形容词比较及最高级.doc

形容词比较级(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格如：She is taller than me. She is the tallest of the three girls. He is older than me. The boy runs faster than the girl. This lesson is more difficult than Lesson Five. The story is more interesting than that one. She looks younger than his sister.（二）英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个： 原级，比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 原级 比较级 最高级great greater greatest small smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest big bigger biggest high higher highest tall taller tallest new newer newest cheap cheaper cheapest light lighter lightest bright brighter brightest heavy heavier heaviest clever cleverer cleverest fast faster fastest cold colder coldest clever cleverer cleverestnarrow narrower narrowest2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） fine finer finest wide wider widest 3）闭音节,单音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） big bigger biggest hot hotter hottestred redder reddest wet wetter wettest4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。 以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】funny funnier funniest easy easier easiest heavy heavier heaviest shy shier shiest angry angrier angriest friendly friendlier friendliest 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。careful more careful most careful difficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interestingexpensive more expensive most expensive dangerous more dangerous most dangerous6) 不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good better best well better bestbad worse worst badly worse worst ill worse worstShe is better than the boy at playing chess.many more most much more most little less least few fewer fewestfar farther / further farthest / furthestThey look _ than the poor girls, because they all dressed well badly. 他们的穿着都不错不好。 A.better B. goodI slept very badly last night. 昨天夜里我睡得注： 有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen, favourite 等。 形容词的比较等级的用法： 比较级用于二者的比较。【例】Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。There are more students in Class A than in Class B.一班比二班学生多。He has more money than me.二、形容词各等级的用法：1、 原级（同级）比较： asadj/adv as; not as (so).asHe writes as well as I. She looks as beautiful as her sister.They were as careful as the boys. They did their homework as carefully as the girls.Well give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(so)active in sports as before.2. 比较级：表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He is even/much stronger than his elder brother. This room is much brighter than ours.This flower is much more beautiful than that type/kind of roses. This country is even richer than Germany.He made fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I.This room is more brighter than ours. This flower is much more beautiful than that type of rose.3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.He is the tallest of the three.4、如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the cleverer of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.三、重点与难点：1、 asas结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。as表示“像一样”，引导比较状语从句，对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较，说明它们之间有相似之处，在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。例如：He doesnt work as hard as I (do). 他不像我工作那样努力。I hope the necklace was as good as the one you lent me.我希望我挂项链同你借给我的一样好。 用于as.as.或not so/ as.as.中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。如:They helped the old man as often as possible.I dont speak English so/ as well as he does.Youre a boy as good as Tom. =Youre as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is taller than :any other boy.any of the other boy.all the other boy.any of the others.any one else.5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more.表示“越来越”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.Mid-Autumn FestivalMid-Autumn Day第二部分 形容词比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级)?(比较级) (最高级)difficult (原级) (比较级)(最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:原级-比较级-最高级 good-better-best many-more-most much-more-mostbad-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be _ .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important7. This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long8. My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few9. These children are _ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot11. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite13.The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so14.Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall15. -Whats your brother like? -He is_. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school16.The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap17. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much18. The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big19. Your room is mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as 20. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 21. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years22. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject23. China is larger than _ in AfricaA. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country24. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy25. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter26. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English.A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least27. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hardC. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder 28. When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer29. _ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less D. More; the more30. _ he read the book, _ he got in it.A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested31. _ you come back, _ it will be.A.The quicker; the best B.The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better32. I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older33. Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest34. Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller35. 1 Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most36. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult37. Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well38. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high39. Dont you think it _ not to write the letter?A. well B. better C. best D. good40. Who jumped_of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far41. Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest42. The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest43. Who is of you three?A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older44. Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall45. English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language46. Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city r B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities47. Most of the woods _ been taken good care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have48. _ like playing football and watching TV.A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they49. _ are here watering the flowers here.A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys50. _ havent been to American.A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them51. _ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers52 The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of-all D. tall.53. Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone54. Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest55. Which language is_, English, French or Japanese?A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest D. much more easy56.Which is_interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C. very D. too57. Which city is_, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?A. beaut