语从句。
3.shortened　作谓语要用动词, 由上下文可知, 要用一般过去时。
4.it　替代前文中的to change only my country。
5.into　表示“长成” 用grow into。
6.closest　“家人” 是“最亲近的人” 。
7.but　前后是转折关系。alas 唉, 哎呀(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) 例: Alas! He missed the train! 哎呀! 他误了火车了!
8.none　have none of(=refuse to accept) 意为“不接受, 不理睬” 。
9.would have changed　与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
10.to better　better为动词, 例: He had tried hard to better his status, but failed. 他努力设法改善自己的地位, 但未能成功。
[变式训练]　(2009福建)
阅读下面短文, 根据以下提示:　1)汉语提示, 2)首字母提示, 3)语境提示, 在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词, 并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确, 拼写正确。
Mr. Smith offers us some advice on how to write a good composition, which i　1　 the following steps.
Firstly, we should read the topic c　2　 and organize our ideas. Then we start to shape our thoughts 　3　 our own words and finish our writing in the g　4　 time. After that, we have to check our compositions, paying attention to 　5　(语法) and spelling. It is very important to read them aloud to 　6　(自己) or someone else from 　7　 to end. Lastly, we had better ask our teachers or classmates for advice on how to improve our writing. If 　8　(可能), we may leave them alone for some time before reading again, 　9　 will help a great deal. I hope you will b　10　 a lot from the advice above.
[变式答案]　1. includes　2. carefully　3. in4. given5. grammar　6. ourselves　7. beginning　8. possible　9. which　10. benefit
[变式解析]　1. includes　根据上文的some advice 及下文的the following steps 可知, 此处意为“包括” ; 主语是which, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
2. carefully　read the topic用副词carefully(仔细地)修饰。
3. in　in our own words是固定搭配, 意为“用我们自己的话”。
4. given　in the given time在被给出的时间内, 过去分词作定语表被动含义。
5. grammar　考查grammar(语法)的拼写。
6. ourselves　文章中多次出现了us, we, 因此这里应该是“我们自己”。
7. beginning　from beginning to end 从开始到结束。
8. possible　if possible相当于if it is possible。
9. which　which引导非限制性定语从句, 它指代的是前面整个句子的内容。
10. benefit　benefit from. . . 从……中受益。

[第80页 Cloze 23]　(2012广东宝安、潮阳、南海、普宁、中山、仲元中学六校联考B)
The hostess was to have a party and entertain guests at home. She busied herself so early in the morning, cleaning the house. She was so tired 　1　she felt pain in her waist and on the back. Drops of sweat fell from her forehead. She did not finish cleaning the house 　2　dusk.
3　(look) at the clean and tidy drawing room, she released a sigh with a smile on her face. The guests were coming! Entering the drawing room, they 　4　(attract) by the fresh flowers. Surprisingly pleased, they cheered in praise, “Oh, what beautiful flowers!”
“How colorful and fragrant!”
“Just a look at it, and life is full of pleasure!”
Then they went on to express their thanks 　5　the hostess for her 　6　(delicate) arranged flowers.
With an embarrassed smile, the hostess said, “I am glad you like it. Thank you for your praise. I was 　7　bit surprised about it. I 　8　make detailed arrangement for your honor. I was busy the whole day cleaning and mopping. As to the flowers in the vase, it is a piece of cake. I did it by just lifting my hand. Now you are 　9　(aware) of my hard work and praise 　10　highly for my easiest effort. It is beyond my expectation.”
[答案]　1.that    2.until/till    3.Looking    4.were attracted    5.to    6.delicately    7.a    8.did    9.unaware    10.me
[解析]　[语篇解读]　女主人因为客人们只赞扬她举手之劳所摆放的花, 而忽略了她打扫房间的一天辛劳而感到意外。
1.that　so... that... 结果状语从句“如此……以至于……”, 例: He worked so hard that he finished the task ahead of schedule.
2.until/till　表示“直到……才” 用 not... until..., 例: He didn' t wake up until the alarm clock rang.
3.Looking　句意: 瞧着干净、整洁的客厅, 她面带微笑叹了一口气。Looking部分为伴随状语。
4.were attracted　这里表示“客人被鲜花吸引住了”, 故要用被动语态。
5.to　向某人表示感激或感谢用express one' s thanks to sb., 类似用法: say thanks to sb., say hello to sb. 。
6.delicately　delicately=gracefully“优雅地”, 副词+过去分词合成形容词: closely-related紧密相关的, casually-dressed 穿着随意的。
7.a　“有点” 用a bit或a little, 修饰形容词或比较级: Your article is a bit/a little long. 你的文章长了一点。/Better drive a bit/a little slower. 最好开车慢点。
8.did　助动词do的各种形式放在谓语动词之前表示强调, 表示“的确、确实” 之意。Do come early. /He does like music. /He did get up early this morning.
9.unaware　句意: 你们没有注意到(be unaware of) 我的辛劳。例: He is aware of his shortcomings. 他知道自己的缺点。
10.me　praise sb. for sth. “因……赞扬某人”, 例: Our teacher praised him for his hard work.
[变式训练]　（广东省湛江市2013届高三10月调研测试）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使
用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16 —25的相应位置上。
One evening I was resting in a cafe. I wore a pair of newly bought white leather shoes, 16 were rather expensive. Then a boy came to me.
He was in 17　 old and not fit shirt, looking pale and about eleven. No sooner had I begun to speak than he opened the box in his hand and took out the tools of shoe-polishing. He was busy doing his work　18　 heavy rain began to pour down. People rushed to the cafe for 　19 （protect） from the rain. More and more people crowded in and gradually separated the boy 20 me.
Hours passed, and it turned dark. I had no shoes on my feet and wondered where the boy had been.
I thought I would have to go home on my bare feet. When it was near midnight, the cafe was to be closed. I had to move to the door, just as I went to the gate, I 21 （surprise） found that a boy of about eleven, 22 （look） very familiar, was sleeping at the door with his head leaning 23　a box. I shook him slightly and woke him　24 .He opened the package hurriedly, gave me my leather shoes, and apologized to me shyly. I paid him and wrapped him with his 25 （fit） shirt. On my way home, the image of the boy stayed in my mind.
[变式答案]　16. which　　　　 17. an　　　　 18. when　　　　19. protection　　　　 20. from　　　　 21. surprisedly　　　　 22. looking　　　　 23. against　　　　 24. up　　　　 25. unfit
[变式解析]　16. which　　 先行词shoes指物，应使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，对其进行补充说明，且which在从句中作主语。
17. an　　 shirt在此处是指泛指，且old为元音音素开头的词，其前应使用不定冠词an。an old and not fit shirt意思是“一件又旧又不合身的衬衫”。
18. when　　 他正忙着手里的活儿，这时突然下起了瓢泼大雨。表示“就在这时”，强调动作的突发性，用when，when此时是并列连词。
19. protection　　 protect是及物动词，protection是其名词形式。for protection from the rain意思是“为了防雨”，相当于for protecting themselves from the rain。
20. from　　 separate…from…是习惯搭配，意思是“使……与……分离，使……与……分开”。
21. surprisedly　　 首先，副词修饰动词，其次，这里是形容人的感受，因此应使用副词surprisedly。I surprisedly found…意思是“我惊讶地发现……”。注意surprisin